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2024年3月22日发(作者:ubuntu创建工作空间)

常见动词短语搭配

1.break短语:

break away (from sb./sth.)(脱离,逃脱,甩掉);break one’s word(食言);

break out(爆发,突然开始,主语多为war,fire,quarrel等,不能用于被动语态);

break down(机器、车辆等坏掉,使分解);break in(插话,强行进入);

break into(强行闯入,突然开始);break up(粉碎,关系破裂,垮掉);

break the rules(违反规定,相反含义的有obey the rules);

break the record(打破记录,相当于set up a record,相反含义的有hold a record);

break the silence(打破沉默)

2.bring短语:

bring forth(生产);bring forward(将……提前,提议);

bring down(降低,打落);bring in(赚得,提出,引进);

bring up(抚养,提出,呕吐).bring sb. convenience/trouble(给某人带来方便/麻

烦)

3.call短语:

call at someplace(拜访某地,相当于drop in at someplace);

call on sb.(拜访某人,相当于drop in sb.

call for(需要,要求,接);call on/upon sb. to do sth.(请求某人做某事)

4.get短语:

get along/on with(与……和睦相处,进展);

get down to sth,(开始做某事,如:get down to business言归正传);

get in(收割,买进);get on(进展,获得成功,对付);

get off(下班,出发);get through(用完,顺利通过,接通电话);

get to(到达,使烦恼);get up(起床,增强);

get in touch with(与……取得联系);get rid of(摆脱);

get into trouble(惹麻烦)

5.give短语:

give in(投降,让步);give up(放弃,投降);

give out(散发,耗尽,如:My patience finally gave out:我终于忍无可忍了。);

give off(发出光、热、气味等);give away(分发,送给)

6.护短语:

go out(送出,熄灭);go with sth.(附属于,同意);

go mad(发疯);go bad(变坏,变质);

go against(违背);go on(继续)

7.hold短语:

hold back(隐瞒,阻挡,抑制);

hold on(坚持,等着。不要挂掉电话);

hold up(耽搁,支持住);hold an important position(担任重要职位)

8.keep短语:

keep back(保持距离,抑制感情等的流露,隐瞒);keep off(回避某话题,使……不

接近);

keep away from(远离);keep up with sth.(熟悉,继续支付)

keep up with sb.(与某人保持联系);keep on(继续);

keep a record(保持记录);keep one's promise(遵守诺言);

keep an eye on(照看,留神,留意)

9. look短语:

look after(照顾,照料);look at sth.(检查,考虑,看待);

look around/round(环顾四周);look down on(看不起,鄙视);

look for(期待);look out(小心);

look through sth.(浏览,快速查看);look forward to sth./doing sth.(盼望,期

待);

look up(好转,抬头往上看,查阅);look into(调查)

10.make短语:

make up(化妆,组成,编造);make up for(弥补);

be made up of(由……组肼构成);be made of(由……做成,常指看得出原材料);

be made from(由……制造/做成,常指看不出原材料);be made,into(被做成……);

make out(理解,看清);make full/good use of(充分利用);

make friends with(与……交朋友);make fun of(取笑);

make room for(给……让出空间);make an apology to(给……道歉);

make preparations for(为……做准备);make the bed(铺床);

make a living(谋生);make money(赚钱);

make peace(讲和);make tea(沏茶)

11.put短语:

put away(把放回原处,积蓄);put up(提升,张贴,建立,投宿);

put down(写下,放下,镇压);put out(生产,扑灭。出版);

put off(取消,使反感);1put. on(穿上,浊演,增加体重);

put up with sb./sth.(容忍)

12.set短语:

set about(开始做,着手做,攻击);

set out(动身。开始工作);

set off(出发,使爆炸,引起);

set up(建立)

set fire to sth. /set sth. on fire(放火烧……);

set an example to(为……树立榜样)

13.turn短语:

turn to(翻到,向……求助);

turn in(上交,取得);turn on(打开,取决手,突然攻击);

turn off(关掉,不再听);turn up(偶然出现,把声音调高);

turn down(把声音每抵,拒绝);turn out(结果是,出席)

14.take短语:

take away(带走,解除);take off(脱下,起飞,迅速流行);

take on(雇用,呈现);take in(收留,欺骗,理解:包含);

take down(写下,拆掉);take up(开始从事,占据)

take part in(参加);take pride in(为……感到骄傲);

take place(发生);take the place of(替代);

take care of(照顾);take action (采取行动

take measures/steps(采取措施) take an exam(参加考试);

take one's advice(听从劝告);take it for granted ()(把……看成是理所当然

的事)

take sb./sth seriously(严肃对待某人/某事:); for example(以……为例)

15.follow短语:

follow one's advice(听从某人的劝告);follow one's example(仿效);.

follow the fashion(追随时尚);follow your nose(凭直觉行事,一直向前);

重点动词及动词词组辨析

. cost, pay. spend. take

afford表示买得起,有时间做,可以指费用、时间等,常用于afford sth.和afford to

do sth.结构;其他四个词都有“花费”之意,其中cost指“需付费”:常用于cost sb. sth.

结构;pay常指“付多少钱”,常用于pay (sb.)for sth.结构;spend指“花时间或钱”,

常用于sb.+spend+时间/钱+on sth./in doing sth.结构;

take常用于It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.结构。如:

We cannot afford to pay such a price.我们付不起这个价钱。

The new computer costs him around $l,000.(cost的主语一般是物,且没有被

动结构)

这台新电脑花费了他将近1,000美元。

Who’ll pay for the meal'?谁为这顿饭付账?

Every day he spent twenty minutes (in) talking to the boy.他每天花20分钟的时

间跟这个男孩谈话。

It took us a lot of time to Finish the work.完成这项工作花了我们很多时间。,

part in, join in, join, attend

这四个词都有“参加”之意。take part in意为“参加,参与(某事或某活动)”;join

in意为“参加”,后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或动名词;join

指“加入”某个团体、组织;attend强

调“出席”,如:attend the meeting/concert,attend classes/school/a lecture

等。如:

It is useful to take an active part in after-school activities:积极参加课外活动是有

益的。

Please join us and play together.加入我们一起玩吧!

Last Saturday all of us attended his wedding.上星期六,我们都参加了他的婚礼。

He never joined in the usual sports of the boys.他从不参加孩子们的一般活动。

,speak, say. tell

这四个词都有“说”的意思。talk与speak表示“交谈,说话”时常为不及物动词,

要与介词连用,如:

talk/speak with/to sb. about sth.;表示”讲什么语言”时,要用speak; say强调

说话的内容;tell着重“讲述,告诉”,常用的短语有tell sb. sth.,tell a lie(说谎),tell the

difference between A and B(区别A和B的不同),tell A from B(分辨A和B)。

4.expect.wish.hope

(1) expect:期望,预料

as expected正如所料;

expect a lot of/from sh.对某人期望很高;expect too much from/of sb.对某人期

望过高

expect sh. to do sth.期望某人做某事;expect to do sth.期望做某事

I'm expecting a letter.我在等一封信。

They expect to finish the work by Friday.他们预期星期五之前可以完成这项工作。

(2) hope:多指切合实际的“希望”

hope for sth.希望某事发生;

hope to do sth.希望做某事,而不能说hope sh. to do sth.。如:

The boy hoped to see his father soon.这个男孩希望不久能见到他的父亲。

(3)wish:可以指不切合实际构“愿望”,也可.以指可以实现的“愿望”。

(just)as you wish正如你希望的那样;

wish sb. welt/all the best祝愿某人万事如意;wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事;

wish to do sth.希望做某事;wish for sth.盼望某事

wish可以用于虚拟语气,而上面两个近义词则不可以。如:

How l wish I had time to attend the party!我多么希望我有时间参加这个晚会啊1

. grow, get, turn

(1) become:强调结果,即从一种状态变为另_种状态。如:

That custom has now become a rule.那个习俗现在已经成为一种规则。

(2)get:用法类似于become,也是侧重结果,但多用于口语中。如:

They get wiser as they get older.随着年龄的增长,他们变得更加聪明:

(3)grow:强调进程,含有“逐渐….”的意思。如:

The girl is growing to be more like her mother.这个女孩变得越来越像她妈妈了。

(4)turn:强调状态的变化,既说明状态和以前完全不同,又含有“慢慢地变化”的意

思。如:Anxiety turned her hair white.她的头发都愁白了。

6.observe, see, watch.notice

(1) observe:意思是“观察,仔细地看”,主要用于表示观察实验或研究现象等,后跟

名词或从句作宾

语,可用于observe sb. do/doing结构。如:

The scientist has observed the stars all。his life,这位科学家一生都在观察星星。.

(2)see:强调结果,意思是“看见,看到”。注意:see一般不用手进行对态。如:

He wrote down the word in order to see how to spell it.

他把那个词写下来是为了看看它是如何拼写的。

(3 )watch:强调所看到的事物的变化、移动和发展,一般不跟that从句。如:

He watched the house for signs of activity.他注视着那房子里的动静。

(4) notice:意思是“注意到”,相当pay attention to

I noticed them coming.我注意至H他们进来了。

. wound .injure. destroy

(1)hurt:表示“伤害”的一般用词,既可以指对肉体的伤害,也可以指对精神的伤害。

如:

He hurt his back when playing squash.他打壁球时背部受伤了。

What he said at the meeting hurt me.他在会议上说的话伤害了我。 :

(2)wound:常指外伤,特别指在战争、打斗中受到的伤害。如:

He was wounded in the war in the left ann.他在战争中左胳膊受了伤。

(3)injure:—般指在意外事故中受伤。如:

Three people were killed and five injured in the crash.

撞车事故中有三人死亡,五人受伤。

(4)destroy:一般指彻底损坏,常译成“毁坏,破坏”。如:

The school was destroyed completely by a big fire.学校被一场大火彻底烧毁了。

t. investigate, observe, examine

(1) inspect:指为查找过失或缺陷而加以检查。如:

The doctor inspected her teeth carefully.医生仔细地检查了她的牙齿。

(2) investigate:指为求得案件等的事实而调查、研究。如:

The police are investigating the cause of the fire.蔫骞丐嚣调查这次火灾的原因。

(3)observe:表示“观察到,注意到”。如:

We observed that it had turned cloudy.我们发觉天已转阴。

(4)examine:表示“检查、,调查”。如:

My bags were examined when I entered the country.入境时,我的包接受了检查。

,e,request

(1)ask:意为“要求,请求”。常用的搭配有:ask sb. to do sth.;ask sb. for sth.;

ask for sth.。如:

We asked our teacher for advice.我们向我们的老师征求意见。

(2)beg:意为“乞求,恳求”,表示谦恭地恳请,希望能满足某种较为迫切的需求,往

往含有低声下气

g意思。常用的搭配有:beg sth. of/from sb.;beg sb. to do sth.;beg to do sth.;

beg sb. for sth.。如:

The boy begged the teacher not to tell his mother the truths

那个男孩恳求老师不要把真相告诉他的母亲。

(3) demand:含有命令的意思。常用的搭配肴:demand sth.;demand to do sth.;

(从句中用虚拟语气)。如:

The teacher demanded that the students (should) hand in the homework on

time. ‘

老师要求学生们按时交作业j

(4) require:意为“要求,规定”j通常可与deⅡand互换,但语气较为缓和,在较

正式的英语里常用被动

吾态。常用的搭配有:require sth.;require sb. to do sth.;(从句中

用瘦拟语气)。如:

All the passengers are required to show their tickets.所有的乘客都要出示车票。

(5) request:意为“请求,要求”,常指正式或有礼貌地请求。常用的搭配有:request

sth.;request sb. To do sth.;(从句中用虚拟语气)。如:

He requested me to stay after class.

他要求我下课后留下。

主动语态表示被动含义的词

1.want,need,require等动词后跟动名词表示被动的含义。如:

His hair wants cutting.他的头发该理了。

2.在be worth doing结构中,用主动语态表示被动含义。如:

The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。,

3.有些动词后加某些副词时用主动语态表示被动禽义。、这些动词一般是表示主语的

某些特征,主要有well,sell,clean,write,read,wash等?常用的副词有:easily,

well,quickly,smoothly等。

如: The cloth washes well.这种布很耐洗。

4.有些实义动词用作系动词,表示被动意义,不能用被动语态。常见的有:keep,

feel,,look,smell,sound,stay,taste等。如:

The cloth feels soft.这种布摸起来很柔软。

5.主动语态表被动含义;的动词短语有:come up,give out“(食物、燃料、力量

等)用尽,用完”,run out,come out等。如:

The problem came up at the meeting yesterday.这个问题昨天在会议上被提出

来。

The new facts came out through the investigation.经过调查后,新的事实才为人

所知。

聚沙成塔 集腋成裘

《慎子·知忠》上有云:“粹白之裘,盖非一狐之腋也。”“集腋成裘”这个成语即由

此而来。古往今来,凡杰出的人物都是从众人中吸取长处和依靠众人的力量来成就功业。

刚刚步入高三的学生,开始的时候也是通过一点一滴的积累而最终逐渐丰富自己、壮大自

己、成就自己。


本文标签: 表示 动词 开始 被动 检查