综英5复习资料

Unit1

III. Language Work

1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1) The first time I went to Washington D.C. was on the edge of the

 at the beginning of

2) Preparations were in the air around our house before school was even over.

 the whole family were already either actually busy making preparations or enjoying the

ambience

3) In fact, my first trip to Washington was a mobile feast.

 a large enjoyable meal on the train

4) …as if we had never been Black before.

 as if we had never been mistreated for being black.

5) My parents wouldn't speak of this injustice, not because they had contributed to it.

had partially caused

6) My fury was not going to be acknowledged by a like fury.

 was not going to be openly sympathized with by people displaying a similar anger

一、Translating Sentences

1. 我自己还没有看过，不过大家都认为是一部好片子。(suppose)

I haven't seen it myself, but it is supposed to be a really good movie.

2. 女主人把奶酪切成一口一块的大小，客人们吃起来就方便了。(bite-size)

The hostess cut the cheese into bite-size pieces; therefore, it would be more convenient

for the guests to eat it.

3. 睡眠不足的话，很少有人能够正常生活。(deprive)

No one can function properly if they are deprived of adequate sleep.

4. 他细心地学我的样子，装作什么怪事都没有发生。(copy)

He carefully copied my pretense that nothing unusual had occurred.

5. 他上台后发布的第一项法令就是禁止私人拥有枪支。(decree)

The first decree he issued after he came into office was that private ownership of guns

(should) be banned.

6. 我就是来看他那被说得神乎其神的脚法的。(fabled)

I've come to see his fabled footwork that people talk so much about.

7. 我不是一个严格意义上的教师，因为我没有接受过训练，但是我有丰富的教学经验。(proper)

I'm not a teacher proper, since I haven't been trained, but I've had a lot of teaching experience.

8. 学生通常都会在考试之前猜考试题目。(anticipate)

Students tend to anticipate what questions they will be asked on the examination.

二、Translate the following into Chinese.

It would be fatal for America to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the

determination of the Negro. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not

pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an

end, but a beginning. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is

granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of

our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

如果美国对此时此刻的迫切性视而不见，低估黑人的决心，那么这对美国的命运来说将是致命的。自由平等、令人心旷神怡的秋天遥遥无期，黑人正当愤怒的闷热夏季就不会消失。1963年并不是终结，而是一个开端。只要黑人得不到公民权益，美国就不可能有安宁和稳定。反抗的旋风会继续撼动这个国家的根基，直到光明正义的日子来临。

1. Perhaps it would go away, deprived of her attention.

Mother meant to deliberately overlook whatever she did not like and could not change.

2. School let out in June to the end of July.

From June to the end of July school closed for the summer vacation.

3. I spent the afternoon squinting up at monuments to freedom and past presidencies and

democracy.

Literarily, the writer was unable to open wide her eyes due to the dazzling sunlight as well as her

eyes defect. Figuratively, the freedom, equality and democracy all American citizens were

allegedly entitled to were simply distorted images in the author’s eyes.

4. Mother was bright and father was brown, the three of us girls step-standards in between.

Mother was bright and father brown, and the three of us girls represented gradations from bright to

brown.

5. Indoors, the soda fountain was dim and fan-cooled, deliciously relieving to my scorched

eyes.

Inside the Breyer’s, the soda fountain was so dim and the air so cool that the pain of my eyes was

wonderfully lessened.

6. No one would answer my emphatic questions with anything other than a guilty silence.

My forcefully question got no response from my family; they remained silent as if they had done

something wrong and shameful walking into Breyer’s.

7. My fury was not going to be acknowledged by like fury:

My anger was not going to be noticed or sympathized with by my family members who were

similarly angry, though.

Unit2

III. Language Work

1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1). Forcibly, she walked us the seven long, hilly blocks from our home to school, depositing our

defiant tearful faces before the stern principal.

 escorted on foot; leaving the two of us, hostile and tearful

2. The room smelled like Chinese medicine, an imported faraway mustiness.

 unfamiliar exotic stale damp smell

3. Being ten years old, I had better things to learn than ideographs?

 would rather learn other things than

4. More times than not, I had tried to disassociate myself from the nagging loud voice?

fairly frequently

5. Chinese sounded pedestrian. Public.

 dull and, what's more, lacking individualities

6. No matter how hard she tried, "Ruth" always ended up "Luth" or "Roof".

 eventually became the unintended

一、1). 现在有些家长对子女要求太高，要他们学英语，学钢琴，学画画，什么都要学。(be

hard on)

Nowadays, some parents are hard on their sons and daughters, asking them to learn English,

to learn to play the piano, to learn painting, and to learn many things.

2). 他下定决心戒赌，所以看见往日的赌友他惟恐避之不及。(disassociate oneself from)

He is determined to give up gambling, so when he sees his former gambling friends, he is

more than eager to disassociate himself from their company.

3). 记者们接到严厉的警告，没有官方批准不得前往地震灾区。(stern)

The reporters received a stern warning not to go to the earthquake-stricken area without

official permission.

4). 孩子读书不争气，家长的日子就不好过了。(keep up)

Life is tough for parents whose kids fail to keep up in school.

5). 嫌疑犯打算逃走，但是他的家人把他劝说住了。(dissuade)

The suspect considered sneaking away, but his family managed to dissuade him.

6). 电缆全部是明亮的黄色，以防行人绊脚。(trip over)

The cables are all bright yellow to prevent pedestrians from tripping over them.

7). 他对那个决定深为恼火，举起双臂表示不满。(exasperation)

Infuriated by the decision, he threw up his arms in exasperation.

8). 由于日晒雨淋，这幢老房子门上的漆已经斑痕累累。(blotch)

The paint on the door of this old house has been blotched and striped by years of weathering.

二、1、Instead of playing with our fourth- and fifth-grade friends or sneaking out to the empty

lot to hunt ghosts and animal bones, my brother and I had to go to Chinese school.

My brother and I were unable to walk out quietly and secretly, like other children, to the open field

to play kid’s games, for we were forced to go to Chinese school.

2、“No amount of kicking, screaming, or pleading could dissuade my mother.”

Paraphrase No matter how desperately my brother and I resisted going to the Chinese school,

kicking, yelling, or repeatedly begging, we could not make our mother change her mind.

3、“Forcibly, she walked us the seven long, hilly blocks from our home to school, depositing our

defiant tearful faces before the stern principal.”

ParaphraseFrom our home to school there are seven long groups of buildings bounded by

streets on all sides and erected on hilly slopes. She forced us to walk past these blocks, leaving

both of us in front of the grim and serious headmaster, our faces showing rebellious reluctance

and wet with tears.

4、In Chinatown, the comings and goings of hundreds of Chinese on their daily tasks sounded

chaotic and frenzied.

In Chinatown, large crowds of Chinese were coming and going with their routine responsibilities

in a disorderly, overexcited way.

5、“He was especially hard on my mother.

He treated my mother with severity.

6、“I finally was granted a cultural divorce. I was permitted to stop Chinese school. “

Paraphrase After two years' endeavor to write with an ink pen and recite the Chinese words

with endless meanings, I finally was allowed to stop. I was given permission not to go to Chinese

school any more.

7、“At last, I was one of you; I wasn't one of them. Sadly, I still am.”

Paraphrase In the end, I became one of you; I was no longer one of them. Unfortunately, I am

still a Chinese.

Unit3

III. Language Work

1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

were the condemned men, due to be hanged within the next week or two.

 who were scheduled to be hanged

2. He was a Hindu, a puny wisp of a man, with a shaven head and vague liquid eyes.

 who was a small, thin, and weak man

3. They crowded very close about him, with their hands always on him in a careful, caressing grip.

 holding him firmly and continuously in a careful manner

4. Two warders marched on either side of the prisoner, with their rifles at the slope.

carrying rifles that tilted over their shoulders

5. At each step his muscles slid neatly into place.

 his muscles appeared to be functioning normally

6. …and in two minutes, with a sudden snap, one of us would be gone -- one mind less, one world

less.

 we will lose a man who can also think and reason like us, and who is also a unique individual

like each of us

一、1). 当我女儿听说十二岁以下的儿童不得入场观看那场电影时，她气得双脚直跳。 (up

and down) My daughter started jumping up and down with rage when she heard that children

under the age of 12 were denied admission into the movie.

2). 晚会正进行得火热朝天的时候，警察闯了进来。 (in full tide)

The party was in full tide when the police burst in.

3). 孩子摔倒完全是个意外，当时她正伸手想从架子上拿个娃娃。 (reach out)

The kid fell all by accident; she was just reaching out for a doll on the shelf.

4). 家长在公众场合比在家里对孩子更加宽容。 (tolerant)

Parents are more tolerant of children in public places than at home.

5). 在这次讨论会上，大家提出了不少有趣的想法。 (throw up)

The discussion threw up a lot of interesting ideas.

6). 在公开场合取笑同事很不礼貌。 (poke)

It isn't polite to poke fun at your colleagues in public.

7). 要让贵宾用的话，这个房间还需要好好清扫一下。 (do with sth.)

This room could do with a good cleaning for distinguished guests.

8). 虽然当地政府有这样那样的恐惧，时装节还是顺利地举行了。 (pass off)

The fashion festival passed off peacefully, despite all sorts of fears the local government had.

二、Every afternoon a file of old women passes down the road outside my house, each carrying

a load of firewood. All of them are mummified with age and sun, and all of them are tiny. One day

a poor old creature who could not have been more than four feet tall crept past me under a vast

load of wood. I stopped her and put a five-sou piece into her hand. She answered with a shrill

wail, which was partly gratitude but mainly surprise. I suppose from her point of view, by taking

any notice of her, I seemed almost to be violating a law of nature. She accepted her status as an

old woman, that is to say, as a beast of burden. When a family is traveling it is quite usual to see a

father and a grown-up son riding ahead on donkeys and an old woman following on foot, carrying

the baggage.

参考译文

每天下午都有一批年迈的妇女在我家门前的马路上鱼贯走过，每个人都背着一捆柴火。因为上了年纪再加之常年日晒，她们骨瘦如柴，而且全都长得很矮小。有一天，一个可怜的老太婆蹒跚着从我身旁走过，她身高不满四英尺，背着一大捆柴火。我叫住她，在她手里塞了一枚五苏的硬币。对此，她发出一声尖叫算作回应，部分是出于感激，但主要是因为惊讶。我以为，在她的眼光里，我对她的关注几乎差不多是在触犯一条自然的法则。她心甘情愿地接受一个老妈子的地位，也就是说当一个负重的牲口。经常可以看到一家人外出旅行，父亲和长大成人的儿子骑着毛驴走在前面，而一个老妇人却步行跟在后面，肩上扛着行李。

三、1、We were waiting outside the condemned cells.

We were waiting outside the cells, where prisoners under the death sentence were jailed.

2、The rest of us, magistrates and the like, followed behind.

We, government officials and inspectors, walked behind the warders and the prisoner.

3、I saw the mystery, the unspeakable wrongness, of cutting a life short when it is in full tide.

I found the inexplicable injustice that was being done in putting to an end a prisoner’s life, which

was still in its prime.

4、in two minutes, with a sudden snap, one of us would be gone.

The prisoner, who belonged to us now, would be promptly put to death.

5、“One felt an impulse to sing, to break into a run, to snigger.”

Paraphrase: One felt a sudden urge to sing songs, to start running and to laugh in a

half-suppressed manner.

6、"You will scarcely credit that it took six warders to dislodge him."

Paraphrase: "You will hardly believe that it took six warders to remove him from his fixed

position."

Unit4

III. Language Work

1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1). I didn't know very much about Curie beyond the basics.

 except the most important aspects of her life

2). I was just a girl with little direction…

 having no concrete goals or purposes to attain

3). Marie Curie's own daughters grew into accomplished women in their own right.

 because of their own efforts and talents

4). …for months she'd find places to hide so she could cry her eyes out.

 cry to her heart's content

5). …where she changed her name, enrolled at the Sorbonne -- and walked into history.

 and thus launched her journey to become sb. to remember

6). …Pierre's death marked the defining moment in her mother's life.

 represented the most crucial change

一、1). 研究人员建议，人到老年应该多参加个人或集体的心理和生理活动。 (engage in)

Researchers suggest that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical

activities individually as well as in groups.

2). 他在奥运会上夺冠让他一夜之间成了在家乡受人敬慕的人物。 (toast)

The fact that he won the gold medal at the Olympic Games made him overnight the toast of

his hometown.

3). 许多国家政要前来这里，对他的一生成就表示诚挚的敬意。 (pay homage)

Many states leaders came to pay homage to him for his lifetime achievements.

4). 我认为快速的生活变化和全球化很可能让人们不再单一执著。 (single-minded)

I suppose that the rapid change in life and globalization are apt to make people become less

single-minded.

5). 他没能赢得第二个冠军，浇灭了他对体育活动的热情。 (dampen)

His failure in winning a second championship dampened his enthusiasm for athletic activities.

6). 货币再次出现贬值，经济复苏的期望随之远去。 (fade away)

Expectations for economic recovery faded away when devaluation occurred again.

7). 有些艾滋病人，从HIV病毒入侵到发病，中间会相隔几年。(onset)

In some AIDS patients, there are several years between exposure to HIV virus and the onset

of the illness.

8). 姑娘悲悲凄凄的叙述深深地打动了老太太的心。 (pitiful)

The pitiful story told by the girl deeply softened the old lady's heart.

二、Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts. He

was a son of a bankrupt man, but became a millionaire; a scientist with a love of literature, an

industrialist who managed to remain idealist. He made a fortune but lived a simple life, and

although cheerful in company he was often sad in private. A lover of mankind, he never had a

wife or family to love him; a patriotic son of his native land, he died alone on foreign soil. He

invented a new explosive -- dynamite, to improve the peacetime industries of mining and road

building, but saw it used as a weapon of war to kill and injure his fellow men. During his useful

life he often felt he was useless. World famous for his works, he was never personally well known,

for throughout his life he avoided publicity, but since his death, his name has brought fame and

glory to others.

瑞典发明家和实业家阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔是一个在各方面对比鲜明的人。他是一个破产者的儿子，但成了百万富翁。他是一个科学家，却又爱好文学。他是一个实业家，但坚持理想主义。他很有钱，然而生活简朴。和友人在一起他兴致勃勃，可私下里时常郁郁寡欢。他热爱人类，却未曾有妻子和儿女去关爱他。对祖国他一片赤子之心，却孑然一身，客死异乡。他发明了一种新炸药，以改进采矿和筑路等和平时期工业，但他却目睹炸药被用作战争武器杀伤同伴。在他有用的一生中，他常常感到自己无所作为。他的成就名扬天下，而他自己却始终默默无闻，殊不知他一生总是在回避抛头露面。但是他逝世以后，他的名字却给别人带来了名誉和荣耀。。

三、1、“I was just a girl with little direction, more drawn to words and made-up stories than

to formulas and lab experiments.”

Paraphrase: I was only a girl with almost no guidance. I was more attracted to words and

made-up stories than to formulas and lab experiments.

2、I think I admired that photo so much, not because of Marie Curie and what she stood for but

because she seemed so exotic.

I think the reason why I enjoyed looking at the photo was not because Marie Curie herself was in

the photo, nor because she represented a great woman, but because her image appealed to me.

3、Marie Curie's own daughters grew into accomplished women in their own right.

Marie Curie's own daughters grew up into intelligent successful women through their own effort.

4、She wound up falling in love with Casimir Zorawski.

In the end, she fell in love with Casimir Zorawski.

5、“She was beneath his station, poor, a common nursemaid.”

Paraphrase: As she was a poor ordinary girl in charge of a child, she was beneath him in social

status.

6、“The reality was a lot grittier — and a lot less romantic.”

Paraphrase: The reality was much harder — and far less appealing to the emotions.

7、“They were the toast of the European scientific community, feted lavishly and visited at

home in Paris by acolytes who came from as far away as New Zealand to pay homage.”

Paraphrase: They became the center of attention by the scientists in Europe, honored or

entertained in a special and generous way and visited at home in Paris by faithful admirers who

came from as far away as New Zealand to show great respect.

8、“The metamorphosis was less simple, more serious. A cape of solitude and secrecy fell upon

her shoulders forever.”

Paraphrase: The change she underwent was profound and enduring. She thereafter lived a life of

loneliness and did not communicate much with others.

9、“The Marie Curie that I discovered was no icon but a flesh-and-blood woman.”

Paraphrase: The Marie Curie in my eyes was not a sacred deity at all, but an ordinary woman

with human emotions, human qualities, and human weaknesses.

Unit5

III. Language Work

1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1). For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery.

 the very same thing as

2). And in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate.

 appropriately in agreement with

3). We have held the subject up in every light of which it is capable.

 considered and tried every means in order to deal with the subject

4). …if we make a proper use of those means which the God of nature hath placed in our power.

 has given us at our disposal

5). Three millions of people, armed in the holy cause of liberty, …

 with liberty as our ultimate aim to fight for

6). The battle, sir, is not to the strong alone.

 is not destined to be won by

一、1). 假如从不同的角度看这幅画，你会有更好的感觉。 (light)

If you look at this painting in a different light, you'd feel much better about it.

2). 这位客座演讲者将对同学们讲述我们社会和谐的重要性。 (address)

The guest speaker will address the students on the importance of harmony in our society.

3). 紧张的工作使得人们不再有忧虑和愉悦的空闲。 (room)

The intensity of work leaves little room for personal grief and pleasure.

4). 真正的以学生为中心的教学应该让学生在课堂上畅所欲言。 (freely and without reserve)

The inviolate learner-centered teaching is to let students speak out in class freely and without

reserve.

5). 同样重要的是，教师应该有幽默意识，这绝对是求不得的，而是自然的流露。 (bind and

rivet)

It is equally important to bind and rivet onto teachers a sense of humour which is not

beseeched but instead comes out naturally.

6). 他这个人总是言行不一，所以我当然对他的花言巧语不屑一顾。(spurn) As what he says

never agrees with what he does, I certainly spurn the fine words he mouths to me.

7). 对于反对意见，他非常豁达，与其寻求妥协，他更乐意接受他们的合理性。 (dispose)

He is generously disposed to admit the validity of opposing views rather than consider

reconciliation.

8). 他似乎忠告我们对外语能力不要抱有迷惑的幻想：我们不可能学得到本族人那样的语言。 (delusive phantom)

He seems to advise us not to hug the delusive phantom of hope for a native-like foreign

language ability.

二、Explain the sentences in your own words.

1、Different men often see the same object in different lights.

The same object may be observed and judged from different perspectives by different people.

2、This is no time for ceremony. The question before the house is one of awful moment to this

country.

This is not a time for formalities; this is a time for a prompt decision and immediate actions.

The question the house is faced with is an issue of vital importance to this country.

3、“We are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth, and listen to the song of that siren till

she transforms us into beasts.”

Paraphrase: We tend to turn a blind eye to a painful reality, and listen to the song of that sea

nymph until she changes us completely into animals.

4、For my part, whatever anguish of spirit it may cost, I'm willing to know the whole truth; to

know the worst and to provide for it.

As for me, I’m willing to know the whole truth and be prepared for the worst that might happen,

no matter how much pain I may endure. 5. The insidious smile will prove a snare to your feet.

5、The insidious smile will prove a snare to your feet.

The cunning smile, with which the British recently received our petition, will be a trap for you to

fall into.

6、These are the implements of war and subjugation — the last arguments to which kings

resort.

There are the tools for war and suppression, the last means kings will turn to when all arguments

fall flat.

7、we have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition to arrest

the tyrannical hands of the ministry and Parliament.

We have been humble and submissive in front of the British king, and have begged his Majesty to

intervene and stop the cruelty and injustice of the British colonial ministry and parliament.

8、“The battle is not to the strong alone; it is to the vigilant, the active, the brave.”

Paraphrase: The victory of the battle does not belong to the strong alone; it belongs to the

vigilant, the active, the brave.

9、It is in vain to extenuate the matter.

It is useless to make the situation less serious.

Unit6

III. Language Work

1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1). They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently.

 believe in Christianity and are members of the Christian churches

2). The 1980 election signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes

were concerned.

 insofar as: to the extent that; were concerned: were involved

3). Without reservation, I applaud the freer patterns of today.

 With whole-hearted support

4). For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that

must be corrected.

 to display its inability

5. We have a physical setting of remarkable integrity.

an extraordinarily complete system of physical environment

一、Translating Sentences

1). 假如你要去英国度假，那么你在与天气打赌。 (take the chance)

You take the chance on the weather if you holiday in the UK.

2). 只要超级大国减少核战争的危险，我们便将进入一个较为安全的时代。 (insofar as)

We will be entering a period of less danger insofar as the danger of a nuclear war between

the superpowers is reduced.

3). 面对如此高的死亡率，政府终于下定决心，关闭无证煤矿。 (put the brakes on)

Facing such high mortality, the government is determined to put the brakes on unlicensed

coal mining.

4). 这条路沿海岸线延伸了几英里，然后转向内陆。 (cling to)

The road clings to the coastline for several miles, and then it turns inland.

5). 持续多年的内战已使国家走向赤贫的边缘。(destitution)

The civil war that lasted for years has driven the country to the verge of destitution.

6). 随着这些孩子在社会温暖的关爱下渐渐长大，故而生活的痛苦记忆也就渐渐淡忘了。

(fade away)

As the children grew up with the warmth of social care, memories of the bitterness of their

orphanhood faded away.

7). 上了岁数的人要与过去的条条框框决裂，显得不守旧，着实不易。 (break out of old

restraints)

It is astonishingly hard for the aged to break out of old restraints in order not to appear

conservative.

8). 据报道，与海外华人的捐赠相比，国内富足一族为慈善事业掏出的钱少得可怜。 (pitifully)

It is reported that what the rich at home have contributed to charity is pitifully insignificant,

compared with the donations made by the overseas Chinese.

二、Translate the following into Chinese.

The paradoxes are everywhere. We are able to believe that our government is weak, stupid,

overbearing, dishonest, and inefficient, and at the same time we are deeply convinced that it is

the best government in the world, and we would like to impose it upon everyone else. We speak

of the American way of life as though it involved the ground rules for the governance of heaven.

We shout that we are a nation of laws, not men — and then proceed to break every law we can if

we can get away with it. We proudly insist that we base our political positions on the issues —

and we will vote against a man because of his religion, his name, or the shape of his nose.

悖论随处可见。我们可以认为我们的政府软弱、愚蠢、专横、虚伪、低效，但同时我们又深信它是世界上最好的政府，恨不得把它强加给世界上所有其他的国家。说起美国生活方式，似乎它是天堂完美秩序的人间翻版。我们叫嚷我国是法治而非人治的国家，然而只要能逃避法律的制裁，我们会不假思索地去违反任何法律。我们自豪地坚称我们的政治立场依据事物的是非曲直而定，可是我们不投某人的票常常是由于不喜欢他的宗教信仰、他的姓名甚至他鼻子的形状。

三、Explain the sentences in your own words.

1、“The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a

decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned.”

Paraphrase: The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, indicated

a definite change to the right in terms of the voters' political and social attitudes.

2、Some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs.

some kind of social welfare assistance must be provided for those who are not able to find any

jobs.

3、I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop.”

Paraphrase:I am shocked that this dreadful condition should have been allowed to exist and

deteriorate.

4、This dreadful social sickness has now overtaken the United States.

Paraphrase: America has now been seized by this terrible social illness.

5、“For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure

that must be corrected.”

Paraphrase: For a powerful nation its inability to provide housing for its young married couples

is equivalent to acknowledging a failure that must be put right.