雅思阅读真题40句英译中含参考译文和解析

雅思阅读长难句翻译练习

1. His approach to the problems that had worried writers throughout the

late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical.（定从）

2. The overwhelming consensus was that virtually all the teacher-subjects would refuse to obey the experimenter.（表语从句）

3. People worry that the endless rise in the amount of stuff everyone throws

away will cause the world to run out of places to dispose of waste.（宾从，定从）

4. One form of pollution--- the release of greenhouse gases that causes global

warming --- does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well

into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to pose a devastating problem.

（插入语、定从）

5. An action such as shocking a victim, which in isolation appears evil,

acquires a completely different meaning when placed in this setting.（定从，非谓语）

6. Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large

dams at Aswan in the south of Egypt, which hold back virtually all of

the sediment that used to flow down the river.（定从）

7. It sounds paradoxical, because the idea behind this hypothesis is that the red

pigment is made in autumn leaves to protect chlorophyll, the light-absorbing

chemical, from too much light. （同位从，同位语）

8. It has also been proposed that trees may produce vivid red colors to convince

herbivorous insects that they are healthy and robust and would be easily able

to mount chemical defenses against infestation. （宾从）

9. Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously all

concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right

decision and will be given full attention.（宾从，被动）

10. It is highly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an

eighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours,

should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the

heyday of the middle class.（插入语、名从）

11. There has also been a renaissance in communal cheese production in the

area, providing the locals with a reliable source of income that does not

depend on outside visitors.（非谓语、定从）

12. The explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of

Melbourne suggests a recent change in many people's preferences as to

where they live.（介词短语后置）

13. Researchers, now analyzing the results of data gathered in 1994, say arthritis,

high blood pressure and circulation problems — the major medical

complaints in this age group are troubling a smaller proportion every year.（插入语、名从）

14. However, public infrastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl, causing

massive congestion problems which now make commuting times far higher.（非谓语、定从）

15. It is only when the faculty of smell is impaired for some reason that we begin

to realize the essential role the sense of smell plays in our sense of well-being.

(强调句)

16. Such associations can be powerful enough so that odors that we would

generally label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would

generally consider fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals.

(定语从句)

17. The reason often given for the low regard in which smell is held is that, in

comparison with its importance among animals, the human sense of smell is

feeble and undeveloped. (定语从句、表语从句)

18. It was only with the growth of paediatrics and psychology in the twentieth

century that studies could be carried out on a more objective, if still not

always very scientific, basis. (强调句 、插入语)

19. To think of geniuses and the gifted as having uniquely different brains is only

reasonable if we accept that each human brain is uniquely different. (不定式做主语)

20. The continuous and reckless use of synthetic chemicals for the control of

pests which pose a threat to agricultural crops and human health is proving

to be counter-productive. (定语从句)

21. One disadvantage is that some species are not collected as they either avoid

the traps or do not commonly encounter them while foraging. (表语从句、原因状语从句)

22. The majority of geo-engineering projects so far carried out - which include

planting forests in deserts and depositing iron in the ocean to stimulate the

growth of algae – have focused on achieving a general cooling of the Earth.

(插入语)

23. In early ganzfeld experiments, the telepathy test involved identification of a

picture chosen from a random selection of four taken from a large image

bank. (介词短语修饰)

24. What we appreciate, enjoy or marvel at in the works of genius or the

achievements of prodigies are the manifestations of skills or abilities which

are similar to, but so much superior to, our own. (主语从句)

25. For taxonomy, or classification, long series, from a single nest, which contain

all castes (workers, including majors and minors, and, if present, queens and

males) are desirable, to allow the determination of variation within species.

(插入语 、定语从句)

26. This means that a forest policy is vital, that it must transcend national

frontiers and generations of people, and that it must allow for the inevitable

change. （名从）

27. Greenberg is in a minority fellow linguists, most of whom favor the notion of

a great many waves of migration to account for the more than 1000

languages spoken at one time by American Indian. （定从）

28. Their physiological arousal also declined quickly to the same levels as those

of the control subjects.（比较句）

29. A third reason why the writing of original science in English was delayed

may have been to do with the linguistic inadequacy of English in the early

modern period.（定从）

30. Annual flooding brought in new, nutrient-rich soil to the delta region,

replacing what had been washed away by the sea, and dispensing with

the need for fertilizers in Egypt's richest food-growing area.（非谓语作状语）

31. Another factor that may boost the prospects for Al in the near future is

that investors are now looking for firms using clever technology, rather

than just a clever business model, to differentiate themselves.（定从，表从）

32. Computer software can be 'exported' without ever loading it onto a ship,

simply by transmitting it over telephone lines from one country to another,

so freight rates and cargo-handling schedules become insignificant factors in

deciding where to make the product.（被动）

33. The results of a 14-year study to be announced later this month reveal that

the diseases associated with old age are afflicting fewer and fewer people

and when they do strike, it is much later in life.（非谓语，宾从）

34. Studies show that we invariably take more gambles when threatens with a

loss than when offered with a reward.（比较句）

35. To reach an exceptionally high standard in any area very able children need

the means to learn, which includes material to work with and focused

challenging tuition - and the encouragement to follow their dream.（定从）

36. They could sail out for days into the unknown and assess the area, secure in

the knowledge that if they did not find anything, they could turn about and

catch a swift ride back on the trade winds. （同位从）

37. Like most amphibians these begin life in a juvenile ‘tadpole’ state, then

metamorphose into the adult form – except for one species, the axolotl,

which famously lives its entire life as a juvenile.（定从，同位语）

38. But such transits have paved the way for what might prove to be one of the

most vital breakthroughs in the cosmos-detecting Earth-sized planets orbiting

other stars.（非谓语）

39. These discoveries have led to the field known as neuroeconomics, which

studies the brain’s secrets to success in an economic environment that

demands innovation and being able to do things differently from competitors.（非谓语，定从）

40. The single undersea turbine farm would produce far more power than

needed for the Channel Islands and most would be fed into the French Grid

and be re-imported into Britain via the cable under the Channel.（被动）

参考翻译：

1.他的办法对于解决困扰17世纪后半叶以及18世纪前半叶作家们的问题是非常实际可行的。

2.绝大部分人意见一致，他们认为所有的老师实验对象都会拒绝遵守实验者的要求。

3.人们担心每个人所丢弃的垃圾无止尽的增长，会让地球最终没有地方可以去处理这些垃圾。

4.有一种污染形式，即导致全球变暖的温室气体的排放，似乎会在未来长期存在，但是其总效应却不大可能会带来特别严重的问题。

5.电击受害者这种行为，单独来看似乎很邪恶，但在这种情况下却有了完全不一样的含义。

6.直到现在，人们把三角洲水土的流失归因于埃及南部阿斯旺的两个大坝，这两个大坝阻拦了几乎所有曾经流向河流的沉积物。

7.这似乎听起来是矛盾的，因为这一假设背后的观念是红色素是产生于秋天并用于保护叶绿素（一种吸光的化学物质）免于阳光的照射。

8.也有人提出，树会产生显眼的红色来使得食草的昆虫确信他们是健康并强壮的，并且将容易增加对抗细菌滋生的化学防御物。

9.领导应当鼓励每个人做出贡献，同时要关心每一个建议对于做出正确的决策都是至关重要的，并且（每个建议）都会被给予足够的关注。

Jahnson博士是18世纪的文学巨匠，他在当时和现在一样的颇有名气，他在中产阶级鼎盛时期出版字典是非常合适的行为。

11.当地的芝士产量也得到了复苏，为当地的人们提供了稳定的收入来源，不需要依靠外来的旅游者。

12.墨尔本内城区对住宿的需求增加表明了人们对居住地的偏好。

13.研究者分析了1994年收集的数据结果，他们说关节炎，高血压和循环问题----这个年龄段最严重的问题----每年困扰的人数在减少。

14.但是，公共基础设施无法跟上城市扩张的脚步，导致了交通拥堵问题，这使得上下班的时间大大延长。

15.只有当嗅觉因某种原因受损而失灵的情况时，我们才开始意识到嗅觉在我们幸福感中所扮演的重要角色。

16.这样的联系在强到一定程度时，会让大众普遍不喜欢的气味变得令特定个体愉快，也会让大众公认为芬芳的气味变得让特定个体讨厌。

17.嗅觉不受重视的原因是：与嗅觉在动物中的重要性相比，人类的嗅觉较弱且不发达。

18.直到20世纪，随着儿科学和心理学的发展，相关研究才得以在更加客观的基础上进行——尽管依然并不总是很科学。

19.只有在承认了每个人的大脑都是独特的这个前提下，认为天才和有天赋者的大脑独一无二、异于常人这一想法才能算是合理的。

20.为了控制害虫，人们不停地大肆使用人工合成的化学药物，而事实证明，这一行为适得其反，给农作物和人类健康带来了威胁。

21.一个缺点是，有的物种无法采集，因为它们要么会避开陷阱，要么他们在觅食时碰不到这些陷阱。

22.迄今，大部分实施的地质工程项目都旨在让地球全面降温，这些项目包括在沙漠中植树，在海洋中放入铁来刺激藻类植物的生长。

23.在早期ganzfeld实验中，心灵感应测试包含识别从大型图片库中随机选择的四张图片中的其中一张。

24.我们欣赏、喜爱和惊叹于天才的作品或神童的成就的之处就在于，这体现了他们的技能和本领。这些技能和本领虽然与我们的相似，却远远高于我们的水平。

25.对分类学来说（也就是归类），为了确定物种的变种，来自一个蚁巢的一系列样本是需要的，这个蚁巢包含所有蚁种（包括主要的和次要的工蚁，也包括可能存在的蚁后和蚁王）。

26.这意味着森林政策很重要，它必须要超越国界和几代人，并允许有不可避免的变化。

erg在同行的语言学家中属于少数派，大部分语言学家赞成的观点是：大量的移民潮是美洲印第安人曾同一时间使用1000多种语言的原因。

28.他们的生理激发水平也很快下降到与那些参照实验者一样的水平。

29.原创科学迟迟未用英文书写的第三个原因可能是与近代早期英语语言还不发达有关系。

30.每年的洪水带来新的营养丰富的土壤到三角洲地区，替换那些被海水冲刷走的土壤，并免去了为埃及粮食产量最发达的地区提供肥料的必要性。

31.在不久的将来，另外一个可能让人工智能得到极大发展的原因是，投资者正在寻求一种能够使用高科技的公司来使自己和别人有所区别，而不是只有聪明的商业模式。

32.电脑软件不需要装船就可以被出口，只是简单的通过一个国家到另一个国家之间的电话线进行传送，因而在决定在哪里生产货物的问题上，运输的速率和货物装卸表已经不重要了。

33.14年的研究结果这个月底将公布出来，其结果显示，与老年有关的疾病正在折磨越来越少的人，当这些疾病爆发的时候，年龄也推迟了许多。

34.研究表明，我们总是在面对威胁而不是获得奖赏时更加去冒险。

35.在任何领域要达到格外高的标准，那些非常有能力的小孩需要学习的方法，这包括学习的材料和集中式难度大的课程，以及对他们追求梦想的鼓励。

36.他们能够驶出数天进入未知海域并且评估这个区域，因为他们知道如果他们什么也没有找到，他们也能够调头并且搭上顺风回家。

37.像大多数的两栖动物一样，这些（动物）也是以幼体的受精卵状态开始的生命，然后变形成为成年形式 – 除了蝾螈一个物种，它们以一生都以幼体方式生活而著名。

38.但是这样的凌日现象为宇宙中最关键的突破开辟了道路 – 探测与地球等同体积并围绕其他恒星旋转的星球。

39.这些发现引起了一个新的领域：神经经济学。它研究的是大脑在经济环境下成功的秘诀。经济环境中需要创新以及与竞争者做事情有所不同的能力。

40.唯一的海底涡轮机农场可以生产比海峡群岛需求的更多的电力，并且大部分将被输入法国电网，并重新通过海底电缆进口回英国。

40句英译中解析

句1：His approach to the problems was intensely practical是句子的主干核心部分，that had worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early

eighteenth centuries是修饰problems的定语从句。翻译时，可以先翻译主句，

再翻译从句，而且定语从句一般要放在被修饰的名词前面。Practical意为“实用的”。

句2：subjects在实验型文章中意为“实验对象”，这是熟词僻义，要积累。obey意为“服从”。Overwhelming意为“压倒性的”。

句3：the endless rise in the amount of stuff will cause the world to run out of

places to dispose of waste这是从句中的主干核心部分，everyone throws away是修饰stuff，翻译时要放在stuff前面。

句4：form作名词时意为“形式”，作动词时意为“形成”，此处是作名词。that causes global warming 修饰greenhouse gases，the release of greenhouse

gases要翻译成“温室气体的排放”。that is going to extend well into our future修饰phenomenon。

句5：shocking在该句中意为“电击”，in isolation“孤立地，单独地”，修饰appears 这个动作，appears意为“似乎是”，in this setting意为“在这种情况下”。

句6：blame A on B意为“把A归咎于B”。this loss of delta land是A of B结构，delta land 是指“三角洲“。which hold back virtually all of the sediment 是修饰two large dams的定语从句，that used to flow down the river是修饰the

sediment 的定语从句，flow down the river是说“流入河流”。

句7：protect chlorophyll from too much light是一个完整的搭配，最好结合在一起理解，意思会更完整。the light-absorbing chemical是chlorophyll的同位语，可以单独翻译。

句8：mount意为“增加；安装”，infestation是指“害虫大量滋生“。

句9：simultaneously 修饰动词concerned，every recommendation is

important to making the right decision and （every recommendation）will be

given full attention， is和will be都是谓语动词，是并列的。

句10：It is highly appropriate that……是句子主干，Dr Samuel Johnson是从句主语，the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man是Dr Samuel

Johnson的同位语，as famous in his own time as in ours是插入语（as…as…意为“…和…一样”），should have published是从句谓语。

句11：that does not depend on outside visitors是修饰income的定语从句。

句12：The explosion suggests a recent change是句子的主干，as to 意为“关于，至于”。

句13：Researchers say arthritis, high blood pressure and circulation problems

are troubling a smaller proportion every year是句子主干，now analyzing the

results of data gathered in 1994作状语，analyzing的动作由句子主语Researchers来执行，the major medical complaints是插入语，complaints意为“疾病”。troubling 此处作动词，意为“困扰”，a smaller proportion是指人数越来越少。

句14：keep pace with 意为“跟上，赶上”。urban sprawl 意为“城市扩张”。causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting times far

higher作状语，which now make commuting times far higher是修饰congestion problems的定语从句。commuting times是指“通勤（上下班）时间”。

句15：去掉It is … that之后，原句主干是：only when the faculty of smell is

impaired for some reason, we begin to realize the essential role the sense of

smell plays in our sense of well-being. the sense of smell plays是一个省略了that的定语从句，修饰的先行词是the essential role，因为先行词在从句中作plays的宾语，所以关系词that可以省略。Faculty意为“官能，才能，能力”。

句16：that we would generally label unpleasant修饰前面的odors，that we

would generally consider fragrant修饰those。

句17：often given for the low regard修饰reason，in which 引导定语从句修饰low regard，regard在该句中意为“尊重；重视”。held即hold的过去分词，在该句中本意为“保持在（一定数值或水平）”。

句18：去掉It was … that之后，原句主干是：only with the growth of

paediatrics and psychology in the twentieth century, studies could be carried out

on a more objective, if still not always very scientific, basis.

句19：think of … as…，“把……认为是”。

句20：which pose a threat to agricultural crops and human health引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个内容（The continuous and reckless use of synthetic

chemicals for the control of pests）。

句21：either avoid the traps和do not commonly encounter them while

foraging是并列，them指代前面的traps。

句22：so far carried out修饰projects，which include planting forests in

deserts and depositing iron in the ocean to stimulate the growth of algae修饰projects。

句23：chosen from a random selection of four修饰picture，taken from a large

image bank修饰four。

句24：marvel at意为“对……惊奇”，which are similar to, but so much

superior to, our own修饰skills or abilities。

句25：long series are desirable是句子主干，which contain all castes修饰nest，present在该句中意为“存在的“。

句26：that a forest policy is vital和that it must transcend national frontiers

and generations of people以及that it must allow for the inevitable change等三个从句是并列，transcend意为“超越“，inevitable意为”不可避免的“。

句27：whom指前面的linguists，account for意为“解释“，spoken at one

time by American Indian修饰前面的languages。

句28：the same……as表示“与……一样“，control subjects指实验中的对照组。

句29：句子主干是A third reason may have been to do with the linguistic

inadequacy of English in the early modern period，have to do with意为“与……有关”。why the writing of original science in English was delayed是修饰reason的定语从句。

句30：new和 nutrient-rich都修饰soil，此处要注意，两个形容词并列时中间可以加逗号。replacing和dispensing并列。dispense with “省却，不用”。

句31：句子主干是Another factor is that investors are now looking for firms

rather than just a clever business model to differentiate themselves，that may

boost the prospects for Al in the near future修饰factor，using clever

technology修饰firms。

句32：where to make the product作deciding的宾语。

句33：句子的核心部分是The results of a 14-year study reveal that the diseases

are afflicting fewer and fewer people and when they do strike, it is much later in

life。to be announced修饰results，associated with old age修饰diseases，they 指代前面的diseases，strike在该句中意为“爆发”，注意积累。

句34：threatens 和offered 的主语都是we。

句35：句子主干是：very able children need the means to learn and the

encouragement to follow their dream，which includes material to work with

and focused challenging tuition修饰the means。Tuition在该句中指“课程”。

句36：in the knowledge that意为“在知道……的情况下”，turn about意为“向后转”，trade winds意为“信风”。

句37：句子主干是these begin life in a juvenile ‘tadpole’ state, then

metamorphose into the adult form。the axolotl是one species的同位语。

句38：pave the way for意为“为……开辟道路”，orbiting other stars修饰Earth-sized planets。

句39：known as neuroeconomics修饰the field，innovation和being able并列，都是demand的宾语。

句40：most指前面的power，be fed into和 be re-imported into 是并列。