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《语言学概论（英）》课程教学大纲
一、课程基本信息
课程代码：16083302
课程名称：语言学概论（英）
英文名称：Introduction to Linguistics For Students of English
课程类别：专业课
学 时：32学时
学 分：2学分
适用对象: 英语专业
考核方式：考查
先修课程：专业技能课
二、课程简介
《语言学概论（英）》课程是英语专业必修课程，为英语语言文学各专业本
科生提供语言学的基础理论知识。本课程介绍现代语言学一个世纪以来语言研究
各个领域所取得的重要成果，包括语言学的重要区分、语言的定义、特征和功能，
重点介绍结构主义语言学、生成语法理论对语言的三个层面即音系、语法和语义
的描述，即语言学的核心分支音系学、形态学、句法、语义学和语用学的基本概
念和理论以及分析方法。同时，会用马克思主义的语言观来评价语言学家的研究
路径。通过本课程的学习，学生应掌握语言学基本概念、理论知识和分析方法，
并能运用所学理论和方法分析和解释语言现象。
Introduction to Linguistics for Students of English is a compulsory course,
providing the students of English majors with some basic theories and specialized
knowledge in linguistics. The course, starting from Saussure’s language views,
introduces the important research achievements in the scope of linguistics, important
distinctions in linguistics, definition of language, design features of language and
functions of language. The important points of this course lie in the description of
sound system, structure system and meaning system, namely, the core branches of
linguistics: phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics from
perspectives of structuralism, generative grammar. Meanwhile, Marxist language
view will be used to evaluate some linguistic theories and approaches. After the study
of the course, the students will learn the basic concepts and theories in linguistics and
methods for linguistic researches. They are expected to be able to apply the
linguistic concepts and theories to analyze and explain language phenomena.
三、课程性质与教学目的
1
《语言学概论（英）》课程是为英语专业本科生开设的英语专业必修课之一。
本课程的开设旨在帮助学生掌握英语语言学的基本概念、理论知识，培养学生的
语言意识和逻辑思维能力，提高学生对语言现象的观察和分析的能力，为学生进
一步学习语言学及其相关学科、进行语言学及其相关领域的研究打下良好的基
础。
四、教学内容及要求
Chapter One Introduction
（一）目的与要求
Students will learn
1．The definition of linguistics.
2．The major branches of linguistics.
3．What each branch study?
4．Some distinctions in linguistics.
5．The definitions of language.
6．Design features of human language
7．Functions of human language
8．Marxist view on language
（二）教学内容
1. 主要内容
1.1 What is linguistics?
1.1.1
Definition
Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. Linguistics
studies not any particular language, but it studies languages in general. It is a
scientific study because it is based on the systematic investigation of linguistic data,
conducted with reference to some general theory of language structure.
1.1.2 The scope of linguistics
The study of language as a whole is often called general linguistics. The scope of
linguistics covers: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics,
sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, applied linguistics.
1.1.3 Some important distinctions in linguistics
1.1.3.1 Prescriptive vs. descriptive
If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyze the language people actually
use, it is said to be descriptive; if the linguistic study aims to lay down rules for
“correct and standard” behavior in using language, it is said to be prescriptive.
1.1.3.2 Synchronic vs. diachronic
The description of a language at some point of time in history is a synchronic
study; the description of a language as it changes through time is a diachronic study.
2
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