你是chairman,可你不是位女士吗?

你是chairman，可你不是位女士吗？

作者：常玉田

来源：《英语世界》2021年第12期

大學校园里，偶尔望一眼窗外，但见巾帼缤纷，满眼裙钗靓丽，尤其是财经类外语类院校，男孩子向来是少数派。收回目光，再看一眼桌面上的几十份英文简历，往往却会发现须眉为主，鲜见女生。

对，这正是本文的主题：就笔者收集资料的来源而言，英语专业的学生中女生比例奇高，但她们所写的个人英文简历中触目皆是自称男生的，汉译英作业中表示女性的词语，在她们笔下经常秒变男性。口说无凭，罗列一个句子的全班译文为证：

例1. 我拿过校级女乒赛单打冠军，现在是校乒乓球协会主席。

D1. I have won women’s singles table tennis match of my school， and now I take the chairman

of the school-level table tennis association.

D2. I have got the first place in women’s singles table tennis of school and now I am the

chairmen of the table tennis association of our school.

D3. I won the championship of women’s single table tennis in my school and now I am the

chairman of the school’s table tennis club.

D4. I was the women’s singles champion of UIBE’s ping pong competition. At present I am the

chairman of UIBE ping pong association.

D5. I won the women’s singles table tennis championship in our school， and now I’m the

chairman of the table tennis club of our school.

D6. I had come first in women’s singles table tennis match of the school and now I am the

chairman of our school’s table-tennis association

D7. I have been a champion of women’s singles table tennis in our school， and now I am the

chairman of the table tennis association in our school.

D8. I have ever gotten the singles school-level table tennis champion， and now I am the

chairman of our school table tennis association.

D9. I have won the championship of women’s table tennis competition in our school and

currently I am the chairman of the Table Tennis Association in our school.

D10. I took the woman’s single table tennis championship of school level. And now i am the

chairman of the school table tennis association.

D11. I have won the woman single gold of the Pingpang competition on a school level and now

is the chairman of School Table Tennis Association.

D12. I was awarded the championship of our school level single table tennis competition. Now i

am the chairman of our school’s table tennis association.

D13. I have ever won the women’s single championship in the school’s table tennis competition

and now I’m the chairman of the school table tennis association.

D14. I once won the championship of women’s singles at the school table tennis competition and

now I am the chairman of the school table tennis association.

D15. I have won the championship of school women’s table tennis competition and I’m

Chairman for Ping-pong Association of school.

D16. I have won the women’s singles champion on the school women’s table tennis match， and

now I’m the chairman of the school table tennis association.

D17. I have won the champion at the women’s singles table tennis match of my school and now I

am the chairman of the table tennis association of my school.

这是某学期的第一次作业中的一句，共计34名学生，其中女生31人。为了叙述方便，笔者在每个版本之前用英文字母做了标记，D表示“错”，C表示“差”，B表示“对”，A则表示“又對又好”。如果同一个“级别”出现了多个译文，则在字母后面增加数字以示区别，同时以画线和黑体加粗的形式提示问题所在。所有译文的所有细节均为学生作业的“原生态”，笔者没有造假。

D1至D17用的都是chairman，正好占全班的一半，其共同问题便是本文的主题：原文是“女乒赛”，主人公理当是个女的。推测翻译的过程，极有可能是这个样子的：现在“我”是校乒乓球协会的“主席”。“主席”的英语单词以前背过的是chairman，于是写下了这个单词;也有可能是用了机器翻译却又懒得修改。

笔者认为，在学校做作业或参加考试，错了一个词也许只扣0.5分甚至不扣分，但在个人简历、求职信、个人阐述中男女不分甚至性别倒错，伤害的是自己，耽误的是自己。

与这个词有关的语篇意义是：英语国家先后都出现过女权运动，如今尽量避免性别歧视早已成为社会舆论和公共传媒的主流做法。表现在词语上，举例来说：postman已用letter carrier取代;newsman如今统称journalist;workman要换用worker或employee之类;businessmen渐渐少见，businesspersons成了常见替代;等等。回到本文中来，一些女权主义者一提chairman这个词

就恨得牙痒痒，别人提出chairwoman来与男性平分天下，仍然有人认为这么区分依旧是在性别歧视，于是现在通行chairperson或chair。

下面D18至D25以及C类和B类译文都采用了director、president、chief等别的词。

D18. I won the champion of table tennis in women’ singles， and now I am master of the ping-pang association in my school.

D19. I’ve ever won the school table tennis women’s singles champion. And now I am the

president of the Table Tennis Association in the university.

D20. I have won the women’s single’s champion of our school’s table tennis competition and I

am the director of my school’s table tennis association now.

D21. I have won the champion in the University Women’s Singles Ping-pong Match and now， I

am president of our school’s Ping-pong Association.

D22. I have won the champion of women’s singles table tennis contest in my school， and now I

am the president of the Table Tennis Association in my school.

D23. I won the school-level table tennis women’s singles champion. Now I am the chairwoman

of school table tennis association.

D16至D23的共同问题是won the champion，这一动宾搭配的问题与“获得三好学生”译成won the Honors Student一样，道理敬请参看本刊2017年第7期“你不能就这样get‘三好学生’”一文中对D1至D3的简评，这里仅举一个简单化的类比例子：人们可以win a championship，但若想win a champion则需要先去买彩票或进赌场。

D24. I won the school Table Tennis women’s single championship and now I am the chief of the

school Table Tennis Institution.

D25. In Table Tennis Championships， I have won a championship in women’s single and now

take charge of president of Table Tennis Association.

D26. I had won the school-level Women’s Table Tennis Singles championship， and now is the

chairwoman of our school’s table tennis club.

D16. I have won the women’s singles champion on the school women’s table tennis match， and

now I’m the chairman of the school table tennis association.

D17. I have won the champion at the women’s singles table tennis match of my school and now I

am the chairman of the table tennis association of my school.

这是某学期的第一次作业中的一句，共计34名学生，其中女生31人。为了叙述方便，笔者在每个版本之前用英文字母做了标记，D表示“错”，C表示“差”，B表示“对”，A则表示“又对又好”。如果同一个“级别”出现了多个译文，则在字母后面增加数字以示区别，同时以画线和黑体加粗的形式提示问题所在。所有译文的所有细节均为学生作业的“原生态”，笔者没有造假。

D1至D17用的都是chairman，正好占全班的一半，其共同问题便是本文的主题：原文是“女乒赛”，主人公理当是个女的。推测翻译的过程，极有可能是这个样子的：现在“我”是校乒乓球协会的“主席”。“主席”的英语单词以前背过的是chairman，于是写下了这个单词;也有可能是用了机器翻译却又懒得修改。

笔者认为，在学校做作业或参加考试，错了一个词也许只扣0.5分甚至不扣分，但在个人简历、求职信、个人阐述中男女不分甚至性别倒错，伤害的是自己，耽误的是自己。

与这个词有关的语篇意义是：英语国家先后都出现过女权运动，如今尽量避免性别歧视早已成为社会舆论和公共传媒的主流做法。表现在词语上，举例来说：postman已用letter carrier取代;newsman如今统称journalist;workman要换用worker或employee之类;businessmen渐渐少见，businesspersons成了常见替代;等等。回到本文中来，一些女权主义者一提chairman这个词就恨得牙痒痒，别人提出chairwoman来与男性平分天下，仍然有人认为这么区分依旧是在性别歧视，于是现在通行chairperson或chair。

下面D18至D25以及C类和B类译文都采用了director、president、chief等别的词。

D18. I won the champion of table tennis in women’ singles， and now I am master of the ping-pang association in my school.

D19. I’ve ever won the school table tennis women’s singles champion. And now I am the

president of the Table Tennis Association in the university.

D20. I have won the women’s single’s champion of our school’s table tennis competition and I

am the director of my school’s table tennis association now.

D21. I have won the champion in the University Women’s Singles Ping-pong Match and now， I

am president of our school’s Ping-pong Association.

D22. I have won the champion of women’s singles table tennis contest in my school， and now I

am the president of the Table Tennis Association in my school.

D23. I won the school-level table tennis women’s singles champion. Now I am the chairwoman

of school table tennis association.

D16至D23的共同問题是won the champion，这一动宾搭配的问题与“获得三好学生”译成won the Honors Student一样，道理敬请参看本刊2017年第7期“你不能就这样get‘三好学生’”一文中对D1至D3的简评，这里仅举一个简单化的类比例子：人们可以win a championship，但若想win a champion则需要先去买彩票或进赌场。

D24. I won the school Table Tennis women’s single championship and now I am the chief of the

school Table Tennis Institution.

D25. In Table Tennis Championships， I have won a championship in women’s single and now

take charge of president of Table Tennis Association.

D26. I had won the school-level Women’s Table Tennis Singles championship， and now is the

chairwoman of our school’s table tennis club.