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dubbo 多协议
dubbo 多协议
rpc 协议：/
rpc 使用：/
协议介绍
dubbo 协议：单条长连接，适用于小数据传输、高并发场景
# 配置协议
<dubbo:provider protocol="dubbo" />
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<dubbo:protocol name=“dubbo” port=“9090” server=“netty” client=“netty” codec=“dubbo” serialization=“hessian2” charset=“UTF-8” threadpool=“fixed” threads=“100” queues=“0” iothreads=“9” buffer=“8192” accepts=“1000” payload=“8388608” /># 协议多端口
<dubbo:protocol id="dubbo1" name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<dubbo:protocol id="dubbo2" name="dubbo" port="20881" /># 多连接配置
服务使用jvm共享长连接：<dubbo:service interface="..." connections="0"/>
服务使用单条独立的长连接：<dubbo:service interface="..." connections="1"/>
服务使用多条独立的长连接：<dubbo:service interface="..." connections="2"/>#服务提供方限制大接收连接数，防止被大量连接撑挂
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" accepts="1000" /># 服务提供端指定协议暴露
<dubbo:service interface="..." protocol="dubbo" /># 消费端调用指定协议的服务
<dubbo:reference interface="..." protocol="dubbo" />
hessian 协议：多条短连接，适用于大数据量传输（如文件传输）、并发量小的场景
#配置：采用servlet暴露服务，server默认用jetty实现
<dubbo:provider protocol="hessian" />
<dubbo:protocol name="hessian" port="8080" server="jetty" /># 协议配置多端口
<dubbo:protocol id="hessian1" name="hessian" port="8080" />
<dubbo:protocol id="hessian2" name="hessian" port="8081" /># 服务提供端用hessian暴露服务
<dubbo:service protocol="hessian" /># 消费端调用hessian协议的服务
<dubbo:reference protocol="hessian" /># 消费端直连服务提供端
<dubbo:reference id="helloService" interface="HelloWorld" url="hessian://10.20.153.10:8080/helloWorld" />
rmi 协议：多条短连接，适用于数据传输量大、低并发的场景
# 配置
<dubbo:provider protocol="rmi" />
<dubbo:protocol name="rmi" port="1099" /># 多端口
<dubbo:protocol id="rmi1" name="rmi" port="1099" />
<dubbo:protocol id="rmi2" name="rmi" port="2099" />接口如果继承了java.rmi.Remote接口，可以和原生 RMI 互操作* 提供者用 Dubbo 的 RMI 协议暴露服务，消费者直接用标准 RMI 接口调用* 提供方用标准 RMI 暴露服务，消费方用 Dubbo 的 RMI 协议调用
服务如果接口没有继承 java.rmi.Remote 接口* 自动生成com.xxx.XxxService$Remote接口，并继承java.rmi.Remote接口，并以此接口暴露服务* 如果设置<dubbo:protocol name="rmi" codec="spring" />，将不生成$Remote接口，而使用 Spring的RmiInvocationHandler接口暴露服务，和Spring兼容# 服务提供端制定暴露协议
<dubbo:service interface="..." protocol="rmi" /># 消费端调用指定协议的服务
<dubbo:reference interface="..." protocol="rmi" />
triple 协议：dubbo3主推协议，新一代dubbo协议
完整兼容gRPC over HTTP/2，并在协议层面扩展了负载均衡和流量控制相关机制# 序列化方式
如果为新服务，推荐使用protobuf作为默认序列化，在性能和跨语言上的效果都会更好
如果是原有服务想进行协议升级，triple协议也已经支持其他序列化方式，如Hessian、JSON等
协议使用
服务提供端：不同服务使用不同协议暴露
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=""xmlns:xsi=""xmlns:dubbo=""xsi:schemaLocation=" .3.xsd .xsd"> <dubbo:application name="world" /><dubbo:registry id="registry" address="10.20.141.150:9090" username="admin" password="hello1234" /><!-- 多协议配置 --><dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /><dubbo:protocol name="rmi" port="1099" /><!-- 使用dubbo协议暴露服务 --><dubbo:service id="helloService" interface="com.alibaba.hello.api.HelloService" version="1.0.0" ref="helloService" protocol="dubbo" /><!-- 使用rmi协议暴露服务 --><dubbo:service id="demoService" interface="com.alibaba.hello.api.DemoService" version="1.0.0" ref="demoService" protocol="rmi" />
</beans>
服务提供端：同一服务使用多种协议暴露
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=""xmlns:xsi=""xmlns:dubbo=""xsi:schemaLocation=" .3.xsd .xsd"><dubbo:application name="world" /><dubbo:registry id="registry" address="10.20.141.150:9090" username="admin" password="hello1234" /><!-- 多协议配置 --><dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /><dubbo:protocol name="hessian" port="8080" /><!-- 使用多个协议暴露服务 --><dubbo:service id="helloService" interface="com.alibaba.hello.api.HelloService" version="1.0.0" protocol="dubbo,hessian" />
</beans>
消费端：不同服务调用不同协议
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=""xmlns:xsi=""xmlns:dubbo=""xsi:schemaLocation=" .3.xsd .xsd"> <dubbo:application name="world" /><dubbo:registry id="registry" address="10.20.141.150:9090" username="admin" password="hello1234" /><!-- 多协议配置 --><dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /><dubbo:protocol name="rmi" port="1099" /><!-- 调用dubbo协议服务 --><dubbo:reference id="helloService" interface="com.alibaba.hello.api.HelloService" version="1.0.0" protocol="dubbo" /><!-- 调用rmi协议服务 --><dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="com.alibaba.hello.api.DemoService" version="1.0.0" protocol="rmi" />
</beans>
消费端：同一服务同时调用多个协议
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=""xmlns:xsi=""xmlns:dubbo=""xsi:schemaLocation=" .3.xsd .xsd"><dubbo:application name="world" /><dubbo:registry id="registry" address="10.20.141.150:9090" username="admin" password="hello1234" /><!-- 多协议配置 --><dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /><dubbo:protocol name="hessian" port="8080" /><!-- 同一服务调用多个协议 --><dubbo:reference id="helloService" interface="com.alibaba.hello.api.HelloService" version="1.0.0" protocol="dubbo,hessian" />
</beans>
实现原理
服务端配置多协议
dubbo:application:name: dubbo-provider#register-mode: instanceregistry:address: localhost:2181protocol: zookeepergroup: dubboprotocols:dubbo:name: dubbotri:name: tri
服务端多协议暴露调用栈
# ServiceConfig.doExportUrls：多协议暴露
at org.apache.dubbo.config.ServiceConfig.doExportUrls(ServiceConfig.java:388)
at org.apache.dubbo.config.ServiceConfig.doExport(ServiceConfig.java:363)- locked <0x1b7f> (a org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.ServiceBean)
at org.apache.dubbo.config.ServiceConfig.export(ServiceConfig.java:237)# DefaultModuleDeployer类
at org.apache.dubbo.config.deploy.DefaultModuleDeployer.exportServiceInternal(DefaultModuleDeployer.java:338)
at org.apache.dubbo.config.deploy.DefaultModuleDeployer.exportServices(DefaultModuleDeployer.java:310)
at org.apache.dubbo.config.deploy.DefaultModuleDeployer.start(DefaultModuleDeployer.java:142)- locked <0x1ef7> (a org.apache.dubbo.config.deploy.DefaultModuleDeployer)# DubboDeployApplicationListener类
at org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.DubboDeployApplicationListener.onContextRefreshedEvent(DubboDeployApplicationListener.java:108)
at org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.DubboDeployApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(DubboDeployApplicationListener.java:98)
at org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.DubboDeployApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(DubboDeployApplicationListener.java:44)# SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster类
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:176)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:169)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:143)# AbstractApplicationContext类
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:421)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:378)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:938)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:586)- locked <0x1ef8> (a java.lang.Object)
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:145)# SpringApplication类
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:730)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:412)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:302)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1301)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1290)# 项目启动入口
at com.example.demo.DemoApplication.main(DemoApplication.java:12)
ServiceConfig
public class ServiceConfig<T> extends ServiceConfigBase<T> {@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})private void doExportUrls() {ModuleServiceRepository repository = getScopeModel().getServiceRepository();ServiceDescriptor serviceDescriptor = repository.registerService(getInterfaceClass());providerModel = new ProviderModel(getUniqueServiceName(),ref,serviceDescriptor,this,getScopeModel(),serviceMetadata);repository.registerProvider(providerModel);List<URL> registryURLs = ConfigValidationUtils.loadRegistries(this, true);for (ProtocolConfig protocolConfig : protocols) {String pathKey = URL.buildKey(getContextPath(protocolConfig).map(p -> p + "/" + path).orElse(path), group, version);// In case user specified path, register service one more time to map it to path.repository.registerService(pathKey, interfaceClass);doExportUrlsFor1Protocol(protocolConfig, registryURLs); //暴露单个协议}}private void doExportUrlsFor1Protocol(ProtocolConfig protocolConfig, List<URL> registryURLs) {Map<String, String> map = buildAttributes(protocolConfig);// remove null key and null valuemap.keySet().removeIf(key -> key == null || map.get(key) == null);//init serviceMetadata attachmentsserviceMetadata.getAttachments().putAll(map);URL url = buildUrl(protocolConfig, registryURLs, map);exportUrl(url, registryURLs); //暴露服务}
消费端多协议调用
@RestController
public class HelloController {@DubboReference(group = "aaa", version = "*", protocol = "dubbo,tri") //同时使用dubbo、tri协议private HelloService helloService;@RequestMapping("/hello")public String hello(){helloService.hello().forEach(System.out::print);return "hello consumer 2";}
}
消费端多协议服务调用栈
# FailoverClusterInvoker.doInvoke调用远程服务，普通filter在这之后执行
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.FailoverClusterInvoker.doInvoke(FailoverClusterInvoker.java:80)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.AbstractClusterInvoker.invoke(AbstractClusterInvoker.java:332)# clusterFilter过滤：ConsumerContextFilter、FutureFilter、MonitorFilter
at org.apache.dubbo.monitor.support.MonitorFilter.invoke(MonitorFilter.java:99)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.filter.FilterChainBuilder$CopyOfFilterChainNode.invoke(FilterChainBuilder.java:313)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.protocol.dubbo.filter.FutureFilter.invoke(FutureFilter.java:51)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.filter.FilterChainBuilder$CopyOfFilterChainNode.invoke(FilterChainBuilder.java:313)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.filter.support.ConsumerContextFilter.invoke(ConsumerContextFilter.java:108)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.filter.FilterChainBuilder$CopyOfFilterChainNode.invoke(FilterChainBuilder.java:313)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.filter.FilterChainBuilder$CallbackRegistrationInvoker.invoke(FilterChainBuilder.java:187)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.wrapper.AbstractCluster$ClusterFilterInvoker.invoke(AbstractCluster.java:92)# invoker操作
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.wrapper.MockClusterInvoker.invoke(MockClusterInvoker.java:95)
at org.apache.dubbo.registry.client.migration.MigrationInvoker.invoke(MigrationInvoker.java:276)
at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.proxy.InvokerInvocationHandler.invoke(InvokerInvocationHandler.java:92)
at org.apache.dubbo.common.bytecode.proxy1.hello(proxy1.java:-1)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-1)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:344)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:208)# 方法调用入口
at jdk.proxy2.$Proxy64.hello(Unknown Source:-1)
at com.example.demo.controller.HelloController.hello(HelloController.java:28)# 反射调用
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-1)
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)# web请求处理
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:150)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:117)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:895)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:808)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1067)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:963)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:898)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:655)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:764)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:227)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:197)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:540)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:135)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:357)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:382)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:895)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1732)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)- locked <0x2728> (a org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$NioSocketWrapper)# 消费端线程池处理
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)
FailoverClusterInvoker：消费端容错策略默认为failover
public class FailoverClusterInvoker<T> extends AbstractClusterInvoker<T> {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FailoverClusterInvoker.class);public FailoverClusterInvoker(Directory<T> directory) {super(directory);}@Override@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})public Result doInvoke(Invocation invocation, final List<Invoker<T>> invokers, LoadBalance loadbalance) throws RpcException {List<Invoker<T>> copyInvokers = invokers; //可调用服务列表checkInvokers(copyInvokers, invocation);String methodName = RpcUtils.getMethodName(invocation);int len = calculateInvokeTimes(methodName);// retry loop.RpcException le = null; // last exception.List<Invoker<T>> invoked = new ArrayList<Invoker<T>>(copyInvokers.size()); // invoked invokers.Set<String> providers = new HashSet<String>(len);for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {//Reselect before retry to avoid a change of candidate `invokers`.//NOTE: if `invokers` changed, then `invoked` also lose accuracy.if (i > 0) {checkWhetherDestroyed();copyInvokers = list(invocation);// check againcheckInvokers(copyInvokers, invocation);}Invoker<T> invoker = select(loadbalance, invocation, copyInvokers, invoked);//使用负载均衡选择一个可调用的invokerinvoked.add(invoker);RpcContext.getServiceContext().setInvokers((List) invoked);boolean success = false;try {Result result = invokeWithContext(invoker, invocation); //服务调用if (le != null && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {logger.warn("Although retry the method " + methodName+ " in the service " + getInterface().getName()+ " was successful by the provider " + invoker.getUrl().getAddress()+ ", but there have been failed providers " + providers+ " (" + providers.size() + "/" + copyInvokers.size()+ ") from the registry " + directory.getUrl().getAddress()+ " on the consumer " + NetUtils.getLocalHost()+ " using the dubbo version " + Version.getVersion() + ". Last error is: "+ le.getMessage(), le);}success = true;return result;} catch (RpcException e) {if (e.isBiz()) { // biz exception.throw e;}le = e;} catch (Throwable e) {le = new RpcException(e.getMessage(), e);} finally {if (!success) {providers.add(invoker.getUrl().getAddress());}}}throw new RpcException(le.getCode(), "Failed to invoke the method "+ methodName + " in the service " + getInterface().getName()+ ". Tried " + len + " times of the providers " + providers+ " (" + providers.size() + "/" + copyInvokers.size()+ ") from the registry " + directory.getUrl().getAddress()+ " on the consumer " + NetUtils.getLocalHost() + " using the dubbo version "+ Version.getVersion() + ". Last error is: "+ le.getMessage(), le.getCause() != null ? le.getCause() : le);}private int calculateInvokeTimes(String methodName) {int len = getUrl().getMethodParameter(methodName, RETRIES_KEY, DEFAULT_RETRIES) + 1;RpcContext rpcContext = RpcContext.getClientAttachment();Object retry = rpcContext.getObjectAttachment(RETRIES_KEY);if (retry instanceof Number) {len = ((Number) retry).intValue() + 1;rpcContext.removeAttachment(RETRIES_KEY);}if (len <= 0) {len = 1;}return len;}}
本文标签： dubbo 多协议
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