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2024年3月19日发(作者：transport游戏)
牛津英语单元词汇详解
选择性必修二
Unit 4 Living with technology
Word lists Supportive sentences
1. castle /ˈkɑːsl/ n. 城堡 (44)
(build) castles in the air（建）空中楼阁，
幻想，空想 (44)
【原句背诵】
How cool that would be! It may seem like
building castles in the air, but given the rate at
which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being
developed, in the future such dreams may
actually come true.
It’s up to the teacher to provide a variety of
2. input /ˈɪnpʊt/ n. 输入的信息；投入
types of input in the classroom. 教师负责在
vt. (input, input) 输入（信息） (44)
课堂上提供各种各样的信息资源。
【原句背诵】
There has been a big input of resources into
One of the essential aims of AI is to develop
computer intelligence capable of learning
the project from industry. 工业界对这个项目
from experience, adjusting to new inputs and
投入了大量资源。
performing tasks like humans.
Her specialist input to the discussions has
【拓展】
been very useful. 她在这些讨论中提供的专
input (into/to sth)/(of sth) 投入资源（指时间、
家建议很有助益。
知识、思想等）；投入；输入
The computer acts as a word processor where
to input text/data/figures 把文本╱数据╱数
the text of a speech can be input at any time.
计算机起着文字处理器的作用，一篇讲话的
字输
【反义词】output n. 输出，输出量；产量；
文本可随时输入。
出产 vt. 输出
【误区】input的现在分词是 inputting，过
去式input或inputted，过去分词 input或
inputted。
3. capacity /kəˈpæsəti/ n. 领悟（或理解、办
She has an enormous capacity for hard work.
事）能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产
她特别能吃苦耐劳。
Limited resources are restricting our capacity
量 (44)
4. analyse /ˈænəlaɪz/ vt. (AmE analyze) 分析
for developing new products. 有限的资源正
制约着我们开发新产品的能力。
(44)
5. massive /ˈmæsɪv/ adj. 巨大的，大而重的；
The newly-completed stadium in Wuhan has a
seating capacity of 80,000. 武汉新建成的体
非常严重的 (44)
6. network /ˈnetwɜːk/ n. 网络，网状系统；
育场能容纳80,000名观众。
McCarthy was asked to analyse the data from
关系网，人际网；（互联）网络 (44)
the first phase of trials of the vaccine. 麦卡西
【原句背诵】
Deep-learning AI has the capacity to analyse
被要求分析从这种疫苗试验的第一阶段取
massive amounts of data through multiple
得的数据。
layers, imitating the complex networks of the
The patient suffered a massive heart attack.
病人严重心脏病发作了。
human brain.
Janet Jackson’s new album has been heralded
【拓展】
a capacity (for sth/for doing sth)/(to do sth)
（宣布；公告） by a massive media
领悟（或理解、办事）能力 campaign. 珍妮特·杰克逊的新唱片已在媒
analysis n. 分析；分解；验定（复数形式体上进行了大规模的宣传。
analyses）
make an analysis of分析……
analyst n. 分析者；分解者；精神分析医师
analytical adj. 分析的；分解的
【链接高考】
（2021全国乙卷）For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the
World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated
information from official stadium websites. 对于世界上最大的体育场，我们使用了迄今为止
世界地图集列表提供的数据，该列表根据体育场声明的永久容量以及来自体育场官方网
站的最新信息，给它们进行排名。
（2015江苏卷）A great American, James Madison, referred to: “The capacity (能力) of
mankind for self-government.” 著名的美国人詹姆斯·麦迪逊曾提到：“人类自治的能力。”
（2013天津卷）My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. 我对幸福的定义
是“享受的能力”。
（2014江西卷）Nevertheless, we must not commit the mistake of analyzing progress only from
one point of view. 然而，我们决不能犯错误，只从一个角度分析进展的情况。
（2012）陕西卷）For instance, a report that analysed nearly two decades of research on major
GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop
production. 例如，一份分析了近20年主要转基因食品作物研究的报告显示，转基因工程
未能显著提高美国作物产量。
（2021全国乙卷）He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to
re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products. 他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕
塑，督促观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。
Jaron Lanier coined the term "virtual reality"
7. coin /kɔɪn/ vt. 创造（新词语） (44)
and pioneered its early development. 加隆·雷
【原句背诵】
Years before the term “artificial intelligence”
尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词，并率先进行早期
was coined in the mid-1950s, the theory had
开发。
been explored by Alan Turing, one of the
The term ‘cardboard city’ was coined to
pioneers in the field of computer science.
describe communities of homeless people
living in cardboard boxes. 人们创造了
cardboard city一词，用来指居住在纸板棚屋
里无家可归者的居住区。
8. breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθruː/ n. 重大进展，突The Huawei Company looks poised（镇定的）
to make a significant breakthrough in 5G-tech
破adj. 突破性的 (45)
in China. 在中国，华为公司一定会在5G技
【原句背诵】
However, for a long time, AI technology
术方面实现一次重大突破。
developed very slowly. A major breakthrough Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough
in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess-
in the fight against cancer. 科学家们宣称攻
playing computer, beat the world chess
克癌症已有重大的突破。
champion Garry Kasparov.
Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific
【拓展】
breakthrough that would bring him both fame
to make/achieve a breakthrough 作出╱取得
and fortune. 在那之后不久，Perkin 取得了
突破性进展
科学上的突破，这给他带来了名声和财富。
a significant breakthrough in negotiations 谈
China has made a breakthrough in hybrid rice,
判中的重大突破 which can grow as high as 2 meters. 中国在
a major breakthrough in cancer research 癌症杂交水稻上取得了突破，这种水稻可以长到
研究中的重要突破 2米高。
【链接高考】
（2011天津卷）It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I
was working on. 这对解决我正在研究的数学问题来说是一个真正的突破。
9. finance /ˈfaɪnæns; faɪˈnæns/ n. 财政，金融；
Finance for education comes from taxpayers.
资金；财力，财务管理 vt. 提供资金 (45)
教育经费来自纳税人。
10. to name but a few（表示列举）等等 (45)
The report recommends an overhaul of public
finances. 这份报告建议对公共财政进行彻
【原句背诵】
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