2021年高考英语真题试卷笔试部分(全国乙卷)带答案解析

2021

年高考英语真题试卷笔试部分（全国乙卷）

一、阅读理解

1.

第一节

阅读下列短文：从每题所给的

A

、

B

、

C

、

D

四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。

A

You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel the outstanding

ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams(1860-1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addans helped the poor

and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(

社区

)by creating shelters and promoting

education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel

Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson(1907-1964)

If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book

Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and

on the world’s lakes and oceans.21

教育网

Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)

When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find

work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(

参议员

) and ,in 1981, the

first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during

her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks(1913-2005)

On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a

passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for

more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said

Parks.

（

1

）

What is jane Addams noted for in history?

social work.

lack of proper training in law.

efforts to win a prize.

community background.

（

2

）

What is the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?

lack of proper training in law.

little work experience in court.

discrimination against women.

poor financial conditions.

（

3

）

Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?

Addams.

Carson.

Day O'Connor.

Parks.

（

4

）

What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

are highly educated.

are truly creative.

are pioneers.

are peace-lovers.

2.

阅读理解

Grandparents Answer a Call

As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away,. Even when her

daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused . Only after a year

of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the

move to a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.

No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and

grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law,

Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.

According to a study grandparents com. 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson ‘s decision will influence

the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s

family.

“in the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough fast enough to prove we

could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate magazine for grandparents .We now realize

how important family is and how important”” to be near them, especially when you’re raining children.”

Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to

make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far

away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.

（

1

）

Why was Garza's move a success?

strengthened her family ties.

improved her living conditions.

2

enabled her make more friends.

helped her know more new places.

（

2

）

What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson's decision?

A.17% expressed their support for it.

people responded sympathetically.

C.83% believed it had a bad influence.

majority thought it was a trend.

（

3

）

What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?

were unsure of raise more children.

were eager to raise more children.

wanted to live away from their parents.

bad little respect for their grandparent.

（

4

）

What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the lasr paragraph?

decisions in the best interests' of their own

their children to pay more visits to them

ice for their struggling children

to know themselves better

3.

阅读理解

I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad,

I have 42 hours to carry stem cells

（干细胞）

in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long

they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(

捐献者

) to the time they can be

implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence,

Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk

at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I'm really sorry, I've got some bad news for you-there are no

fights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells

that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She

just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for mere-routed(

改道

)me

through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For thiscourier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save

somebody's life.

（

1

）

Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph1?

er

ry man

3

tor

l doctor

（

2

）

Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?

cannot stay away from his job too long.

donor can only wait for that long.

operation needs that very much.

ice won't last any longer.

（

3

）

Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?

London

Newark

Providence

Washington

4.

阅读理解

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty

when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence

may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill

every gap(

间隙

)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for

understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as

some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking

and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(

暗示

) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been

said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in

relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons

may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may

use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing

with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly

to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across

the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and

cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on

unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(

治愈

) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in

the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

（

1

）

What does the author say about silence in conversations?

4

implies anger.

promotes friendship.

is culture-specific.

is content-based.

（

2

）

Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

Chinese.

French.

Mexicans.

Russians.

（

3

）

What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

it continue as the patient pleases.

it while treating patients.

te its harm to patients.

use of its healing effects.

（

4

）

What may be the best title for the text?

and Silence

It Means to Be Silent

e to Native Americans

Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

5.

第二节

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Secret codes (

密码

)keep messages private

。

Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes

in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

People have used secret codes for thousands of years. ________ Code breaking never lags(

落后

) far behind

code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

There are threemain types of cryptography. ________ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats

too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”

________ You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the

alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read

“13 5 20 13 5.”

A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must

have a code book. ________ For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The

message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” ________ However, it is also hard to keep a code book

secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

5

A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.

C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

二、英语知识运用（共两节）

6.

第一节

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A Heroic Driver

Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 1

along 165 north after delivering to one of his 2 . suddenly, he saw a car with its bright

lights on. 3 he got closer, he found 4 vehicle upside down on the road.

One more look and he noticed 5 shooting out from under the 6 vehicle.

Larry pulled over, set the brake and 7 the fire extinguisher (

灭火器

). Two good bursts from

the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

The man who had his bright lights on 8 and told Larry he had 9 an

emergency call. They 10 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (

毁坏的

)

vehicle. 11 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.

They told her to stay 12 until the emergency personnel arrived, 13 she

thought the car was going to 14 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she

should not move 15 she injured her neck.

Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 16 and let them go to

work. Then, Larry asked the 17 if he was needed or 18 to go. They let

him and the other man go.

One thing is 19 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to

the burning vehicle! His 20 most likely saved the woman’s life.

1. A. walking

2. A. passengers

3. A. Since

4. A. each

5. A. flames

6. A. used

7. A. got hold of

B. touring

B. colleagues

B. Although

B. another

B. smoke

B. disabled

B. prepared

C. traveling

C. employers

C. As

C. that

C. water

C. removed

D. rushing

D. customers

D. If

D. his

D. steam

D. abandoned

C. took charge of D. controlled

6