2022年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列 专题21 阅读填空(原卷版

专题21 阅读填空

在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，

语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有全都性、合乎规律，写作思路是否清楚明白，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而

方法与技巧

推断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应留意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内

题型特点

容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，认真甄别，排解干扰，从而得出正确选项。

1.文章的篇幅较短，词数多为280～330，兼顾多种体裁，通常有记叙文、说明文、谈论文、应用文等，要

步骤五：确定排解，争辩多余选项，确定排解理由，最终确定答案。

求考生充分利用所给信息，回答文章提出的问题。通常文章难度不大，关键是考查考生高效处理信息的力量，

还要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。但是题目并不简洁，很简洁出错。

2.考查对文章的结构的了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的规律关系。

解题方法

通过对高考中“七选五”型阅读理原题以及大量同类试题争辩可知，此类试题虽然新颖，但是也有其特有

的解题规律，主要留意解题的窍门和方法，成功闯关，选准答案的难度并不大。将此方法归结为“通读全文、

详读段落、定位选项、通读复检、确定排解”五步解题法。以下就此方法进行分析，期望此方法能为同学们的

解题供应助力。

步骤一：通读全文，对文章进行快速扫瞄，查找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。

在阅读过程中，要留意文章的开头与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因 为

•

开门见山

”

与

•

结尾总

结的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简

要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式

—

呈现。首段的末句对于快速把握文章的主题具有重要

意义，假如它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者快速明确文章情节将如何开放，并对文章的写作主题有了整

体的 了解。假如末句不是主题句，则需要连续查找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为

•

结尾总结

:

式，如两者均可排解，则需在文章中其他段落查找主题句，但要留意首段 与末段的提示作用。

步骤二：详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。

文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会依据整体文章写作主题开放，对文章主体进行的不同方面的

描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。

步骤三：定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，依据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填

入文中，填写时尤为留意各选项中消灭的句子连接手段及句中的连接标志词。

在定位选项时，要特殊留意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选

项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及规律上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线

索。使文章无论内容还是连接上都能做到通顺。

一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其留意文章的写作线索，文

章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。假如带入选项后，发觉文章写作

线索中断或是前后冲突，应更换其它选项。

步骤四：通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查规律关系和关联结构。

在检查后，应再次查看所排解选项，进一步确定排解理由，以防造成易混选项误选。

体验高考

1.【2021·北京卷】其次节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 依据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选

出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。

This Way to Dreamland

Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they

should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can

seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important

things.

But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__

Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed

will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while

you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a

shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.

It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.

“Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__

Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_

Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.

B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.

D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.

F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.

G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.

2. 【2021·新课标全国II】依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选

项中有两项为多余选项。

Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.

36 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best

on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found

shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 37 . As always, you should

stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to

take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 . After two

weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable

for the remaining weeks before the race.

A. After six days

B. For a good marathon runner

C. Before you begin your training

D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile

E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them

F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

G. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time

3. 【2021·新课标全国I】依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为

多余选项。

Building Trust in a Relationship Again

Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 . Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful

when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility

to fix the mistake.

Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated

on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, 37. It’s understandable,

but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.

 38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best

outcome would be for your well-being.

 39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between

being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or

violated.

 You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this

hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, it’s a

healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

A. Learn to really trust yourself.

B. It is putting confidence in someone.

C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.

E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

模拟新题精选

1.【江西省九江市七校2022届高三第一次联考】依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选

项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Balance Self-Care and Caring for Others

How do I balance Self-Care and Caring for Others? If you are asking this question , you are one of those people

who tend to be selfless.36________ So, how do you strike a balance?

Avoid killing the goose . 37_____ In other words, you are going to kill the goose .If you work at a homeless

shelter 50 hours a week for two weeks and then quit because you are overwhelmed(累垮)，it won’t do nearly as

much good as if you work five hours a week all year around .Kind people usually fall into a trap—they try to do so

much good but they don’t realize that more is not always better .

38________ You don’t always have to sacrifice a lot to do something good .This doesn’t mean that personal

sacrifice is bad , but giving a friend the money that you and your family need to spend on food or rent isn’t a great

plan .Sometimes you just need to take care of yourself and you family. You can still support and encourage friends ,but

you don’t have to make deep sacrifices to care for someone.

39______ This is something that every new parent eventually has to figure out : having that first date away

from the child can be a guilty experience ,but it is better for the child to be sent to his or her grandparents ’once in a

while so that the parents can relax themselves and have a good time. Then the parents will come back better

equipped to care for the child

Taking care of yourself , 40______ ,is taking care of them .It makes you strong ,and then you can pass that

strength on to them.

A. Learn to care for others.

B. Make reasonable sacrifices

C. Let me praise the sweet side of your personality