2018英语专四真题及参考答案

2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案

PART III LANGUAGE USAGE

There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four

options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or

answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to

build a smooth-sided pyramid.

A. has been believed to have been

B. was believed to be

C. is believed to have been

D. is believed to be

12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very

popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.

A. maintains

B. is maintaining

C. maintained

D. has been maintaining

13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.

A. actually

B. accidentally

C. otherwise

D. seldom

14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view

of _____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.

A. blue hazy Virginia

B. hazy blue Virginia

C. Virginia hazy blue

D. Virginia blue hazy

15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.

A. the evil

B. evil

C. evils

D. an evil

16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as

killing and maiming ______________.

A. war

B. are war

C. of war

D. are of war

17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a

light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.

A. its most basic

B. its basic

C. the most basic

D. the basic

18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her

name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “

only to learn”

is used __________.

A. to express an intended purpose

B. to indicate a high degree of possibility

C. to reveal an undesirable consequence

D. to dramatize a stated fact

19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical

meaning?

A. I wonder what’s

behind

this change of plan.

B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing

behind

him.

C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly

behind

.

D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were

behind

me all the way.

20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she

would have been

immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in

the sentence expresses _______.

A. a hypothesis

B. a suggestion

C. a contradiction

D. a surprise

21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought

to ___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.

A. justice

B. testimony

C. trial

D. verdict

22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has

been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.

A. Questionably

B. Arguably

C. Contentiously

D. Debatably

23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of raw

materials.

A. cut

B. buoy

C. offer

D. offset

24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no __________ of giving any

authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”

A. recommendation

B. recording

C. recollection

D. recognition

actually __________ a good angle — or a good selfie overall — is rooted

in what we consider beautiful.

A. consists

B. constitutes

C. composes

D. constructs

26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting

stars thanks to its unique development program.

A. final

B. further

C. supplementary

D. extra

27. The teachers’ union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling for

repairing “deplorable” school conditions.

A. fired

B. filed

C. fined

D. filled

28. Last March the __________ of a 19

th

century cargo ship was found by an

underwater archaeological team.

A. debris

B. ruins

C. remains

D. wreck

29. She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie

premieres.

A. countless

B. countable

C. numerical

D. numeral

30. A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has released its

analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.

A. oceangoing

B. oceanic

C. marine

D. maritime

PART IV CLOZE

Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the

passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.

Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.

A. accompanies B. automatically C. couple D. goes E.

indebtedness

F. kind G. manner H. mercifully I. one J. obey

K. renowned L. subscribe M. unknown N. virtue O.

widespread

A Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent

Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some

reaction, the response he received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him

came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great

majority of those who returned a card never inquired into the identity of the

unknown professor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they automatically

sent one in return. This study shows the action of one of the most powerful of the

weapons of influence around us—the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we

should try to repay, in kind, what another person has provided us. If a woman does us

a favor, we should do her one in return; if a man sends us a birthday present, we

should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if a couple invites us to a party,

we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtue of the reciprocity rule, then,

we are obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts, invitations, and the like. So

typical is it for indebtedness to accompany the receipt of such things that a term like

“much obliged” has become a synonym for “thank you,” not only in the English

language but in others as well.

The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation

that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after

intensive study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human

society that does not subscribe to the rule.

PART V READING COMPREHENSION

SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

In this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice

questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers

marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark

your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE

（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish

colonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They

wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments,

priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those

first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By

limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal

aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the

individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of all the American values.

By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control

their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble

class, the church, or any other organized authority.

(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance.

It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet, achieving both

financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually

by age 18 or 21.

(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn

to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and

succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no

formal class system developed in the U.S.

(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity:

competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order

to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the

life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In

fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the

mainstream of American life as well as those who do.

(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is

to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States

appeared to be a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes.

The phrase “going from rags to riches” became a slogan for the American dream.

Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the

American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.

(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard