定量药理学名词中英对照表

English中文absolute prediction error(s) (APE)绝对预测误差absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination (ADME)吸收、分布、代谢、消除active transportadaptive designadditive erroradherenceadministrationaffinityagonistallometric scalingantagonistarea under curve (AUC)assumptionsauto-inductionbackward eliminationbase modelbaselinebelow the limit of quantification (BLQ)between-subject variability (BSV)biasbiliary clearancebioavailabilitybioequivalencebiomarkerbiopharmaceutics classification system (BCS)bloodbody mass index (BMI)body surface area (BSA)bolusbootstrapbottom-up appraochcapacity-limited metabolismcategorical datacatenary compartment modelcausalitychi-square testclearanceClinical trial simulationclinical utility indexCmaxcoefficient of variation (CV)Compartmental analysiscompetitive inhibitioncomplianceconcomitant medication effectcondition numberconditional probabilityconditional weighted residuals (CWRES)confidence intervalconstitutive modelcontinuous dataconvergencecorrelation主动转运自适应性设计加和性误差依从性给药亲和力激动剂异速生长拮抗剂曲线下面积假设自诱导逆向剔除法基础模型基线低于定量下限个体间变异偏差胆汁清除率生物利用度生物等效性生物标志物生物药剂学分类系统血体质指数体表面积推注自举法自下而上的模式能力限制型代谢分类数据链式模型因果卡方检验清除率临床试验模拟临床效用指数峰浓度变异系数房室模型分析竞争性抑制依从性联合用药效应条件数条件概率条件加权残差置信区间本构模型连续数据收敛相关

correlation coefficientcorrelation matrixcount datacovariacne matrixcovariancecovariate evaluationcovariate modelcreatinine clearancecross-over designdata analysis plandataset assembly/constructiondataset specification filedegrees of freedomdependent variable (DV)determinantdeterministic identifiabilitydeterministic simulationdiagonal matrixdichotomousdirect-effect modeldiscretedisease progressiondisease-modifying effectdose dependencedose-normalized concentrationsdouble-blinddrug accumulationdrug-drug interactionduration of infusionefficacyeigenvaluesempirical Bayesian estimates (EBEs)endogenousenterhepatic circulationestimateestimationexogenousexploratory data analysis (EDA)exponentialexternal validationextrapolationextravascular administrationfastedfedfirst in human (FIH) trialfirst-order absorptionfirst-order conditional estimation method (FOCE)first-order method (FO)first-pass effectFisher information matrixfixed effectflip-flopforward selectionfraction of unbound (fu)相关系数相关矩阵计数数据协方差矩阵协方差协变量评价协变量模型肌酐清除率交叉设计数据分析计划数据集建立数据库规范文件自由度因变量行列式确定性可识别性确定性模拟对角矩阵二分类直接效应模型离散疾病进程疾病缓解效应剂量依赖性剂量归一化浓度双盲药物蓄积药物-药物相互作用输注持续时间功效特征值经验贝叶斯估计内源性肝肠循环估计值求参外源性探索性数据分析指数型外部验证外推血管外给药禁食进食首次人体试验一级吸收一阶条件估计法一阶评估法首过效应Fisher信息矩阵固定效应翻转前向选择游离分数

full agonistgastric emptyinggeneric productsgenetic polymorphismgenome-wide association study (GWAS)genotypeglobal minimumglobal sensitivity analysisglomerular filtration rate (GFR)goodness of fitgradienthalf maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50)half-lifehepatic clearancehierarchicalhomeostasishomoscedasticityhysteresisidentity matrixill-conditioned matriximmunogenicityin silicoin situin vitroin vivoindependent variableindirect response modelindividual parameter estimatesindividual prediction (IPRED)individual residuals (IRES)individual weighted residuals (IWRES)infusioninitial estimateinter-individual variability (IIV)internal validationinter-occasion variabilityinterpolationintestinal absorptionintra-individual variabilityintramuscular administration (i.m.)intravenous administration (i.v.)intrinsic clearanceinverse agonistinverse of matrixisobologramJacobian matrixlag timelarge-scale systems modellean body weightlevel 1 random effect (L1)level 2 random effect (L2)ligand-receptor bindinglikelihood ratio testlinear models完全激动剂胃排空仿制药遗传多态性全基因组关联研究基因型全局最小值全局敏感性分析肾小球滤过率拟合优度梯度半数抑制浓度半衰期肝清除率层级稳态方差齐性滞后单位矩阵病态矩阵免疫原性经由电脑模拟原位体外体内自变量间接反应模型个体参数估计个体预测值个体残差个体加权残差输注起始参数估计个体间变异内部验证场合间变异插值肠道吸收个体内变异肌肉注射静脉给药内在清除率反向激动剂逆矩阵等效线图雅可比矩阵滞后时间大型系统模型瘦体重一级随机效应二级随机效应配体-受体结合似然比检验线性模型

linear pharmacokineticslocal minimumlocal sensitivity analysislocally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS)logistic regressionlogit transformlog-normal distributionlog-transformationmaintenance dosemarginal probabilitymeanmean absolute prediction error percent (MAPE)mean prediction error (MPE)mean residence time (MRT)mean squared error (MSE)mechanism-based inhibitionmedianMichaelis-Menten constantMichaelis-Menten kineticsmissing dependent variable (MDV)mixed effectmixture modelsmodel diagnostic plotsmodel evaluationmodel misspecificationmodel specification file (MSF)model validationModel-based drug developmentmomentMonte Carlo simulationmultivariate linear regressionnegative feedbacknestedNon-compartmental analysisnoncompetitive inhibitionnonlinear mixed effect models (NONMEM)nonlinear pharmacokineticsnormal distributionnormalized prediction distribution errors (NPDE)numerical predictive check (NPC)objective function value (OFV)observationoccupancyoccupational modelone-/two-compartment modelonset of effectoperational modeloptimal samplingOptimal study designoralordered dataoutlierparallel design

partial agonist线性药物动力学局部最小值局部敏感性分析局部加权散点平滑法Logistic回归Logit变换对数正态分布对数变换维持剂量边际概率均值平均绝对预测误差百分比平均预测误差平均滞留时间均方误差基于机制的抑制中位数米氏常数米氏动力学缺失应变量混合效应混合模型模型诊断图模型评价模型错配模型规范文件模型验证基于模型的药物研发矩蒙特卡洛模拟多元线性回归负反馈嵌套非房室模型分析非竞争性抑制非线性混合效应模型非线性药物动力学正态分布归一化预测分布误差数值预测性能检查目标函数值观测占有受体占有模型一/二室模型起效操作模型最优采样优化试验设计口服有序数据离群值平行设计部分激动剂

peak concentrationperfusionpermeabilityPharmacodynamicsPharmacogenomicsPharmacokinetics

Pharmacometricsphase I reactionphase II reactionphenotypePhysiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK)piecewise linear modelsplaceboplasmaPoisson distributionPoisson regressionpopulation pharmacokineticspositive feedbackpost hocposterior distributionposterior predictive check (PPC)posterior probabilitypotencypower functionprecisionpre-clinical studyprediction (PRED)prediction error (PE)prior distributionprodrugproof of concept studyproportional errorQ-Q plotquality assurance (QA)quality control (QC)random effectrandomisation

rate constantrate-limiting stepreference grouprelative bioavailabilityrelative standard deviation (RSD)relative standard error (RSE)renal clearancereparameterizationrepeat doseresamplingresidual (RES)residual unexplained variability (RUV)rich samplingrobustroot mean square error (RMSE)rounding errorssaturable峰浓度灌注渗透性药效动力学药物基因组学药物动力学定量药理学第一相反应第二相反应表型生理药物动力学分段线性模型安慰剂血浆泊松分布泊松回归群体药物动力学正反馈事后后验分布后验预测性能检查后验概率效价强度幂函数精密度临床前研究群体预测值预测误差先验分布前药概念验证研究比例型误差分位图质量保证质量控制随机效应随机化速率常数限速步骤对照组相对生物利用度相对标准偏差相对标准误肾清除率重新参数化重复剂量重采样残差残留不明原因的变异·密集采样鲁棒性均方根误差舍入误差可饱和的

semi-logarithmic plotshirinkagesignalling transductionsimulationsingle dosesingularsparse samplingstandard error (SE)steady state (SS)stochastic simulationstratificationstructural identifiabilitysubcutaneous administration (s.c.)superpositionsurrogate endpointsurvival analysissymptomatic effectsynergismSystems pharmacologytarget-mediated drug dispositiontherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)therapeutic indextime after dose (TAD)time varyingtime-to-event analysistissuetitration designtmaxtolerancetop-down approachtotal body weighttransit compartment modeltransportertransposetrough concentrationtubular reabsorptiontubular secretionturnovertypical value paramtersuncompetitive inhibitionvariance-covariance matrixvisual predictive check (VPC)volume of distributionweighted residuals (WRES)well-stirred modelwithin-subject variabilityzero-order absorption半对数图收缩信号转导模拟单剂量奇异稀疏采样标准误稳态随机模拟分层结构可识别性皮下注射叠加替代终点生存分析对症疗效协同作用系统药理学靶点介导的药物处置治疗药物监测治疗指数给药后时间时间变化事件史分析组织滴定式设计达峰时间耐受性自上而下的模式总体重中转室模型转运体转置谷浓度肾小管重吸收肾小管分泌置换参数的群体典型值反竞争性抑制方差协方差矩阵可视化预测性能检查表观分布容积加权残差充分搅拌模型个体内变异零级吸收