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2024年4月16日发(作者：中断程序switch流程图)

Principles

2.4 Principles of CLT (Communicative language teaching)

1 Communication principle：activities involve real communication to

promote learning.

2 Task principle：activities in which language is used for Carrying out

meaningful tasks promote learning

3 Meaningfulness principle：Meaningful language to the learner supports the

learning process

3.2 Designing principles for the National English Curriculum [kʌ'rɪkjʊləm]

课程1) Aim for educating all students, and emphasize quality-oriented

education. 素质教育

2) Promote learner-centeredness, and respect individual differences.

3) Develop competence-based objectives, 能力本位目标 and allow

flexibility[,fleksɪ'bɪlɪtɪ] 灵活性 and adaptability. [ə,dæptə'bɪlətɪ] 适应性；可变性

4) Pay close attention to the learning process, and advocate experiential

learning and participation.

5) Attach particular importance to formative['fɔ:mətiv形成的；造型的；格式化

的assessment, 评定；估价 and give special attention to the development of

competence.

6) Optimize learning resources, and maximize opportunities for learning and

using the language.

考点(10分)4.2 Principles for Good Lesson Planning

1. Aim: the realistic goals for the lesson; what students are able to do by the

end of the lesson;

2. Variety: different types of activities; a wide selection of materials;

3. Flexibility: [,fleksɪ'bɪlɪtɪ preparing some extra and alternative tasks and

activities

4. Learnability: [,lə:nə'biliti] . 可学习性；易学性 the contents and tasks planned

should be within the learning capability of the students

5. Doing things that are beyond or below the students’ coping ability will

diminish their motivation (Schumann, 1999)

6. Linkage: 连接；结合；联接the stages and the steps within each stage are

linked with one another.

9.4 Principles for teaching listening


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