版高二英语选择性必修二全册课文英文与汉语翻译Word(英汉对照)_百

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

Unit 1

Reading and Thinking

JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “ KING CHOLERA”

约输•斯诺战胜“霍乱王”

Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor. John Snow, showed

how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th

century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor,

John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become

a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave r, he never lost his desire to

destroy cholera once and for all.在英国医生约翰・斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。它可导致严重腹泻、脱水甚至死亡。十九世纪初，崔乱暴发，肆虐欧洲，数百万人丧命。由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰・斯诺医生很沮丧。后来，他成了一位名医。甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。然而，他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望

In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One

theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in

food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently,

when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular

streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to

find out why.

关于霍乱的蔓延方式，当时医生大体上有两种截然不同的看法。一种看法是空气污染引发，另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。斯诺赞同第二种看法。这一看法是正确的，但他仍需要证据。因此，1854年伦敦暴发霍乱时，斯诺便开始调查。他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。他决心查明原因。

Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple

deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some

households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people

worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from

the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. What is more, in another part of London, a

woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman

liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this

evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the

handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in

its tracks

斯诺首先在地图上标出所有死者住所的确切位置。宽街水泵附近有多例死亡(尤其是16号、37号、38号及40号住宅)，但是有些住户(如宽街20号和21号以及剑桥街8号和9号)却无人死亡。这些幸存者在剑桥街7号的酒吧工作，酒吧为他们提供免费啤酒，因此没有喝水泵抽上来的水。斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。此外，在伦敦的另一个区域，一名妇女和她的女儿从宽街搬来后死于霍乱。该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。有了这个证据，约翰·斯诺就能够宣布水泵抽上来的水携带霍乱病菌。于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。这一干预举措遏制了疾病的蔓

１

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

延。

The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was

later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some

companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water

were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water

事情的真相是宽街水泵抽上来的水被废弃物污染了。此外，斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。有些公司出售的水取自被未处理的废弃物污染的泰晤士河。与饮用纯浄水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。

Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera

around the world saw a substantial decrease。

However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many

die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his

use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is

considered the father of modern epidemiology

经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。然而，霍乱仍是问题。每年全球有数百万人感染霍乱，其中许多人因此丧生。幸运的是，由于约翰・斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。因此，斯诺被誉为现代流行病学之父。

To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle

requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.

----Albert Einstein & Leopold Infeld

译文：提出新的问题，发现新的可能，从新的角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。

Using Language

THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE

中国航天之父

Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.

Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with "great scientific thought and scientific spirit"

who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely

well-respected man.

也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。钱学森备受人们的尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且热爱祖国、勤勉努力、甘于奉献成就斐然。

Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University

to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the

decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to

protect and defend the country.

钱学森1911年生于杭州，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。不过，1932年

２

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。

Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies. Over the course of the 1930s and

1940s, Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology. As a graduate assistant at the California

institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion, and in

the 1940s, he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA'S leading

space-exploration centres.

1935年，钱学森前往美国读研究生。二十世纪三四十年代，钱学森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱人物。二十世纪三十年代担任加州理工学院的研究生助理时，钱学森协助开展火箭推进方面的重要研究工作。二十世纪四十年代，钱学森与其他几人成立了喷气推进实验室，该实验室现已成为美国宇航局领先的太空探索研究中心。

After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US Qian returned to China in 1955. He

received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket

science but also its space and missile programme. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was

undeveloped. No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or

experts in this field in China. Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge.

When asked "Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” his reply was a determined "Why not? We Chinese are

able to make the same things that other people make.”

留学美国的最后几年，钱学森克服困难，于1955年回到中国。他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。那时候，中国还很贫穷，火箭科学尚不发达。中国没有一所学院或大学开设火箭科学专业，而且没有该领域的人才或专家。然而，钱学森并不气馁，而是接受挑战。有人问他:“我们中国人有可能制造出导弹吗?他的回答十分坚定:“有什么不能的，外国人能造出来的，我们中国人同样能造得出来。”

Under Qians leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long

March rockets. In 1970, China successful launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, from a Long

March rocket. Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian's

research, Qian earned the name of "the father of Chinas aerospace.”

在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，紧接着又研制出第一代“长征”系列火箭。1970年，中国使用“长征”火箭成功发射本国第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。由于“神舟”系列火箭的大部分技术也可追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父”

Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable, especially in the area of frontier science research.

However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest

in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his

scientific research.

钱学森博览群书，尤其在前沿科学研究领域知识极其渊博。然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常给科研工作带来灵感。

On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened by Qians death, and people honoured and

remembered him in different ways.

2009年10月31日，钱学森逝世，举国哀痛，人们以各种方式纪念他缅怀他。

３

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT

一个纯思维的世界

Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics. Most people are familiar

with images of him in his wheelchair unable to move and using a computer to talk. Since he came down with a

disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles his world became one of abstract thought.

史蒂芬・霍金是物理学界最负盛名、最具天赋的科学家之一。大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹、只能通过电脑来说话的样子。他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界

Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough to walk, as a graduate student in physics at

Cambridge University in 1964. In general there were two main theories on the origin of the universe. The first

was the steady state theory, which holds that the universe has no beginning or end. The other was the big bang

theory, which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space. The biggest champion of the

steady state concept was Fred Hoyle, a professor at Cambridge. During the question and answer period after one

of Hoyle’s lectures, Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths. Once the

maths was corrected, it showed that the big bang theory—and not the steady state theory—was true. Hawking’s

own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes. A star was born。

霍金最早成名于1964年，当时他身体健康，行动自如，是剑桥大学物理学研究生。总的来说，宇宙起源有两大理论:第一个是稳恒态理论，认为宇宙无始无终;另一个是大爆炸理论，认为宇宙始于时空中的一个点。稳恒态概念的最大拥护者是剑桥大学的弗雷德・霍伊尔教授。在霍伊尔的一次讲座中，霍金在问答环节站了起来，指出霍伊尔教授计算有误。错误纠正之后显示大爆炸理论而非稳恒态理论是正确的。不久，天文学家用望远镜观察宇宙，验证了霍金对大爆炸理论的研究。一位明星就此诞生。

So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius? Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes

careless in what he said or did. He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others

were afraid to dream about. Furthermore, he was quite determined. This had helped him as a scientist, and had

helped him even more in his fight against his disease. Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults. This odd

combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries.

那么，是什么使史蒂芬・霍金成为一名天オ呢?除了才华横溢之外，他还是一个勇敢的人，尽管有时候言行举止比较随意。他敢说别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。此外，他意志坚定。无论是作为一位科学家，还是与病魔作斗争，这种品质对他都大有帮助，最重要的是，霍金敢于承认错误。这些性格特点的奇特组合使得他成为二十世纪与二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一。

Reading and Writing (Workbook)

1 Read the passage and choose the correct answer to complete the statement.

Al AND HUMAN BEINGS

Is it possible to make machines think like humans? This is one question in research in the field of Artificial

Intelligence, or "AI”. To think like a human, it involves feelings, morality, hopes, and dreams, Humans are capable

of making decisions by themselves without input from others, and they can learn from experience.

４

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

有没有可能让机器像人类一样思考？这是人工智能，即 "AI "领域研究中的一个问题。要像人类一样思考，就涉及到感情、道德、希望和梦想，人类能够在不需要他人输入的情况下自己做出决定，并且可以从经验中学习到知识.

In addition, humans are able to create things from their own inspiration for their own pleasure. The

question is whether machines can ever really think in all these aspects.

此外，人类还能根据自己的灵感创造出自己喜欢的东西。问题是，机器是否真的能在所有这些方面进行思考。

The idea of a computer that is all-powerful and can think and make decisions for itself terrifies many

people. In some films, Al even decides that all humans must be killed. Many people are also concerned that AI

will be used to replace humans.

一台全能的电脑，可以自己思考和做决定，这个想法让很多人感到恐惧。在一些电影中，Al甚至决定必须杀死所有的人类。很多人还担心人工智能会被用来取代人类。

Yet others are comforted by the thought of Al, Maybe with Al, robots can be made to replace loved ones

who have died. Today, the creation of an all-powerful computer capable of human thought is still in progress. We

have companion robots, and it is likely that they will grow more important in our lives as time goes by. However,

the need for such robots does not seem to be as critical as our head for intelligent machines that can solve

problems by learning from their observations and experience.

然而也有人因为想到了Al而感到欣慰，也许有了Al，就可以让机器人来代替死去的亲人。如今，能够实现人类思维的全能计算机的创造还在进行中。我们已经有了陪伴机器人，而且随着时间的推移，它们在我们生活中的重要性可能会越来越大。然而，对于这种机器人的需求似乎并不像我们的脑袋那样关键，我们需要的是能够通过观察和经验的学习来解决问题的智能机器。

For example, Al is already being used with great success in Internet search engines and as a personal

assistant in our smartphones. It learns from our habits to help us find what we want and like. Al is also used to

diagnose problems and suggest solutions. Researchers are also experimenting with the use of Al in driverless cars

which can sense their surroundings and decide on the best way to reach a destination. It is also being used in

education, particularly in online courses. Furthermore, industries that use robots for repetitive or dangerous

work often turn to Al to manage these electronic workers. In addition, virtual assistants are also being used in

some homes today. In the near future, it is likely that Al will be used to manage smart homes and handle an even

greater variety of tasks such as setting out favourite clothes and helping us with our personal grooming.

例如，Al已经在互联网搜索引擎和我们智能手机的个人助理中得到了非常成功的应用。它可以从我们的习惯中学习，帮助我们找到我们想要和喜欢的东西。Al还被用来诊断问题并提出解决方案。研究人员还在尝试将Al用于无人驾驶汽车，它可以感知周围环境并决定到达目的地的最佳方式。它还被用于教育，特别是在线课程。此外，那些使用机器人进行重复性或危险性工作的行业往往会求助于Al来管理这些电子工人。此外，如今一些家庭也在使用虚拟助理。在不久的将来，Al很有可能被用来管理智能家居，并处理更多种类的任务，比如摆放喜欢的衣服，帮助我们进行个人修饰。

５

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

The Al of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. Do you think that we can

create a robot that thinks like a human or one that is even more intelligent? If so, is there truly a difference

between AI and a human?

如今的Al已经在很多方面证明了它对人类的优越性。你认为我们可以创造出一个像人类一样思考的机器人，或者是一个更加智能的机器人吗？如果可以，人工智能和人类真的有区别吗？

I am not the same, having seen the moon shine on the other side of the world.

----Mary Anne Radmacher

在世界的另一端看过月光闪耀，我就不会是同样的自己了。

NG CULTURE

Reading and Thinking

WELCOME，XIE LEI

BUSINESS STUDENT BUILDING BRIDGES

“欢迎你，谢蕾!”

商科学生搭建文化交流的桥梁

Six months ago， 19-year-old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and boarded a plane for London.

It was the first time that she had left China. “I was very excited but also quite nervous. I didn’t know what to

expect,” Xie Lei recalled.

半年前，19岁的谢蕾告别家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的班机。这是她第一次离开中国。“我很激动，也很紧张，不知道会发生什么。”谢蕾回忆道。

Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and has come to our university on a

year-long exchange programme. "I chose the exchange programme because I wanted to learn about global

business and improve my English. My ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation, "she explained.

谢蕾在中国一所大学攻读商科，来我校参加为期一年的交流项目。“之所以选择这个交流项目，是因为我想了解全球商务，并提高我的英语水平。我的志向是毕业后在中国创办一家企业。”她解释道。

At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. “You have to get used to a whole new life.” she said.

I had to earn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English names for. When I

got lost, I had to ask passers-by for help, but people here speak fast and use words I’m not familiar with. I ask

them to repeat themselves a lot!”

起初，谢蕾不得不去适应异国他乡的生活。“你必须习惯种全新的生活。”她说，“我得学会使用公共交通，学会要到我不知道英文名称的东西。迷路时，我得向路人求助但是这里的人讲话语速很快，而且使用的是我不熟悉的单词。我老是让他们重复!”

Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family，

６

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

who can help with her adaptation to the new culture. When I miss home, I feel comforted to have a second

family， Xie Lei said “When there’s something I don’t know or understand I can ask them. They are also keen to

learn about China. Laura, the daughter of my host family, wants to study in China in the future. We take turns to

cook each evening. They really love my stir-fried tomatoes and eggs! Laura says she always feels hungry when

she smells it, so I taught her how to cook it, too.

虽然一些留学生住在学校里，但是谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭有助于她适应异国文化。“有第二个家，想家时我会得到些安慰。”谢蕾说。“当我有不知道或不理解的事情时，我可以咨询他们。他们对中国也很感兴趣，我房东的女儿劳拉将来想到中国求学。我们每晚轮流做饭，他们真的很爱吃我做的番茄炒蛋!劳拉说，每次闻到香味，她就感到饥肠辘辘，于是我教她做这道菜。

Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic requirements. The first time that she had to write an essay,

her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he

mainly wanted to know what she thought! Xie Lei was confused because she thought she knew less than other

people. Her tutor advised her to read lots of information in order to form a wise opinion of her own

谢蕾面临的另一个挑战是学业要求。她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过他主要还是想了解她本人的观点!谢蕾困惑不解，因为她觉得自己懂得没有别人多。她的导师建议她广泛阅读文献，形成自己睿智的观点。

Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ participation in class as part of the final result. Students

need to generate ideas, offer examples, apply concepts, and raise questions, as well as give presentations. At first,

Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class

after just a few weeks. “My presentation on traditional Chinese art was a great success, which boosted my

confidence,” she said. “I’ll use these skills back home for presentations. They 'll help me build a strong business

in the future.”

此外，谢蕾发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题并且还要进行展示。刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。“我的中国传统艺术展示非常成功，提升了我的自信心。”她说，“回国后，我会将这些技能运用到展示中，帮助我未来打造一家强大的企业。”

Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. What seemed strange

before now appears quite normal to her. "Engaging in British culture has helped, she said. "As well as studying

hard, I've been involved in social activities. British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more

about it, so I’m keen to share my culture with them. While I‘m learning about business I'm also acting as a

cultural messenger building a bridge between us。

年的交换生生涯现已过半，谢蕾感觉在英国过得轻松自如多了。以前看似奇怪的事情现在对她来说显得十分平常。融入英国文化使我受益匪浅。”她说，“努力学习之余我还参加了一些社交活动。英国人对我们的文化十分着迷渴望了解更多中国文化，因此我也乐于同他们分享。攻读商科的同时，我也扮演着文化使者的角色，在中外文化之间架起一座桥梁。

７

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

We will follow Xie Lei’s progress in later editions, but for now we wish her all the best.

我们会在随后的几期中跟踪报道谢蕾的进展情况，但现在我们祝她一切顺利

Using Language

STUDYING ABROAD

IS IT A GOOD OR A BAD IDEA?

留学:好主意，还是坏主意?

Dear Editor尊敬的编辑:

In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people studying abroad.

Although studying abroad can bring great benefits, I think the disadvantages for young people are greater.

过去几十年里，留学人数急剧增长。尽管留学大有裨益但我认为，留学对年轻人来说是弊大于利

To begin with, many students who study abroad face great economic pressure. That means studying

abroad is just not possible for everyone. Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home

and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg. Studying in China is much more convenient and can

help save money

首先，许多留学生面临着巨大的经济压力，这意味着并非每个人都有留学的可能。国外的学费和生活开销比国内昂贵得多，大部分家庭最终可能要花费一大笔钱。而在中国读书则更加方便，还能省钱。

Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure that comes with studying abroad.

Students must learn how to live in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills. Some may struggle

and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. Other students are not mature

enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. Some students might even

encounter problems with personal safety. In addition, different approaches to teaching and learning may come

as a shock to many students

需要考虑的另一个重要因素是留学所带来的巨大压力。学生必须学会靠有限的语言技能在一个陌生的环境中生活在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些学生可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨，另一些学生则还不够成熟，无法独立应付各种挑战，因而感到苦闷。有些学生甚至会遭遇人身安全问题。此外，不同的教和学的方式对很多学生来说也是一种冲击。

A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits, young people who

study in China also have a great future to look forward to! As China has boomed the educational environment

has improved significantly, with many great universities now available. They have great facilities and outstanding

professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our

country.

最后要考虑的一点是:尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期!随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境己大为改观，优质大学比比皆是。这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培

８

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

养为经济作贡献、进步增强我国实力的年轻人。

To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about

studying abroad you should consider these many factors

综上所述，我们无法否认的事实是:留学有其弊端。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。

Kind regard谨致问候!

Wang Li ( other of twin girls)王丽(一对双胞胎女孩的母亲)

☆ ★ ☆ ★ ☆

Dear Editor尊敬的编辑

Is studying abroad a good idea or not? There are certainly disadvantages, but in my opinion, the

advantages are much greater. As I always tell my son, there are no great difficulties or a person who is brave,

optimistic, and willing to work hard!

留学是个好主意还是坏主意呢?留学当然有其弊端，但我认为利大于弊。我时常告诚我儿子，对勇敢、乐观、愿意拼搏的人来说，世上无难事!

The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth. The education you gain and the experiences you

have will change you for the better. For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will

have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself. Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective

and improve your general competence

留学的第一个好处就是个人成长。你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。例如，由于你需要独自应对各种困难，你一定会变得更加独立。留学还有助于你获得全球视野，提升综合能力。

Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange. Chinese students can be seen as cultural

envoy promoting friendship between nations. International students in China also bring their colourful cultures

here. Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles

and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.

留学的另一个好处是获得更多文化交流的机会。中国留学生可被视为增进国际友谊的文化使者。在华的外国留学生也带来他们丰富多彩的文化。与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。

Finally, studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland.

China’s global outlook, with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative, has helped us make connections across

the world. Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who are highly

competent with languages have leadership and organisational skills, and have strong cultural awareness.

Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provide them with better

career opportunities

９

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

最后，留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。中国“带一路”倡议等项目的全球前景帮助我们与世界建立联系。因此，中国需要更多有オ能、有国际视野、语言能力极强具有领导力和组织能力、拥有强烈文化意识的年轻人。海外求学的学生能够培养这类技能，而这些技能反过来又将为他们带来更好的就业机会。

All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity

while strengthening China and building a shared future for all. I think this life-changing experience is certainly

worthwhile and I hope my child will study abroad in the future.

总而言之，出国留学有助于塑造人格，增加人们对文化多样性的了解，同时增强中国的实力，为大家打造一个共同的未来。我觉得这段改变人生的经历肯定是值得的，我希望孩子将来能出国留学。

Sincerely yours

此致

敬礼

Zhang Yi(ather of one boy)张毅(一个男孩的父亲)

Reading and Writing (Workbook)

Hi there, Aunt Joan

你好，琼姨

How are you? Mum said you asked how I was dong, so let me tell you about my life here.

你还好吗？妈妈说你问我怎么样，所以让我告诉你我在这里的生活。

As you know, I’ve been in China for around a month now. I want to study in a local university which is why I

took those after-school Chinese classes. I decided on China because it's a fast-developing country with trade links

all over the word. Studying here could be useful in finding a good job in trade or business. What's more, Chinese

Culture is really interesting, so choosing to come here was a no-brainer for me!

你也知道，我来到中国已经一个月了。我想在当地的大学里学习 所以我参加了课后中文课。我之所以选择中国，是因为中国是一个快速发展的国家，贸易联系遍布全球。在这里学习可以在贸易或商业领域找到一份好工作。而且，中国文化真的很有趣，所以选择来这里对我来说是个不二之选。

Having said that, China isn’t like I thought it might be. I thought it would be quite old and traditional but in

many ways, the cites are just as modem as back home in Vancouver, only with lots more people! There’s so

much more food to try too, and it’s all delicious! Everywhere I go, I see restaurants and snack stalls—it seems to

be a big part of their culture. Food here is very reasonably priced so it’s great for my budget. The people I meet

are all very welcoming towards me as a foreigner, and I even seem to be a point of interest! However, hardly

anyone speaks English in my area, so it can be a bit overwhelming at times. But I guess that’s why I’m here-to

learn.

不过，中国并不像我想象的那样。我以为这里会很古老、很传统，但在很多方面，这里的城市和温哥华的家乡一样，只是人更多而已。还有更多的食物可以尝试，而且都很好吃。无论我走到哪里，我都能看

１０

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

到餐馆和小吃摊--这似乎是他们文化的重要组成部分。这里的食物价格非常合理，所以很适合我的预算。我遇到的人都非常欢迎我这个外国人，我甚至似乎成了他们的兴趣点！然而，在这里几乎没有人会说英语。然而，在我所在的地区，几乎没有人会说英语，所以有时会有点不知所措。但我想这就是我在这里的原因--学习。

Right now, I’m studying every day for m HSK exam (a Chinese language qualification. But I also get a

chance to explore the city. I usually get up extra early each morning to enjoy a freshly made breakfast on the

street and then I often visit a park, I’m not sure if you know but I’m really interested in tai chi, so I spend a lot of

time in the city parks practising with the locals. There’s a lot of traditional culture still alive in China. The park are

full of people playing traditional instruments, playing Chinese chess, and even writing calligraphy on the ground

with giant paintbrush.

现在，我每天都在为HSK考试（一种中文资格考试）而学习。但我也有机会去探索这个城市。我通常每天早上都会起得特别早，在街上享受新鲜的早餐，然后我经常去公园，我不知道你是否知道，但我对太极拳非常感兴趣，所以我花了很多时间在城市公园里和当地人一起练习。中国有很多传统文化还在延续。公园里有很多人在演奏传统乐器，下中国象棋，甚至用巨大的画笔在地上写书法。

AND CULTURE

Food brings people together on many different levels. It’s nourishment of the soul and body; it’s truly

love. ----Giada De Laurentiis

食物在许多不同的层面上把人们聚集在一起，它是心灵和身体的养料，是真正的爱。——吉娅达•德•劳伦蒂斯

Reading and Thinking

CULTURE AND CUISINE

The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what

you are.” Put more simply, this means “You are what you eat.” Most people today relate this saying to healthy

eating. However, Brillat-savarin was actually referring to our personality, character, and culture.

法国作家让・安泰尔姆・布里亚-萨瓦兰曾写道: “告诉我你平时吃什么，我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。”简单地说，这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。如今，大多数人把这条谚语与健康饮食联系起来“然而，布里亚-萨瓦兰实际上指的是我们的个性、品格及文化。

Certainly, in many ways this seems to be true. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to coming to China,

my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit

American tastes. For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists of

fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, favoured with hot red peppers. This is probably not an authentic Chinese

recipe, however, so it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about

Americans. It tells us, for example, that Americans love bold, simple favours. And since the dish was also invented

recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods.

当然，从很多方面来看，此话不假。中国菜就是个很好的例子。来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式

１１

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

烹任，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。例如，在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煸炒过的红辣椒制成。然而，这或许并不是地道的中餐做法，因此并不能让我们对中国人了解多少。不过在另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。例如，这道菜说明美国人喜爱浓烈、简单的口味。此外，由于这道菜也是新发明，说明美国人不惧怕尝试新的菜品。

Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. When my family and I had

just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been

recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we

had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this,

we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and

different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us.

后来，我来到中国，有机会品尝地道的中国食物。我与家人刚刚抵达中国，便在北京找一个好地方吃饭。一位朋友之前向我们推荐过一家川菜馆，最终我们找到了这家餐馆。我们疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物;那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。于是，我们高高兴兴地体验了种全新的口味:四川花椒。食物妙不可言、与众不同，但更为重要的是我们所获得的友谊。

We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was

boiled dumplings served with vinegar. I observed that family is important to the people there. It has become a

favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair

with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help. Later, I learnt that the most famous food in

Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.

不久，我们到了位于华北东部的山东省。在那里我最喜爱的食物是蘸着醋吃的水饺。我发现那里的人都很重视家庭水饺已成为华北人民最喜爱的一种传统食物:包饺子一直是一项全员参与的家庭活动，无论老少都会加入进来帮忙。后来，我了解到，最有名的山东食物是煎饼卷大葱

Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak and Inner Mongolian. These groups

traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over

an open fire—usually boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab.

随后，我们又到了新疆北部。我们的一些朋友是哈萨克族人和内蒙古人。传统上，他们骑着马在广阔的草原上漫步因此，他们的传统食物在篝火上烹制而成，通常是水煮肉或烤肉，例如羊肉串

Our travels then took us to South China, and then on to central China. In each place we went, we

experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong's elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo

steamers—to the exceptional stewed noodles In Henan. Everywhere, the food was as varied as the people.

However, one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.

接着，我们前往华南，之后又去了华中。我们每到一处，都会品尝当地美食，有广东的精致点心一一那是放在竹蒸笼里笼出来的小份食品，还有河南独特的烩面。所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。然而，有一件事始终不变:每个地方的中国人都通过食物展现友情与善意。

１２

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of

lives they lead, and what they like and do not like. Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold

flavours are bold themselves? Or, that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper? Maybe. Maybe not.

What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can

never really know the other.

当地人的食物种类至少能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物、人们过着怎样的生活以及他们的爱憎。例如，我们是否也能这样推断，喜欢重口味的人性格粗犷?抑或喜欢辛辣食物的人往往牌气火暴也许是的，也许又不是。但是，我们可以确定的是，文化和美食这两者息息相关，如果你没有体验过其中的一个，你就永远无法真正了解另一个。

Using Language

HEALTHY EATING

There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet. For example, scientists have insisted

for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of

poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. Heart disease is the number one killer of Americans. And in

America, people who receive 25%o of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from

heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the American Medical Association, 2014).

This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be. Put more simply, while people continue to

argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer.

当下，何为健康饮食仍众说纷纭。例如，多年来科学家一直认为健康的大敌是高脂肪食物。然而，越来越多的证据表明，导致不良健康的真正因素并非高脂肪食物，而是糖分。心脏病是美国人的头号杀手。在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25％或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10％的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014年)。无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。简单地说当人们还在为高脂肪食物是否有害而争论不休时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康杀手。

Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks. The average American gets 1/3 of his or her

sugar through sweet drinks alone. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less

than 100-150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or

in a single candy bar. In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts, and cut out

sweet drinks altogether.

多余的糖分大多来自甜食和甜饮料。一个普通的美国人单从甜饮料中摄取的糖分就占三分之一。美国心脏协会建议我们将每日糖摄入量限制在100至150卡路里以下，少于一听甜饮料或一块糖果通常所含的糖分。换言之，要想身体健康，就必须少吃甜点，完全禁饮甜饮料。

Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and

vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than processed foods. Processed foods often contain less

nutrition, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients. Besides this, it is also

１３

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for

strong bones and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is key. The ideal diet is a balanced one,

without too much or too little of any one thing.

除此以外，为了保持身体健康，你还可以食用不同种类的新鲜食物，尤其是富含维生素和纤维素的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。此外，饮食中摄取一些肉类、豆类或奶制品也十分重要，因为这些食物为强壮骨骼、肌肉生长提供必要的蛋白质。适量是关键，生活中万事均如此。理想的饮食是均衡饮食，避免过多或过少摄入任何一种成分。

Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. It takes about twenty minutes from the time

you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. What this means is that people who chew too

quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry. Eating slowly also allows your body to digest

your food better, and will allow you to enjoy your food more. In addition, studies show that consistent eating

habits, for example, taking three meals a day at the same time each day, are better for our health. It is also better

to eat a modest amount of food each time, rather than to eat a lot in one meal, and then a little in the next.

最后，健康饮食的基本要诀是细嚼慢咽。开始进食大约20分钟后，你的大脑才会告知你的身体“你吃饱了”。这意味着咀嚼过快的人最终会吃太多食物，因为他们仍然感到饥饿。细嚼慢咽还能让你的身体更好地消化食物、更充分地享受美食。此外，研究表明，有规律的饮食习惯对我们的健康更有好处，例如，每天固定时间食用三餐。而且最好每餐摄入适量的食物，而不是上一餐吃很多，下一餐吃得很少。

There is no one trick to healthy eating. Rather, healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards

food. One question you can ask yourself is, “Do I eat to live, or live to eat?” If you are using food mostly for

nutrition, then you are on the right track with your diet. However, if food has become the centre of your life, you

might be on the road to bad health. It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right

decisions about your diet。

健康饮食没有诀窍。相反，健康饮食始于健康的饮食态度。你可以问自己一个问题:“我是为了活着而吃饭，还是为了吃饭而活着?”如果你吃饭主要是为了汲取营养，那么你已经在饮食上走对了路子。然而，如果食物已成为你生活的核心，那么你可能已踏上不健康之路。你想如何生活如何做出正确的饮食决择，这完全取决于你自己。

Reading and Writing (Workbook)

CONVENIENCE FOOD OR FRESH FOOD?

方便食品还是新鲜食品？

A new survey indicates that young people in China much prefer making fresh food to buying prepared food.

Mei Lin, for example, is 22 and she is a college graduate from Anhui. Mei L has stopped buying cheap food at the

supermarket. "I would much prefer my own bowl of noodles with fresh vegetables and a few spices to the

packaged noodles I can buy in a store. It's fresher and healthier, especially since I lead an active life, " Mei Lin

often goes jogging in the evening and plays tennis at the weekend, in addition to swimming and training for a

marathon in Xiamen in the autumn. She believes her fresh food choices help her stay fit and active.

１４

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

一项新的调查显示，在中国，年轻人更喜欢做新鲜的食物，而不是买准备好的食物。例如，Mei Lin今年22岁，她是来自安徽的一名大学毕业生。Mei Lin已经不再在超市购买廉价食品。"比起在商店里买到的包装面条，我更喜欢自己做一碗加了新鲜蔬菜和一些调料的面条。它更新鲜、更健康，特别是从我过积极的生活开始。"梅琳经常在晚上去慢跑，周末去打网球，此外，她还会游泳，并为秋季在厦门的马拉松训练。她认为，选择新鲜的食物有助于她保持身体健康和活跃。

But the trend isn't one that only women are taking up. Su Bo, a 26-year-old computer programmer in

Shenzhen, says that he has given up eating packaged meals except when he's travelling for work, "For me, it's a

matter of wanting to be healthy and having enough energy. I have a very demanding job, and I need a sharp

mind and strong body. It does take more time to go shopping, but I find my energy levels are higher when I eat

fresh food.” Su Bo used to order many of his meals online, so that he could spend more time working, but he

soon stopped this habit. "I realised it wasn't good to never take a break from my job,” he said. “Besides, the food

often made me ill." For Su Bo this meant cooking his own vegetables, eating less meat, and carrying fruit to work

for lunch.“ Sometimes I buy one or two baozi from the food store on the corner but I usually make and bring my

own lunch to work.” Like Mei Lin, Su Bo insists that eating healthy food helps him with his fitness routine.

但这种趋势并不是只有女性才会接受。深圳26岁的电脑程序员苏波说，除了工作出差的时候，他已经放弃了吃打包的食物，"对我来说，这是一个希望健康和有足够能量的问题。我的工作要求很高，我需要一个敏锐的头脑和强壮的身体。逛街确实需要更多的时间，但我发现吃新鲜食物时，我的能量水平会更高。” 苏波曾经在网上订购了很多饭菜，这样他就可以花更多的时间工作，但他很快就停止了这个习惯。"我意识到，从来不休息的工作是不好的,” 他说, "此外，这些食物经常让我生病。" 对于苏波来说，这意味着他要自己做菜，少吃肉，中午带着水果去上班。" 有时我会在街角的食品店买一两个包子，但我通常会自己做午饭，带着午饭去上班。" 和梅林一样，苏波也坚持吃健康食品有助于他的日常健身。

Both admit that in times of stress or busy periods at work, they do sometimes give in and eat fast food or

packaged meals. "Sometimes I just have to eat something on the run, "says Me Lin, "But I always regret it. I am

so used to my diet now that when I eat less healthy food, I feel tired. I exercise less as a result." Su Bo insists that

he does still sometimes enjoy eating on the go." But I almost always eat healthy meals. Because I live at home

and my mother prefers to eat like I do, we often cook together. It's my father who likes to eat fast food in front of

the TV.” he laughs.

两人都承认，在工作压力大或忙碌的时候，他们有时也会让步，吃快餐或包装食品。"有时候我就是要在边走边吃点东西，"梅林说，"但我总是后悔。我现在已经习惯了自己的饮食习惯，少吃点健康的食物就会觉得累，我的运动量也因此减少了。" 苏波坚持认为，自己有时确实还是喜欢边走边吃。" 但我几乎都是吃健康的饭菜。因为我住在家里，我母亲也喜欢和我一样吃饭，所以我们经常一起做饭。倒是我爸喜欢在电视机前吃快餐。"他笑道

When asked whether their eating habits are common among their age group, both Mel Lin and Su Bo say

they are. Yet, it's not clear whether this food trend will be adopted by other young Chinese people. Are Mel Lin

and Su Bo unique or are they setting a new trend? It's too early to say.

当被问及他们的饮食习惯是否在同龄人中普遍存在时，梅林和苏波都表示是。然而，这种饮食潮流是

１５

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

否会被其他中国年轻人所采用，目前还不得而知。梅林和苏波是独树一帜，还是在引领新的潮流？现在说还为时过早。

Y A CROSS A VAST LAND

Travel far enough, you meet yourself.___ David Mitchell

在一段足够远的旅行中，你会遇到(内心的)自己。

Reading and Thinking

Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast. Rather

than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. For both

of them， the thought of crossing the whole county by rail was exciting.

李黛予和表妹刘倩前往加拿大探望居住在大西洋海岸哈利法克斯市的表兄妹。她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。一想到可以坐火车横穿整个国家，姐妹俩就激动不已。

Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the sights. During their first day, as is

typical of Vancouver, it rained. Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later

visit an island that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques. The next day was clear and mild, and they

were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city. Later they took a pleasant hike in a forest

just a short distance away.

出发前，她们在温哥华待了两天，欣赏当地风光。第一天温哥华一如往常细雨蒙蒙。尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座岛屿。岛上有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。第二天，天气晴朗，温度适宜，她们看到壮美的群山俯瞰着整座城市，甚是欣喜。随后，她们在不远处的森林中徒步旅行，十分惬意

The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian

Rockies. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. When the train

arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise where the blue water literally took their breath away with

its exceptional beauty. They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies

to Jasper. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had

ever taken. In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one highlight of their trip was being

able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.

次日清晨，两个女孩早早起床，登上开往路易斯湖的火车穿越加拿大落基山脉。从车窗往外望去，加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。火车到站后，她们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖。那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，摄人心魄。住了夜之后，她们乘坐长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落基山脉，直达贾斯珀。望着眼前的美景，两人一致认为这是她们所经历过的最棒的一次旅行。除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，旅程的亮点之一是能看到种类繁多的动物，如鹿、山羊、甚至还有一只灰熊和一只老鹰。

１６

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto. One of the train's first stops was in Edmonton, the

provincial capital of Alberta, the centre of Canada's huge oil and gas drilling industry. Edmonton is freezing cold

in winter, with daily temperatures averaging-10C. Since it can be too cold to go outdoors, Edmonton is home to

many shopping malls. In fact, one of the largest shopping malls in North America is in Edmonton.

在贾斯珀，她们坐上了开往多伦多的火车。火车的头几站中有一站是埃德蒙顿，这是阿尔伯塔的省会，也是加拿大庞大的油气开采业中心。埃德蒙顿冬季十分寒冷，日平均气温为零下10摄氏度。由于天寒地冻，不适合户外活动，因此埃德蒙顿拥有众多大型购物中心。事实上，北美最大的购物中心之一就在埃德蒙顿。

From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. At school, Daiyu and Liu Qian

had leant that Canada's population is only slightly over thirty-seven million. However, they did not anticipate

seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed. They went through two wheat-growing provinces, where

they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area.

火车从埃德蒙顿出发，向东南方行驶，一路穿越加拿大大草原。黛予和刘倩在学校学过，加拿大的人口才刚过3700万。但两人还是未曾料想能看到如此辽阔的国度，真是惊叹不已。她们穿越两个种植小麦的省份，看到一片片广阔的农场。

After another day on the train, eventually they were back in an urban area, the city of Winnipeg. From

there, they travelled through the night, and woke up in Ontario — a land of forests and lakes. The train

thundered on, through the rolling hills. The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and

orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada. Night came again,

and the train turned south towards Toronto. When they woke up the next morning and pulled back the curtain,

they could see the wide stretch of Lake Huron—one of the four Great Lakes on Ontario's southern border. It was

not until 9: 30 a m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto. All in all, their trip from Vancouver to

Toronto had taken a duration of four days.

她们在火车上又度过了天，最终回到了都市区域—温尼伯市。从该市出发，她们连夜前行，从梦乡中醒来时火车已抵达森林和湖泊密布的安大略省。火车继续轰隆隆地向前行驶，穿过绵延的群山。窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈红色、金色和橘黄色，地面盖着一层霜，表明加拿大已进入秋季。夜幕再次降临，火车转向南行，开往多伦多。次日清晨，她们醒来，拉开车窗窗帘，辽阔的休伦湖映入眼帘。休伦湖是安大略省南部边境的四大湖之一。上午九点半，她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。从温哥华到多伦多，她们的旅行总共历时四天。

Using Language

SEEING THE TRUE NORTH VIA RAIL:

TORONTO AND MONTREAL

After Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto, the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a

few hours to kill before they had to proceed to the next leg of their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of

the city. They went up the CN Tower and looked across the shores of Lake Ontario. Standing in the distance, they

１７

。

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.

Water from the lake lows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.

李黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多之后仅有几个小时的时间可以消磨，然后就得继续前往旅程的下一站蒙特利尔，于是两人就在市区逛了逛。她们登上加拿大国家电视塔，眺望安大略湖畔。站在远处，她们看到湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布升腾而起的水雾，惊叹不已。湖水流人尼亚加拉河，越过尼亚加拉瀑布，最终汇入大海

The girls saw hundreds of skyscrapers of glass and steel and old-fashioned cars rolling by. As they walked

north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, “Lin Fei, one of my mother’s old schoolmates, lives here. I should

phone her and see if she’s available for dinner.”

两个女孩看到很多玻璃和钢筋建造的摩天大楼，还有老式汽车从身边驶过。离开港口区后，她们向北行走。李黛予说:“我妈妈的老同学林菲就住在这里。我得给她打个电话，看看她是否有空一起吃晚饭。”

They met Lin Fei around dusk over dinner at a restaurant in downtown Chinatown. The cousins chatted

with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier.

黄昏时分，她们在市中心唐人街的一家餐馆里与林菲见了面，并共进晚餐。林菲多年前就来到加拿大生活。表姐妹俩与她畅聊了一番。

“This is the largest Chinatown in Toronto. We have a few more in the Greater Toronto Area, so you can

guess that there are a lot of Chinese people in Canada! Chinese people have been coming here for more than a

hundred years. Therefore, we can get all kinds of great food here from all over China,” Lin Fei told them.

“这是多伦多最大的唐人街。大多伦多地区还有几个唐人街，你们可以猜到加拿大有很多中国人!一百多年来，不断有中国人来到这里。所以，我们在这里能吃到中国各地的各色美食。”林菲告诉她们。

The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal early the next morning. At the station, in contrast to

Toronto, they heard people talking in French. They were surprised to see that all the signs and advertisements

were in French and many people spoke English with an accent.

火车于当天深夜出发，次日一早抵达蒙特利尔。在火车站她们听见人们用法语交谈，这与多伦多形成鲜明对比。两人惊奇地发现所有的标示牌和广告都是用法文写的，而且许多人说英语都有口音。

“We don’t leave until this evening,” said Liu Qian, “Let’s go downtown. Old Montreal Is close to the

water.”

“我们要到傍晚才动身。”刘倩说，“咱们到市区逛逛吧蒙特利尔老城区就在河边。”

They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces along St Paul Street. As

they sat in a restaurant alongside the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.

整个下午，她们穿梭于一家家可爱的小店，拜访圣保罗街边工作坊里的艺术家们。两人在宽阔的圣劳伦斯河边上的

１８

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

“Hello, my name is Jean-Philippe. I’m a photographer.” he said, “and I was wondering where you are

from”

“你们好，我叫让·菲利普，是一名摄影师。”他说道，“请问你们从哪里来?

The girls told him they were from China and were on a train trip across Canada. When they told him they

had only one day in Montreal, he said, “That’s too bad. You owe it to yourselves to stay longer. Overall, Montreal

is a city with wonderful sights and sounds. Most of us speak both English and French, and the city has unique

Quebec culture and traditions. There are fantastic restaurants and clubs around, too. Here, we love good coffee,

toast and cheese. And good music, of course”

姑娘们告诉他，她们来自中国，并且正在进行横跨加拿大的火车之旅。得知她们只能在蒙特利尔逗留一天时，他说道:“那太可惜了，你们应该多待几天。总的来说，蒙特利尔是一座声色俱佳的城市。我们大多数人既说英语，也说法语。这座城市拥有独特的魁北克文化和传统。此外，这里还有很棒的餐馆和酒吧。这里的人酷爱美味的咖啡、吐司和奶酪。当然，还有动听的音乐!”

That night the train was speeding along the St. Lawrence River towards the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to

the distant east coast towards the province of Nova Scotia and its largest city, Halifax. The cousins dreamt happily

of the beautiful cobblestone streets, old brick buildings, and the red maple leaves of Montreal.

当晚，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河向圣劳伦斯湾飞驰，经过远方的东海岸，驶向新斯科舍省及其最大的城市哈利法克斯。在梦乡中，表姐妺俩愉快地回味着蒙特利尔美丽的鹅卵石街道、古老的砖砌建筑和鲜红的枫叶。

Reading and Writing (Workbook)

XU XIAKE'S GUILIN

徐霞客的桂林

It is 10 in the morning, and I am travelling by raft down the Li River. The sun is already burning hot even

though it has not yet reached full strength, but a calm breeze cools my skin. So far the day is wonderful but the

purpose of my trip is not just to have fun: I am following in the footsteps of Xu Xiake (1587-164 1), the famous

Chinese travel write and geographer. Though Xu was from Jiangsu, he spent more than 80 years travelling

throughout the country, and greatly admired my destination today—Ox Gorge.

现在是上午10点，我正乘着竹筏顺着漓江而下。虽然太阳还没有完全晒到，但已经是火辣辣的了，但一阵阵平和的微风却让我的皮肤凉爽起来。到目前为止，今天的天气是美好的，但我此行的目的不仅仅是为了玩乐。我是在追随徐霞客（1587-1641）的脚步，他是中国著名的旅行作家和地理学家。虽然徐是江苏人，但他花了80多年的时间走遍了全国各地，他非常欣赏我今天的目的地---Ox峡谷。

As we flow down the river, we are surrounded by steep hills sticking up into the sky—karsts. Unique

among mountains, karsts were formed over thousands of years as rain drained into the acidic soil and melted the

soft rock, leaving the harder rock behind, Guangxi is full of karsts, giving it some of the most interesting—and

beautiful— scenery in the world. Xu was one of the first people to make a careful study of Guilin’s karsts and

their related cave systems. He, like many people today, found them fascinating.

１９

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

当我们顺着河水往下走的时候，四周都是直插云霄的陡峭山体--喀斯特。喀斯特是山地中独一无二的，是几千年来雨水排入酸性土壤，融化了柔软的岩石，留下了坚硬的岩石，广西到处都是喀斯特，形成了世界上最有趣、最美丽的风景。徐先生是最早对桂林岩溶及其相关洞穴系统进行仔细研究的人之一。他和今天的许多人一样，觉得它们很迷人。

Suddenly, our raft hits some rapids, and I find myself covered in water, I turn to my raftsman and we share

a laugh. The water not only keeps us cool, but it is all part of the adventure.

突然，我们的竹筏遇到了一些急流，我发现自己浑身都是水，我转过身来，和筏工一起哈哈大笑。水不仅让我们感到凉爽，而且这都是冒险的一部分。

What made someone like Xu spend years travelling thousands of kilometres away from home?

Perhaps it's the same reason as mine: to explore the world and to discover new things. As Xu wrote, “A

great man should in the morning be at the blue sea, and in the evening at Mount Cangwu. Why should I restrict

myself to one corner of the world?”

是什么原因让许某人长年累月地在离家数千公里的地方旅行？

也许和我的原因一样：探索世界，发现新事物。正如徐所写的那样："大丈夫当朝游碧海而暮苍梧。为什么要把自己限制在世界的某个角落呢?"

Xu was not alone. Much like today, the late Ming Dynasty was a golden age of tourism within China. People

travelled hundreds of kilometres to visit temples, go mountain climbing, or explore scenery.

徐先生并不孤独，和今天一样，明朝末年是中国国内旅游的黄金时代。人们不远千里去参观寺庙，去爬山，或者去游览风景。

AID

It’s a great honour to save a life. — Leigh Bardugo.

救人一命，善莫大焉。

Reading and Thinking

FIRST AID FOR BURNS

The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. Your skin acts as a barrier against disease,

toxins, and the sun's rays It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much

water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine, getting

burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first

aid

皮肤是人体必不可少的一部分，也是人体最大的器官。皮肤是一道屏障，能阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的侵入。皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。可想而知，烧伤会造成严重后果。在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。

２０

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

CAUSES OF BURNS烧伤的原因

You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or

other chemicals.

很多东西都会造成烧伤:灼热的液体、蒸汽、明火、辐射、太阳光、电流、酸性物质或其他化学品。

TYPES OF BURNS烧伤的种类

Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage

根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤分为三类。

First-degree burns： These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. These burns are not serious.

Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents.

一度烧伤:仅伤及最上层几毫米的皮肤。此类烧伤并不严重，如轻度的晒伤和其他轻微家庭事故造成的烧伤。

Second-degree burns： These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to

get better. Examples include burns caused by hot liquids.

二度烧伤:伤及最上层皮肤以下的部位。此类烧伤较为严重，需要数周时间才能康复，如灼热的液体造成的烧伤

Third-degree burns： These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples

include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal

injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once.

三度烧伤:伤及每一层皮肤，有时甚至伤及皮下组织，如因电击灼伤、衣服着火造成的烧伤，或汽油起火造成的烧伤。此类烧伤会引起非常严重的内部损伤，伤者必须立即送往医院。

CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS烧伤的特点

First-degree burns

 dry, red, and mildly swollen

 mildly painful

 turn white when pressed

Second-degree burns

 red and swollen, blisters: watery surface

 extremely painful

一度烧伤

 干燥、发红、微肿

 微痛

 受压时变白

二度烧伤

 发红、肿胀;起水疱;表层渗液

 极度疼痛

三度烧伤

 皮肤发黑或变白

 肿胀;通常可见皮下组织

２１

Third-degree burns

 black and white

 swollen, the tissue underneath can often be

seen

 little or no pain if nerves are damaged:

maybe painful around the edges of the burn

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

 如神经受损，则微痛或无痛感;创面边缘或有痛感

FIRST-AID TREATMENT急救处理

1 Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes, The cool water stops the burning

process and reduces the pain and swelling.

1.将烧伤部位放在流动的冷水下冲洗，尤其在前十分钟。冷水冲洗可阻止烧伤进程，缓解疼痛和肿胀

2 Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.

2.用干净的布轻轻吸干烧伤部位的水分。

3 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.

3.如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。

4 Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the

heat in the wounds and may cause infection.

4.用干净透气的布盖住烧伤部位。在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。

5 If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.

5.如果烧伤部位在脸上，应确保伤者仍可呼吸。

6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the

hospital at once.

6.如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。

Using Language

Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming

from another table. A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking on some steak. He was now holding

his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.

北京高中生陈伟在吃晚餐，这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声。原来餐馆里一个叫张涛的人被牛排噎住了。只见他按着喉咙，满脸通红，他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。

Chen wasted no time. He got up and ran to Zhang's table at once. With the help of Zhang's friends, he was

able to help Zhang to his feet. Then, standing behind Zhang, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was

instantly forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again. Ten minutes later, an ambulance arrived. The doctors

checked Zhang and made sure that he was fine. They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before

they left.

陈伟毫不迟疑。他立刻起身，跑到张涛桌前。在张涛朋友们的帮助下，陈伟扶着他站了起来。接着，

２２

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

陈伟站在张涛的背后，实施海姆立克急救法。食物瞬间被排出，张涛又能开始呼吸了。十分钟后，救护车赶到。医生们为张涛做了检査，确保他没有大碍。离开前，医生建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。

Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die, leaving no

time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the

Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick

practical, and easy. It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can learn how.

噎食者通常大约四分钟后就会瘫倒在地，有时甚至死亡，等不到救护车的到来。为解决这一问题，1974年美国医生亨利・海姆立克发明了海姆立克急救法，挽救了全世界成千上万人的生命。海姆立克急救法简便、实用、见效快。事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会。

If you see someone choking, first call the emergency , make sure the victim is really choking:

A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction. If this does not

work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his

waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other

hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out.

如果你发现有人被噎住，首先拨打急救电适。然后，确定此人确实是被噎住了:人被噎时是无法说话的。拍打噎食者的背部通常可以将异物排出。如果不奏效，那么你可以实施海姆立克急救法。具体做法是:站在此人身后，用双臂环抱其腰部。只手握拳，置于其上腹部，另一只手紧紧握住拳头，快速用力向上在里挤压。重复上述动作，直至异物排出。

Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child is not recommended, as you may hurt him. Instead, lay the

child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper

back until he can breathe again

不建议对小孩实施海姆立克急救法，因为你可能会伤到他/她。相反，应将孩子脸朝下放在大腿上，使其头部低于身体其他部位，然后用力拍打其上背部，直至他/她恢复呼吸。

With choking victims, every minute counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had

learnt how to give firs aid in school. Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately. Chen

later said about the incident, "How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? We are all humans and we all

have a responsibility to look after one another's welfare”

救助噎食者，分秒必争。不要袖手旁观。幸运的是，陈伟在学校学过急救方法。看到张涛噎住，他保持冷静，且反应迅速。后来，陈伟谈起此事时说道:“我有什么理由坐在那儿袖手旁观呢?大家都是人，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。”

Reading and Writing (Workbook)

IS YOUR HOME SAFE?

您的家安全吗？

Your home can be a dangerous place, but by making it safer you can prevent accidents. The

２３

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

kitchen ,bathroom, and bedroom are where most accidents happen. These can include falls, fires, poisoning ,cuts,

hot water burns, and electric shocks.

您的家可能是一个危险的地方，但通过使它更安全，您可以防止事故的发生。厨房、浴室和卧室是发生事故最多的地方。这些事故包括摔倒、火灾、中毒、割伤、热水烫伤和电击。

THE KITCHEN厨房

 People may slip when the floor is wet so make sure the floor is kept dry.

 Always cut away from your body when you use a knife.

 Follow instructions for all electrical appliances.

 Unplug all appliances after use.

地板潮湿时，人可能会滑倒，所以要确保地板保持干燥。

使用刀子时，一定要从身体向外切。。

遵守所有电器的使用说明。

使用后要拔掉所有电器的插头。

THE BEDROOM卧室

 Never smoke in bed

 Keep a lamp near the bed

 Have a telephone near the bed, especially when you're feeling ill.

 Don’t run electrical wires under carpets.

绝不在床上吸烟

在床边放一盏灯

在床边放一个电话，特别是当你感觉不舒服的时候

不要在地毯下面走电线。

THE BATHROOM洗手间

 Don't plug in an electrical appliance or use one while standing in water.

 Don’t use a hairdryer near a bath containing water.

 Keep the bathroom floor dry.

 Make sure that your hot water heater is set at a low temperature

不要在水中站立时插电器插头或使用电器。

不要在有水的浴缸附近使用吹风机。

保持浴室地面干燥。

确保您的热水器设置在低温状态。

PREVENTING FIRES预防火灾

Fires can cause terrible damage to your home and terrible injuries to people. If there is a fire, your first

２４

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

priority s getting everyone out of the house safely, and then calling for help. Never go back into a burning

building to save your thing.

火灾会给你的家造成可怕的损失，也会给人们带来可怕的伤害。如果发生火灾，您的首要任务是让每个人都安全地离开房子，然后打电话求救。千万不要回到燃烧的建筑物中去救你的东西。

 Buy clothes, curtains, and toys that do not burn easily

 Use heaters very carefully, as they can set objects on fire.

 Pace them away from furniture when cooking, do not let oil touch the fire or

other sources of heat.

 Check electrical wires a number of times each year to make sure they are in good

condition.

 Switch off your gas and electricity when you will be away from home for a long

time.

 Make sure your home is equipped with fire extinguishers.

购买不容易燃烧的衣服、窗帘、玩具等。

使用加热器时要非常小心，因为它们可能会使物体着火。

烹饪时要远离家具，不要让油接触到火或其他热源。

每年都要检查电线多次，确保电线处于良好状态。

当您长时间不在家时，请关闭您的煤气和电。

确保家中装有灭火器。

CHILDREN AND HOME SAFETY儿童和家庭安全

Homes are not always safe places for young children. Being curious, the may stick their fingers or objects

into dangerous places and end up suffering from electric shocks or getting burnt. In addition, they may try to eat

or drink anything they can find, whether it is food or not. For these reasons, it is important to make your home

safe if you have young children about.

对幼儿来说，家庭并不总是安全的地方。由于好奇心强，他们可能会把手指或物品伸进危险的地方，最终遭受电击或被烫伤。此外，他们可能会尝试吃或喝任何他们能找到的东西，不管它是否是食物。因此，如果您有小孩在身边，让您的家变得安全是很重要的。

 Keep matches out of the reach of children.

 Store all cleaning materials in a locked cupboard.

 Never leave a small child alone in the bath.

 Put covers over electrical outlets.

 Keep all medicines out of the reach of children.

将火柴放在儿童无法触及的地方。

将所有清洁用品存放在上锁的柜子里。

切勿将小孩单独留在浴室内。

在电源插座上加盖。

２５

2020新人教版高二英语选修二课文与翻译

將所有藥物放在兒童無法觸及的地方。

MAKING YOUR HOME SAFE FOR THE ELDERLY让老人的家更安全

The elderly present special challenges, as they may have trouble moving about and can be seriously hurt in

falls. If you have an elderly person in your home, you may need to take some extra measures to make your home

safer.

老年人提出了特殊的挑战，因为他们可能会有行动不便，并可能在跌倒时受到严重伤害。如果您的家中有老人，您可能需要采取一些额外的措施，使您的家更安全。

 Make sure that passages within the home are kept clear.

 Put non-slip bath mats in and next to the bath and shower.

 Put handrails along passage walls and in the bathroom.

确保家中的通道保持畅通。

在浴室和淋浴间内和旁边铺设防滑浴垫。

沿着通道墙壁和在浴室内放置扶手。

２６