供应链管理双语英文判断与选择翻译-Linux大棚

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2024年3月26日发(作者：飞控开源程序)

1) A supply chain includes only the organizations directly involved in supplying components

needed for manufacturing.

一个供应链仅包括直接参与提供所需的元件制造业的组织。

Answer: FALSE

2) A supply chain consists of all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in fulfilling a customer

request. Answer: TRUE

供应链由所有各方，直接或间接参与，满足客户要求。

3) A supply chain could be more accurately described as a supply network or supply web.

Answer: TRUE

供应链可以更准确地描述为供应网络。

4) The objective of every supply chain is to maximize the overall value generated. TRUE

每一个供应链的目的是生成的整体价值最大化。

5) The objective of every supply chain is to maximize the value generated for the manufacturing

component of the supply chain. Answer: FALSE

每一个供应链的目标是最大化为供应链的制造组件生成价值。

6) Every supply chain must include all 5 stages. Answer: FALSE

每个供应链必须包括所有 5 个阶段。

7) The cycle view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chain are divided into a

series of activities performed at the interface between successive stages. Answer: TRUE

供应链周期认为供应链流程分为一系列的活动上演在连续阶段之间的接口。

8) The cycle view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2

categories depending on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer

orders. Answer: FALSE

供应链周期观点认为，在供应链过程可以分为 2 个类别，具体取决于他们是否发起回应

或预期客户订单。

9) The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chain are divided

into 2 categories depending on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of

customer orders. Answer: TRUE

供应链推/拉认为，在供应链过程可以分为 2 个类别，具体取决于他们是否发起回应或

预期客户订单。

10) The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chain are divided

into a series of activities performed at the interface between successive stages. FALSE

供应链推/拉认为在供应链流程分为一系列的活动上演在连续阶段之间的接口。

11) The objective of the customer arrival process is to maximize the conversion of customer

arrivals to customer orders. Answer: TRUE

客户到达过程的目标是最大化客户来港定居人士对客户订单的转换。

12) The objective of the customer arrival process is to ensure that orders are quickly and

accurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chain processes. FALSE

客户到达过程的目标是确保订单是快速、准确地输入，并传达给其他受影响的供应链流

程。

13) The objective of customer order entry is to ensure that orders are quickly and accurately

entered and communicated to other affected supply chain processes. Answer: TRUE

客户订单输入的目标是确保订单是快速、准确地输入，并传达给其他受影响的供应链流

程。

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14) The objective of customer order entry is to maintain a record of product receipt and complete

payment. Answer: FALSE

客户订单输入的目标是保持产品收据和完成付款的记录。

15) The replenishment cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface. Answer: TRUE

补货周期发生在零售商/分销商接口。

16) The replenishment cycle occurs at the distributor/manufacturer interface. FALSE

补货周期发生在分销商/制造商接口。

17) The replenishment cycle is initiated when a supermarket runs out of stock of a particular item.

Answer: TRUE

补货周期始于一家超市运行脱销，某一项目。

18) The replenishment cycle is initiated when customers load items intended for purchase into

their carts. Answer: FALSE

补货周期始于客户加载项用于购买到他们的手推车。

19) The manufacturing cycle occurs at the distributor/manufacturer interface. TRUE

在分销商/制造商界面发生的制造周期。

20) The manufacturing cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface. Answer: FALSE

制造周期发生在制造商/供应商接口。

21) The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to the order entry

process in the replenishment cycle. Answer: TRUE

生产调度过程的制造周期类似于订单输入过程中的补货周期。

22) The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to the order

fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle. Answer: FALSE

生产调度过程的制造周期类似于订单执行过程中的补货周期。

23) The procurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface. Answer: TRUE

采购周期发生在制造商/供应商接口。

24) The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operational decisions, because

it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supply chain. TRUE

供应链周期视图非常有用当考虑业务的决定时，因为它指定了供应链的每个成员的职责

与角色。

25) The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operational decisions, because

it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of

customer orders. Answer: FALSE

供应链周期视图非常有用当考虑业务的决定时，因为它的分类过程基于是否启动响应或

预期的客户订单。

26) The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategic decisions

relating to supply chain design, because it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member

of the supply chain. Answer: FALSE

供应链推/拉视图非常有用在考虑有关供应链设计时，因为它指定了供应链的每个成员的

职责与角色的战略决策。

27) Pull processes may also be referred to as speculative processes. Answer: FALSE

拉过程也可以被称为投机过程。

28) Push processes may also be referred to as speculative processes. Answer: TRUE

推过程也可以被称为投机过程。

29) All supply chain activities within a firm belong to one of three macro processes — CRM,

ISCM and SRM. Answer: TRUE

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在一家公司内的所有供应链活动都属于三个宏观过程之一 — — CRM、 ISCM 和

SRM。

30) There is a close connection between the design and management of supply chain flows and

the success of a supply chain. Answer: TRUE

设计和管理的供应链流程和供应链的成功之间有密切联系。

31) All stages of an enterprise are involved, either directly or indirectly, in fulfilling a customer

Answer: TRUE

企业的所有阶段都参与，无论是直接或间接地在实现一个客户

32) A supply chain involves the constant flow of information, product, and funds between

different stages and is typically static. Answer: FALSE

一个供应链涉及信息，产品，资金在不同阶段之间的流动和静止

33) The difference between the value of the product and its price remains with the customer as

consumer surplus. Answer: TRUE

消费者剩余是指对于消费者来说产品的价值和它的价格的保持之间的区别。

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1) Which of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?

下列哪一项不是一个典型的供应链内的阶段？

A) Customers 消费者

B) Retailers 零售商

C) Wholesalers/Distributors 批发商/经销商

D) Manufacturers 制造商

E) All of the above are stages within a typical supply chain.

以上都是典型的供应链内的阶段

2) Which of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?

下列哪一项不是一个典型的供应链内的阶段？

A) Customers 消费者

B) Retailers 零售商

C) Wholesalers/Distributors 批发商/经销商

D) Merchandisers 商人

E) Component/Raw material suppliers 组件/原材料供应商

3) Supply chain profitability is

供应链盈利能力是？

A) not correlated to the value generated by the various stages of the supply chain.

不相关的供应链的不同阶段产生的值。

B) the total profit to be shared across all supply chain stages.

利润总额被整个供应链的所有阶段共享

C) the difference between the revenue generated from the customer and the overall cost across

the supply chain.

客户和在整个供应链的总成本产生的收益之间的差异。

D) the total revenue generated by the distributor stage of the supply chain.

供应链分销阶段的收入总额。

E) B and C only

4) Successful supply chain management requires which of the following decision phases?

成功的供应链管理需要下列哪些决策阶段？

A) Supply chain strategy/design 供应链战略/设计

B) Supply chain planning 供应链规划

C) Supply chain operation 供应链运营

D) all of the above 以上全部

E) A and B only A和B选项

5) The decision phases in a supply chain include

在供应链的决定阶段包括

A) production scheduling. 生产调度

B) customer relationship management. 客户关系管理

C) supply chain operation. 供应链运营

D) supply chain orientation. 供应链方向

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E) all of the above 以上全部

6）The cycle view of a supply chain holds that

供应链的循环观点认为

A) the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories.

在供应链中的过程分为2类。

B) the processes in a supply chain are divided into a series of activities performed at the

interface between successive stages.

在供应链的过程被划分成一系列的在连续阶段之间的界面进行的活动。

C) all processes in a supply chain are initiated in response to a customer order.

在供应链中的所有工序都从响应一个客户的订单开始。

D) all processes in a supply chain are performed in anticipation of customer orders.

在供应链中所有工序都在客户订单预期进行。

E) None of the above are true. 以上全部都是假的

7）The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that

供应链的推/拉的观点认为

A) the processes in a supply chain are divided into a series of activities performed at the

interface between successive stages.

在供应链的过程被划分成一系列的在连续阶段之间的界面进行的活动。

B) all processes in a supply chain are initiated in response to a customer order.

在供应链中的所有工序都从响应一个客户的订单开始。

C) all responses in a supply chain are performed in anticipation of customer orders.

在供应链中所有工序都在客户订单预期进行。

D) the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories depending on whether they

are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.

在供应链中的进程被分为两类取决于它们是否发起响应在客户订单预期。

E) None of the above are true. 以上全部都是假的Customer order cycle

8) Which of the following is not a cycle in the supply chain cycle view?

以下哪项是不属于供应链周期观点的周期？

A) Analysis cycle 分析周期

B) Customer order cycle 客户订单周期

C) Replenishment cycle 补货周期

D) Manufacturing cycle 制造周期

E) Procurement cycle 采购周期

9) Which of the following is not a cycle in the supply chain cycle view?

以下哪项是不属于供应链周期观点的周期？

A) Customer order cycle 客户订单周期

B) Replenishment cycle 补货周期

C) Manufacturing cycle 制造周期

D) Procurement cycle 采购周期

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E) All of the above are part of the supply chain cycle view. 以上均为供应链周期观点的一

部分

10) The customer order cycle occurs at the

客户订单周期发生在

A) customer/retailer interface.

客户/零售商接口

B) retailer/distributor interface.

零售商/经销商的接口

C) distributor/manufacturer interface.

分销商/制造商的接口

D) manufacturer/supplier interface. 制造商/供应商界面

E) none of the above 以上都不是

11) Which of the following is not a process in the customer order cycle?

以下哪项不是客户订单周期的过程?

A) Customer arrival 顾客到达

B) Customer order entry 客户订单输入

C) Customer order fulfillment 客户订单履行

D) Customer order receiving 客户订单接收

E) All are processes in the customer order cycle. 以上所有都是客户订单周期过程

12) Customer arrival refers to 顾客到达指

A) the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision

regarding a purchase. 当客户有权选择和作出购买决定的时间点。

B) the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer allocating

product to the customer. 客户告知他们想要购买的零售商，零售商将产品分配给客户。

C) the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.

产品准备并发送给客户的过程。

D)the process where the customer receives the product and takes ownership.

在客户收到产品并取得所有权的过程。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

13) The objective of the customer arrival process is to 客户到达过程的目标是

A) get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowest possible cost.

以尽可能低的成本在承诺到期日获得正确的订单客户

B) maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.

保持产品收据和完成付款的记录。

C) maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.

最大限度地提高客户到达对客户订单的转换。

D) ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicated to other affected

supply chain processes.

确保订单快速准确地进入并传达给其他受影响的供应链流程。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

14) Customer order entry is 客户订单输入是

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A) the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision regarding a

purchase. 当客户有权选择和作出购买决定的时间点。

B) the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer

allocating product to the customer. 客户告知他们想要购买的零售商，零售商将产品分配给

客户。

C) the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.

产品准备并发送给客户的过程。

D) the process where the customer receives the product and takes ownership.

在客户收到产品并取得所有权的过程。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

15) The objective of customer order entry is to 顾客订单输入的目标是

A) get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowest possible cost.

以尽可能低的成本在承诺到期日获得正确的订单客户

B) maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.

保持产品收据和完成付款的记录。

C) maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.

最大限度地提高客户到达对客户订单的转换。

D)ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicated to other

affected supply chain processes.

确保订单快速准确地进入并传达给其他受影响的供应链流程。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

16) Customer order fulfillment refers to 客户订单履行是指

A) the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision regarding a

purchase. 当客户有权选择和作出购买决定的时间点。

B) the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer allocating

product to the customer. 客户告知他们想要购买的零售商，零售商将产品分配给客户。

C) the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.

产品准备并发送给客户的过程。

D)the process where the customer receives the product and takes ownership.

在客户收到产品并取得所有权的过程。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

17) The objective of customer order fulfillment is to 客户订单履行的目标是

A) get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowest possible cost.

以尽可能低的成本在承诺到期日获得正确的订单客户

B) maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.

保持产品收据和完成付款的记录。

C) maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.

最大限度地提高客户到达对客户订单的转换。

D)ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicated to other affected

supply chain processes.

确保订单快速准确地进入并传达给其他受影响的供应链流程。

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E) none of the above 以上都不是

18) Customer order receiving is 客户订单接收为

A) the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision regarding a

purchase. 当客户有权选择和作出购买决定的时间点。

B) the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer allocates

product to the customer. 客户告知他们想要购买的零售商，零售商将产品分配给客户。

C) the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.

产品准备并发送给客户的过程。

D)the process where the customer receives the product and takes ownership.

在客户收到产品并取得所有权的过程。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

19) The replenishment cycle occurs at the 补货周期发生在

A) customer/retailer interface.

客户/零售商接口

B) retailer/distributor interface. 零售商/经销商的接口

C) distributor/manufacturer interface.

分销商/制造商的接口

D) manufacturer/supplier interface. 制造商/供应商接口

E) none of the above 以上都不是

20) The processes involved in the replenishment cycle include

参与补货周期的过程包括

A) retail order receiving. 零售订单接收

B) retail order entry. 零售订单输入

C) retail order trigger. 零售订单触发器

D) retail order fulfillment. 零售订单履行

E) all of the above 以上都是

21) The processes included in the replenishment cycle include all of the following except

所有参与补货周期的过程除了

A) retail order receiving. 零售订单接收

B) retail order entry. 零售订单输入

C) retail order trigger. 零售订单触发器

D) retail order fulfillment. 零售订单履行

E) none of the above 以上都不是

22) The processes included in the replenishment cycle include

包含在订货周期的过程包括

A) order arrival. 订单到达

B) production scheduling. 生产调度

C) retail trigger. 零售触发器

D) manufacturing.

制造业

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E) receiving.接收

23) The replenishment cycle is initiated when 补货周期开始当

A) the customer walks into the supermarket. 顾客走进超市

B) the customer calls a mail order telemarketing center.

客户来电电话营销中心邮购

C) customers load items intended for purchase into their carts.

客户的负荷项目，用于购买到

他们的车。

D) a product is received into stock at a store. 接收到的产品进入股票在一家商店。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

24) The manufacturing cycle occurs at the 制造周期发生在

A) customer/retailer interface. 客户/零售商接口

B) retailer/distributor interface. 零售商/经销商的接口

C) distributor/manufacturer interface. 分销商/制造商的接口

D) manufacturer/supplier interface. 制造商/供应商接口

E) none of the above 以上都不是

25) The processes involved in the manufacturing cycle include 涉及在制造周期中的工艺包括

A) receiving. 接收

B) manufacturing and shipping.

制造和运输

C) production scheduling. 生产调度

D) order arrival. 订单到达

E) all of the above 以上都是

26) The processes involved in the manufacturing cycle include 涉及在制造周期中的工艺包括

A) order trigger. 订单触发器

B) production scheduling. 生产调度

C) order fulfillment.

订单履行

D) order entry.

订单输入

E) manufacturing order analysis. 生产订单的分析

27) The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to the

在制造循环中的生产调度过程类似于

A) order receiving process in the replenishment cycle. 在补货周期订单接收进程。

B) order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.

订单履行流程在补货周期。

C) order entry process in the replenishment cycle. 在补货周期订单输入过程。

D) order trigger process in the replenishment cycle. 在补货周期顺序触发过程。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

28) The manufacturing and shipping process in the manufacturing cycle is equivalent to the

在制造周期中的制造和运输过程等效于

A) order receiving process in the replenishment cycle. 在补货周期订单接收进程

B) order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle. 订单履行流程在补货周期

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C) order entry process in the replenishment cycle. 在补货周期订单输入过程。

D) order trigger process in the replenishment cycle. 在补货周期顺序触发过程。

E) none of the above 以上都不是

29) The procurement cycle occurs at the 采购周期发生在

A) customer/retailer interface. 客户/零售商接口

B) retailer/distributor interface.

零售商/经销商接口

C) distributor/manufacturer interface.

分销商/制造商接口

D) manufacturer/supplier interface.

制造商/供应商接口

E) none of the above 以上都不是

30) The relationship between the manufacturer and supplier during the procurement cycle is very

similar to the relationship between采购周期期间的制造商，供应商之间的关系与__关系非常

相似

A) customer and retailer.

客户和零售商

B) retailer and distributor.

零售商和分销商

C) distributor and manufacturer.

分销商和制造商

D) manufacturer and customer.

制造商和客户

31) The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operational decisions, because

供应链的循环观点是有用的当考虑到经营决策时，因为

A) it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of

customer orders.它归类基于它们是否发起响应在客户订单预期。

B) it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supply chain.

它指定了供应链中每个成员的角色和职责

C) processes are identified as either reactive or speculative.

进程标识作为无功或投机。

D) it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.

它侧重于外部的企业流程

E) it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm. 它侧重于内部的企业流程

32) The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategic decisions

relating to supply chain design, because

供应链的推/拉视图非常有用当考虑有关供应链设计时，因为

A) it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in

anticipation of customer orders. 它归类基于它们是否发起响应在客户订单预期。

B) it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supply chain.

它指定了供应链中每个成员的角色和职责

C) it clearly defines the processes involved and the owners of each process.

它清楚地定义了所涉及的过程和每个进程的所有者。

D) it focuses on processes that are external to the firm. 它侧重于外部的企业流程

E) it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm. 它侧重于内部的企业流程

33)

Which of the following statements about pull processes is accurate?

下列关于拉进程的陈述哪个准确？

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A) May also be referred to as speculative processes. 可能也被称为投机的过程。

B) Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.

从预期的客户订单开始执行。

C) At the time of execution, demand must be forecast. 在执行时必须预测需求

D) May also be referred to as reactive processes. 可能也被称为无功的过程。

E) None of the above are accurate. 以上都不准确

34) Which of the following is not an accurate statement about pull processes?

下列关于拉进程的陈述哪个不准确？

A) May also be referred to as speculative processes. 可能也被称为投机的过程

B) Execution is initiated in response to a customer order.

执行于客户订单开始时响应

C) At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty.

在执行时，需求量确定已知

D) May also be referred to as reactive processes. 可能也被称为无功的过程。

E) All of the above are accurate. 以上都准确

35) Which of the following statements about push processes is accurate?

下列关于推进程的陈述哪个准确？

A) May also be referred to as speculative processes. 可能也被称为投机的过程。

B) Execution is initiated in response to customer orders. 从预期的客户订单开始执行。

C) At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty. 在执行时必须预测需求

D) May also be referred to as reactive processes. 可能也被称为无功的过程。

E) None of the above are accurate. 以上都不准确

36) Which of the following is not an accurate statement about push processes?

下列关于推进程的陈述哪个不准确？

A) May also be referred to as speculative processes. 可能也被称为投机的过程。

B) Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.

从预期的客户订单开始执行

C) At the time of execution, demand must be forecast. 在执行时必须预测需求

D) May also be referred to as reactive processes. 可能也被称为无功的过程。

E) All of the above are accurate. 以上都准确

37) Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?

供应链宏观流程包括下列哪一项?

A) Customer Relationship Management (CRM) 客户关系管理 (CRM)

B) Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) 内部供应链管理 (ISCM)

C) Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) 供应商关系管理 (SRM)

D) all of the above 以上都是

E) none of the above 以上都不是

38) Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?

供应链宏观流程包括下列哪一项?

A) Internal Relationship Management (IRM) 内部关系管理 (IRM)

B) Customer Relationship Management (CRM) 客户关系管理 (CRM)

C) External Relationship Management (ERM) 外部关系管理 (ERM)

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D) Supply Chain Relationship Management (SCRM) 供应链关系管理

E) none of the above 以上都不是

39) Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?

供应链宏观流程包括下列哪一项?

A) Internal Relationship Management (IRM) 内部关系管理 (IRM)

B) External Relationship Management (ERM) 外部关系管理 (ERM)

C) Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) 供应商关系管理 (SRM)

D) Supply Chain Relationship Management (SCRM) 供应链关系管理

E) none of the above 以上都不是

40) Activities involved in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) macro process include

客户关系管理 (CRM) 宏观过程中涉及的活动包括？

A) planning of internal production and storage. 规划的内部生产和存储

B) order fulfillment. 订单履行

C) marketing. 营销

D) supply planning. 供应规划

E) demand planning. 需求计划

41) Activities involved in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) macro process include

all of the following except

客户关系管理 (CRM) 宏观过程中涉及的活动不包括？

A) marketing.营销

B) sales. 销售

C) order management. 订单管理

D) call center management. 呼叫中心管理

E) All of the above are activities of CRM. 以上都是 CRM 活动

42) Activities involved in the Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) macro process include

内部供应链管理 (ISCM) 宏观过程中涉及的活动包括？

A) marketing.营销

B) order fulfillment.订单履行

C) sales. 销售

D) order management. 订单管理

E) call center management. 呼叫中心管理

43) Activities involved in the Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) macro process include

all of the following except

内部供应链管理 (ISCM) 宏观过程中涉及的活动不包括？

A) planning of internal production and storage. 规划的内部生产和存储

B) order fulfillment. 订单履行

C) supply planning. 供应计划

D) order management. 订单管理

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44) Activities involved in the Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) macro process include

供应商关系管理 (SRM) 宏观过程中涉及的活动包括？

A) planning of internal production and storage. 规划的内部生产和存储

B) order fulfillment.订单履行

C) supplier evaluation and selection. 供应商评价与选择

D) order management.订单管理

45) Activities involved in the Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) macro process include

all of the following except

供应商关系管理 (SRM) 宏观过程中涉及的活动不包括？

A) negotiation of supply terms.

供应方面的谈判

B) design collaboration. 设计协作

C) demand planning. 需求计划

D) supplier evaluation and selection. 供应商评价与选择

E) supply collaboration.

供应合作

46) The phenomenal success of 7-Eleven Japan is attributed to

日本7-11 的骄人成就归因于？

A) being in the right place at the right time.

在正确的时间出现在正确的地方。

B) its supply chain design and management ability.

其供应链设计与管理能力。

C) having 9000 locations.

有9000个位置

D) serving fresh food. 供应新鲜食物

E) none of the above 以上都不是

47) A key issue facing Toyota is

丰田面临的一个关键问题是

A) developing an internet marketing system.

发展网络营销系统

B) whether to specialize in a particular market. 是否要专攻某一特定市场。

C) design of its global production and distribution network. 其全球的生产和分销网络的设

计。

D) how to implement model changes. 如何实现模型更改

E) all of the above 以上都是

48) When a customer purchases a book online from a company such as Amazon, which of the

following is NOT part of the typical supply chain operations?

当客户从在线公司购买图书如亚马逊，下面哪项不是典型的供应链运作的一部分?

A) The customer 顾客

B) Amazon's web site 亚马逊的网站

C) Amazon's book supplier 亚马逊的图书供应商

D) Amazon's accounting department 亚马逊的会计部门

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49) A supply chain has many stages. It would NOT typically involve this stage.

供应链有许多阶段。它通常不包括这一阶段

A) Customer's trip to retailer 客户前往零售商处

B) Retailers 零售商

C) Manufacturers 制造商

D) Raw materials suppliers 原材料供应商

50) Each stage in a supply chain is connected through the flow of products, information, and

funds. These flows often occur in both directions and is usually managed by

供应链的每个阶段通过产品、信息和资金的流动连接。这些流动往往发生在两个方向通常

由谁管理

A) pricing department. 价格主管部门

B) one of the stages. 某一阶段

C) upper management.

高层管理人员

D) engineering department. 工程部

51) Supply chain surplus involves what two parts? 供应链盈余涉及哪两个部分？

A) Manufacturing cost and selling price 制造成本和销售价格

B) Customer value and supply chain cost 顾客价值与供应链成本

C) Customer value and high quality products 顾客价值和高品质的产品

D) Reliable transportation and supply chain cost可靠的运输和供应链成本

52) For any supply chain, the source of revenue is generated by

对于任何供应链中，产生的收入的来源为

A) efficient operations.

高效运营

B) information flows. 信息流

C) the customer. 客户

D) product flows. 产品流

53) Webvan designed a supply chain with large warehouses in several major cities in the United

States, from which groceries were delivered to customer homes. They failed partly because of

Webvan美国的几个主要城市设有大型仓库供应链，将货物交付到客户的家中。他们失败的

部分原因是

A) low demand for their service. 他们服务的需求量低

B) slow inventory turnover compared to industry averages.

存货周转率低相比行业平均值

C) higher labor costs for picking orders.

领料订单的劳动力成本上升

D) poor quality products.产品质量差

54) Successful supply chain management requires many decisions relating to the flow of

information, product, and funds. These decisions fall into three categories or phases. Which of

the following is NOT one of these categories?

成功的供应链管理需要做许多关系到信息、产品和资金流的决定。这些决定可分为三个类

别或阶段。下列哪一项不是这些类别之一?

A) Supply Chain Operation 供应链运营

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B) Supply Chain Planning 供应链计划

C) Supply Chain Strategy and Design 供应链战略与设计

D) Supply Chain Alliances 供应链联盟

1) The major drivers of supply chain performance are customers, facilities, inventory,

transportation, and information.

供应链绩效的主要驱动因素是客户、设施、库存、运输

和信息。 Answer: FALSE

2) The two major types of facilities are production sites and storage sites.

两种主要类型的设施

是生产站点和存储站点。 Answer: TRUE

3) Inventory is an important supply chain driver because changing inventory policies can

dramatically alter the supply chain's efficiency and responsiveness.

库存是一个重要的供应链

驱动程序，因为改变库存政策可以极大地改变供应链的效率和响应能力。 Answer:

TRUE

4) Information is potentially the biggest driver of performance in the supply chain as it directly

affects each of the other drivers.

信息是潜在的供应链绩效的最大驱动力，因为它直接影响

到其他每个驱动程序 Answer: TRUE

5) A facility with little excess capacity will likely be no more or less efficient per unit of product

it produces than one with a lot of unused capacity. 产能过剩少的设施可能会不多不少的生产

单位产品相比具有许多未使用容量的设施来说。 Answer: FALSE

6) The high utilization facility will have difficulty responding to demand fluctuations. TRUE

7) Stock keeping unit (SKU) storage is the warehousing methodology that uses a traditional

warehouse to store all of one type of product together. 高利用设施会有响应需求波动的困难。

TRUE 7) 股票保管单位 (SKU) 贮存是仓储的方法，使用传统的仓库来存储所有的同一种

类型的产品。Answer: TRUE

8) Warehouse unit storage is the warehousing methodology that uses a traditional warehouse to

store all of one type of product together.

仓库单位存储是使用传统的仓库来存储所有同一种

类产品的仓储方法。 Answer: FALSE

9) The components of inventory decisions include capacity, cycle inventory, safety inventory,

seasonal inventory, and sourcing.

库存决策的组件包括容量、循环盘存、安全库存、季节性

库存和采购周期。Answer: FALSE

10) Cycle inventory is inventory that is built up to counter predictable variability in demand.

循环库存是建立以抵消需求预测变化的库存。 Answer: FALSE

11) Seasonal inventory is inventory that is built up to counter predictable variability in demand.

季节性库存是建立以抵消需求预测变化的库存。Answer: TRUE

12) Companies using seasonal inventory will build up inventory in periods of low demand and

store it for periods of high demand when they will not have the capacity to produce all that is

demanded.

公司使用季节性库存将在低需求时期建立库存，并将其存储为需求高峰期时他

们不具备生产所有需求时所用。Answer: TRUE

13) Companies using seasonal inventory will maintain a level inventory increase rate of

production for periods of high demand.

公司采用季节性库存为维持生产水平库存增加速度在高需求

的时期。

Answer: FALSE

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14) A company's ability to find a balance between responsiveness and efficiency that best

matches the needs of the customer it is targeting is the key to achieving strategic fit.

一家公司能

够在响应能力和与它的目标客户的需求最匹配的效率之间找到一个平衡点是实现目标的关

键战略契合。

Answer: TRUE

1) Which of the following is not a major driver of supply chain performance?

下列哪一项不是供应链绩效的主要驱动力？

A) Facilities 设备

B) Inventory 库存

C) Transportation 运输

D) Information 信息

E) All of the above are major drivers of supply chain performance.

以上都是供应链绩效的

主要驱动力

2) Which of the following is not a major driver of supply chain performance?

下列哪一项不是供应链绩效的主要驱动力？

A) Customers 客户

B) Facilities 设备

C) Inventory 库存

D) Transportation 运输

E) Information 信息

3) The places in the supply chain network where product is stored, assembled, or fabricated are

known as 在供应链网络产品是存储、组装，或制造的地方被称为

A) facilities. 设备

B) inventory. 库存

C) transportation. 运输

D) information.信息

E) customers.客户

4) All raw materials, work in process, and finished goods within a supply chain are known as

供应链中的所有原材料，在制品和产成品被称为

A) facilities. 设备

B) inventory. 库存

C) transportation. 运输

D) information.信息

E) customers. 客户

5) Moving inventory from point to point in the supply is known as

依据供应库存从一个点到另一个点被称为

A) facilities. 设备

B) inventory. 库存

C) transportation. 运输

D) information. 信息

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E) customers. 客户

6) The data and analysis concerning facilities, inventory, transportation, and customers

throughout the supply chain is known as

关于设备，库存，运输，客户在整个供应链的数据和分析被称为

A) facilities. 设备

B) inventory. 库存

C) transportation. 运输

D) information. 信息

E) customers. 客户

7) The two major types of facilities are 两种主要类型的设施是

A) distribution sites and storage sites. 销售点和储存地点

B) production sites and distribution sites.

生产基地及配送站点

C) production sites and storage sites. 生产基地和储存地点

D) retail sites and distribution sites. 零售网站和配送站点

E) distribution sites and inventory sites. 配送站点和库存网站

8) Which component of the supply chain decision-making framework would be established first?

供应链决策框架的组件将首先确定？

A) Customer strategy 客户战略

B) Supply chain strategy 供应链战略

C) Supply chain structure 供应链结构

D) Competitive strategy 竞争战略

E) Replenishment strategy 补货策略

9) Which component of the supply chain decision-making framework would be established

second? 供应链决策框架的组件第二个将确定？

A) Customer strategy 客户战略

B) Supply chain strategy 供应链战略

C) Supply chain structure 供应链结构

D) Competitive strategy 竞争战略

E) Replenishment strategy 补货策略

10) Which component of the supply chain decision-making framework would be used to reach

the performance level dictated by the supply chain strategy?

供应链决策框架哪个组件将用于

到达由供应链战略的绩效水平？

A) Customer strategy 客户战略

B) Supply chain strategy 供应链战略

C) Supply chain structure 供应链结构

D) Competitive strategy 竞争战略

E) Replenishment strategy 补货策略

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11) Which of the following is not a component of facilities decisions?

下列哪一项不是设施决定的一个组成部分

A) Warehousing methodology 仓储方法

B) Forecasting methodology 预测方法

C) Operations methodology 操作方法

D) Capacity 容量

E) Location 位置

12) Which of the following statements concerning decisions regarding location of facilities is

false?

下列

关于有关设施的位置决定的陈述哪个是错误的?

A) Deciding where a company will locate its facilities constitutes a large part of the design of a

supply chain.

决定一家公司将在哪里定位其设施构成是供应链设计很大一部分。

B) A basic trade-off here is whether to centralize to gain economies of scale or decentralize to

become more responsive by being closer to the customer. 一个基本的权衡是是否集中来获得

规模经济或分散变得更接近客户。

C) Companies must also consider a host of issues related to the various characteristics of the

local area in which the facility may be situated.

公司还必须考虑主机与局域网可能与所有设

施的各种特性有关的问题。

D) All of these statements are true.

这些语句都为真。

E) None of these statements are true. 这些语句没有真的。

13) Which of the following is not an issue companies need to consider in facility location

decisions?

下列哪一项不是发行公司需要在设施选址决策中考虑的?

A) Quality of workers 工人的素质

B) Product development 产品开发

C) Proximity to customers and the rest of the network 接近客户和网络的其余部分

D) Cost of facility 设施成本

E) Tax effects 所得税影响

14) Which of the following is not an issue companies need to consider in facility location

decisions? 下列哪一项不是发行公司需要在设施选址决策中考虑的?

A) Quality of workers 工人的素质

B) Availability of infrastructure 可用性基础设施

C) Proximity to customers and the rest of the network 接近客户和网络的其余部分

D) Cost of facility 设施成本

E) All of the above are issues companies need to consider in facility location decisions.

以上都是发行公司需要在设施选址中考虑的

15) Excess capacity 产能过剩

A) allows a facility to be very flexible and to respond to wide swings in the demands placed on it.

允许一种设施非常灵活，并响应它提出的有较大起伏得要求。

B) costs money and therefore can decrease efficiency. 需要钱，因此可以降低效率。

C) requires proximity to customers and the rest of the network. 需要接近客户和网络的其余部

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分。

D) both A and B A和B都对

E) all of the above 以上都对

16) Which of the following is a characteristic of a facility with excess capacity?

下列哪一项是一种设施产能过剩的特征?

A) Will likely be more efficient per unit of product it produces than one with a lot of

unused capacity 可能它单位生产的产品比一个具有大量的未使用容量的设施更有效率

B) Would be very flexible and respond to wide swings in the demands placed on it 将会非常灵

活，并响应它提出的有较大起伏得要求。

C) Would be considered a high utilization facility 会考虑使用高利用率的设施

D) Will have difficulty responding to demand fluctuations将难以应对需求波动

E) none of the above 以上都不是

17) A facility with little excess capacity 产能过剩少的一种设施

A) will likely be more efficient per unit of product it produces than one with a lot of unused

capacity. 可能它单位生产的产品比一个具有大量的未使用容量的设施更有效率

B) would be considered a high utilization facility. 会考虑使用高利用率的设施

C) will have difficulty responding to demand fluctuations. 将难以应对需求波动

D) All of the above are true. 以上都为真

E) None of the above are true. 以上都不为真

18) Which of the following would be a characteristic of a facility with little excess capacity?

以下哪项是产能过剩少的设施的特点呢？

A) Allows a facility to be very flexible and to respond to wide swings in the demands placed on

it 允许一种设施非常灵活，并响应它提出的有较大起伏得要求。

B) Costs money and therefore can decrease efficiency 需要钱，因此可以降低效率

C) Requires proximity to customers and the rest of the network 需要接近客户和网络的其余部

分。

D) Will likely be more efficient per unit of product it produces 可能每单位产品生产效率

更高

E) none of the above 以上都不是

19) Which of the following is not a warehousing methodology? 下列哪一项不是仓储方法?

A) Warehouse unit storage 仓库储存单位

B) Stock keeping unit (SKU) storage 库存单位（SKU）的存储

C) Job lot storage 作业批量存储

D) Cross-docking 交叉对接3

E) All of the above are warehousing methodologies. 以上都是仓储方法

20) The warehousing methodology that uses a traditional warehouse to store all of one type of

product together is 使用传统的仓库来存储所有同一类产品的仓储方法是

A) warehouse unit storage. 仓库储存单位

B) stock keeping unit (SKU) storage. 库存单位（SKU）的存储

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C) job lot storage.

作业批量存储

D) cross-docking. 交叉对接

E) none of the above 以上都不是

21) The warehousing methodology in which all the different types of products needed to perform

a particular job or satisfy a particular type of customer are stored together is

所有不同类型的产品需要执行某项工作或满足特定类型客户存储工作的仓储方法是

A) warehouse unit storage.

仓库的单位存储

B) stock keeping unit (SKU) storage.

库存单位（SKU）存储

C) job lot storage. 作业批量存储

D) cross-docking. 交叉对接

E) none of the above 以上都不是

22) The following warehousing methodology is one in which goods are not actually warehoused

in a facility. Instead, trucks from suppliers, each carrying a different type of product, deliver

goods to a facility. There the inventory is broken into smaller lots and quickly loaded onto

store-bound trucks that carry a variety of products, some from each of the supplier trucks.

以下仓储方法是货物不实际入库在设施中。相反，来卡车从供应商各持不同类型的产品送

货到设施。那里库存被分解为小批量迅速地装上携带各种各样的产品，部分来自每个供应

商的卡车。

A) Warehouse unit storage 仓库的单位存储

B) Stock keeping unit (SKU) storage 库存单位（SKU）存储

C) Job lot storage 作业批量存储

D) Cross-docking 交叉对接

E) none of the above 以上都不是

23) All of the following are components of inventory decisions except

以下所有都是除库存决策组件除了

A) cycle inventory. 周期存货

B) safety inventory. 安全库存

C) seasonal inventory. 季节性库存

D) sourcing. 采购

E) All of the above are components of inventory decisions. 以上都是库存决策组件

24) All of the following are components of inventory decisions except

以下所有都是除库存决策组件除了

A) capacity. 容量

B) cycle inventory. 周期存货

C) safety inventory. 安全库存

D) seasonal inventory. 季节性库存

E) sourcing. 采购

25) The average amount of inventory used to satisfy demand between receipt of supplier

shipments is referred to as 用于满足收到供应商的出货需求之间的库存量被称为

A) cycle inventory. 周期存货

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B) safety inventory. 安全库存

C) seasonal inventory. 季节性库存

D) sourcing.采购

E) none of the above以上都不是

26) The inventory that is built up to counter predictable variability in demand is called

A) cycle inventory. 周期存货

B) safety inventory. 安全库存

C) seasonal inventory. 季节性库存

D) sourcing. 采购

E) none of the above 以上都不是

27) The inventory held in case demand exceeds expectation in order to counter uncertainty is

called 被建立以抵消需求预测变化的库存被称为

A) cycle inventory. 周期存货

B) safety inventory. 安全库存

C) seasonal inventory. 季节性库存

D) sourcing. 采购

E) none of the above 以上都不是

28) The set of business processes required to purchase goods and services is known as

购买商品和服务所需的业务流程的集称为

A) cycle inventory. 周期存货

B) safety inventory. 安全库存

C) seasonal inventory. 季节性库存

D) sourcing. 采购

E) none of the above 以上都不是

29) Cycle inventory is used because 周期存货的使用因为

A) the world is perfectly predictable.

世界是完全可预测的。

B) demand is uncertain and may exceed expectations.

需求是不确定的并可能超预期。

C) it involves making a trade-off between the costs of having too much inventory and the costs

of losing sales due to not having enough inventory. 它涉及制造具有太多的库存成本和销售损

失，由于没有足够的库存成本去进行权衡。

D) it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.

它着重于公司的外部的过程。

E) it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm.

它着重于公司的内部的过程。

30) Seasonal inventory should be used when 季节性库存应该被使用当

A) a company can rapidly change the rate of its production system at a very low cost.

一个公司可以快速的以非常低的成本改变其生产系统的速率。

B) changing the rate of production is expensive (e.g., when workers must be hired or fired).

改变生产速率是昂贵的 (例如，当必须雇用或解雇工人)。

C) adjusting to a period of low demand without incurring large costs.

调整一个时期低需求不会产生大量费用

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D) the world is perfectly predictable. 世界是完全可预测的

31) Sourcing involves 采购涉及

A) deciding the tasks that will be outsourced and those that will be performed within the firm.

决定将哪些外包任务在公司内进行

B) deciding whether to source from a single supplier or a portfolio of suppliers.

决定是否从单一供应商或供应商的投资组合处采购。

C) identifying the set of criterion that will be used to select suppliers and measure their

performance. 识别将用于选择供应商和衡量他们的绩效的标准集。

D) selecting suppliers and negotiating contracts with them.

选择供应商并与他们谈判合同。

E) all of the above 以上都是

32) Which of the following are key components of transportation decisions when designing and

operating a supply chain? 设计一条供应链的交通决策时的关键部分是下列哪一项?

A) Mode of transportation 运输方式

B) Route and network selection 航线和网络选择

C) In-house or outsource 在公司内部或外包

D) all of the above 以上都是

E) none of the above 以上都不是

33) Which of the following are key components of transportation decisions when designing and

operating a supply chain? 设计一条供应链的交通决策时的关键部分是下列哪一项?

A) Software selection 软件选择

B) Mode of transportation 运输方式

C) Source selection 信号源选择

D) Warehouse selection 仓库选择

E) none of the above 以上都不是

34) Which of the following are key components of information that must be analyzed to increase

efficiency and improve effectiveness in a supply chain?

信息进行分析以提高效率和改善供应

链效率的关键部分是下列哪一项?

A) Software selection 软件选择

B) Source selection 信号源选择

C) Warehouse selection 仓库选择

D) Forecasting and aggregate planning 预测和整体计划

E) none of the above 以上都不是

35) When all the different stages of a supply chain work toward the objective of maximizing

total supply chain profitability, rather than each stage devoting itself to its own profitability

without considering total supply chain profit, it is known as 当供应链的所有不同的阶段以总

供应链利益最大化为目标，而不是致力于其自身盈利能力，从而不考虑供应链中每个阶段

的利润时，它被称为

A) supply chain coordination. 供应链协调

B) forecasting.

预测

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C) aggregate planning. 综合计划

D) revenue management.

收益管理

E) pricing.

定价

36) The art and science of making projections about what future demand and conditions will be

is 艺术和科学预测未来的需求和条件将会是

A) supply chain coordination. 供应链协调

B) forecasting. 预测

C) aggregate planning. 综合计划

D) revenue management. 收益管理

E) pricing. 定价

37) Transforming forecasts into plans of activity to satisfy the projected demand is known as

转型预测和活动计划，以满足预计的需求被称为

A) supply chain coordination.供应链协调

B) forecasting.预测

C) aggregate planning.综合计划

D) revenue management.收益管理

E) pricing.定价

38) The process by which a firm decides how much to charge customers for its goods and

services is其中一家公司决定对客户购买其商品和服务的过程收取多少是

A) supply chain coordination.供应链协调

B) forecasting.预测

C) aggregate planning.综合计划

D) revenue management.收益管理

E) pricing.定价

39) The use of differential pricing over time or customer segments to maximize profits from a

limited set of supply chain assets is 随着时间的推移或客户群的使用差别定价使得一组有限

的供应链资产的利润最大化是

A) supply chain coordination.供应链协调

B) forecasting.预测

C) aggregate planning.综合计划

D) revenue management.收益管理

E) pricing.定价

40) Which of the following are technologies that share and analyze information in the supply

chain?

下列哪一项是共享和分析供应链中信息的技术?

A) Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) 电子数据交换 (EDI)

B) Internet 网络

C) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) 企业资源规划 (ERP)

D) Supply Chain Management (SCM) software供应链管理 (SCM) 软件

E) all of the above以上都是

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41) Which of the following are technologies that share and analyze information in the supply

chain? 下列哪一项是共享和分析供应链中信息的技术?

A) Internet 网络

B) Enterprise Data Planning (EDP) 企业数据计划（EDP）

C) Electronic Resource Interchange (ERI) 电子资源交换 (ERI)

D) Chain Management (CM) software 链管理 (CM) 软件

E) none of the above

42) The ________ strategy results in a peak during the discount week, often followed by a steep

drop in demand during the following weeks.

___ 战略导致高峰期间的折扣一周，通常紧跟着

在接下来几周的需求急剧下降。

A) Everyday low pricing 天天低价

B) High-low pricing 高低价战略

C) Fixed price 固定价格

D) Menu pricing 菜单定价

43) Pricing directly affects revenues but can also affect production costs and inventories

depending upon its impact on consumer demand. Which of the following is not listed as a metric

a manager should track?

定价直接影响收入，但也会影响生产成本和库存取决于其对消费

需求的影响。下列哪一项不被列为经理应跟踪的度量?

A) Inventory turnover 存货周转率

B) Profit margin利润率

C) Days sales outstanding 销售回款

D) Average sales price 平均销售价格

44) ________ measures the incremental costs that are independent of the size of the order.

___ 措施都是独立的订单的大小的增量成本。

A) Average sale price 平均销售价格

B) Incremental variable cost per unit 每单位增量可变成本

C) Incremental fixed cost per order 增量固定每个订单成本

D) Incremental indirect cost per order 每个订单增量间接成本

45) Amazon uses different prices for the products that are purchased from the company — often

for the speed of the shipping. What is the name of this pricing scheme?

亚马逊使用不同的价格对于那些从公司购买的产品 - 通常为航运的速度。这种定价方案的

名字是？

A) Everyday low pricing 天天低价

B) High-low pricing 高地价战略

C) Fixed price 固定价格

D) Menu pricing 菜单定价

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46) Sourcing decisions directly impact the cost of goods sold and accounts payable. Which of the

following is NOT listed as a source-related metric that a manager should track?

采购决策直接影响销售的商品和应付账款的成本。以下哪项是不列为一个经理应该跟踪的

源相关的指标？

A) Average selling price 平均销售价格

B) Range of purchase price 购买价格范围

C) Days payable outstanding 应付账款周转天数

D) Average purchase quantity平均购买数量

47) ________ measures the average time between when an order is placed and the product

arrives.

___ 措施为订单和产品到达之间的平均时间。

A) Supplier reliability 供应商的可靠性

B) Supply lead time 供应提前期

C) Fraction of on-time deliveries 准时交货的次数

D) Supply quality 供应质量

48) ________ is NOT a key sourcing decision that is made within a firm?

___ 不是公司内作出采购决定的关键吗?

A) Outsource 外包

B) Procurement 采购

C) Supplier selection 供应商选择

D) Produce high quality products 生产出高品质的产品

49) Cisco has outsourced almost all of its manufacturing. It does, however, have a sourcing

strategy that varies by product type. For low-end products such as routers for home networks,

Cisco aims for efficiency. These routers are produced and packed in what country that supports

this strategy?

思科外包几乎所有其制造。然而，它没有按产品类型而异实施采购策略。而

对于低端产品如路由器家庭网络，思科的目的是为了提高效率。这些路由器的生产和包装

在哪个国家支持该战略？

A) Italy

B) China

C) United States

D) Canada

50) ________ identifies the difference between the planned production/inventories and the actual

values. __ 标识计划的生产/库存和实际值之间的区别。

A) Supplier reliability 供应商的可靠性

B) Forecast error 预测误差

C) Variance from plan 计划差异

D) Supply quality 供应质量

51) In the textbook, it mentions that Wal-Mart has mandated the use of a specific technology by

its top 100 suppliers at the level of product cases. What is the technology?

在教科书，它提到沃尔玛已授权使用其顶尖的 100 供应商产品情况下一级的具体技术。

什么是技术?

A) RFID

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B) ERP

C) SCM

D) EDI

52) ________ typically measures the cost of bringing product into a facility as a percentage of

sales or cost of goods sold (COGS).

___ 通常措施纳入一个设施的销售额的百分比或成本

(cogs) 。

A) Average outbound transportation cost 平均外向运输成本

B) Average inbound transportation cost 平均入境运输成本

C) Average incoming shipment size 平均新进货物的大小

D) Average inbound transportation cost per shipment 每票货平均入境运输成本

53) Blue Nile is an online retailer of diamonds that has used responsive transportation to ship

diamonds to customers in the United States, Canada, and several countries in Europe and Asia.

Which is the mode of transportation used with this strategy? 蓝色尼罗河是响应运输钻石运往

美国、加拿大和欧洲和亚洲几个国家的客户的钻石在线零售商。这种策略应使用哪种交通

运输方式?

A) Sea

B) Rail

C) Internet

D) Air 空运

1) Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significant investments in the

supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase

or lease, and whether to build or lease warehouse space, cannot be altered in the short term.

关于供应链重大投资，如数量和工厂建设，卡车数量购买或租赁，以及是否建立或租用

仓库空间，不能在供应链设计阶段短期内改变。

Answer: TRUE

2) Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significant investments in the

supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase

or lease, and whether to build or lease warehouse space, rarely remain in place for several

years.

关于供应链重大投资，如数量和工厂建设，卡车数量购买或租赁，以及是否建立或租用

仓库空间，在供应链设计阶段的决定很少能几年内维持不变。

Answer: FALSE

3) Long-term contracts for both warehousing and transportation requirements will be more

effective if the demand and price of warehousing do not change in the future or if the price of

warehousing goes up.

如果将来仓储的需求和价格不发生更改或者仓储价格上涨，长期合同对于仓储和运输的

要求将会更有效。

Answer: TRUE

4) The degree of demand and price uncertainty has a significant influence on the appropriate

portfolio of long- and short-term warehousing space that a firm should carry.

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需求和价格的不确定性的程度对企业应该选择长期和短期的仓储空间以及它们适当的

组合具有显著的影响。

Answer: TRUE

5) If price and demand vary over time in a global network, flexible production capacity can be

reconfigured to maximize profits in the new environment.

如果价格和需求的变化超过了全球网络承担能力时候，灵活的可配置的生产能力可在新

环境中实现利润最大化

Answer: TRUE

6) A firm may choose to build a flexible global supply chain even in the presence of little

demand or supply uncertainty if certainty exists in exchange rates or prices.

一家公司可以选择构建一个灵活的全球供应链就算在需求不大或汇率和价格存在不确

定性的情况下。

Answer: FALSE

7) The present value of a stream of cash flows is what that stream is worth in today's dollars.

现

金流的现值是该流值今天的美元价值。

Answer: TRUE

8) The present value of future cash flows is found by using a discount factor.

未来现金流量的现值是通过使用折扣系数找到。

Answer: TRUE

9) The rate of return k is also referred to as the present value of capital.

返回 k 率也被称为资本的现值。

Answer: FALSE

10) A negative NPV for an option indicates that the option will lose money for the supply chain.

一个负 NPV 选项表明该选项是会赔钱的供应链。

Answer: TRUE

11) The decision with the lowest NPV will provide a supply chain with the highest financial

return.

最低的 npv 决定提供的供应链的财务回报将最高。

Answer: FALSE

12) In reality, demand and prices are highly uncertain and are likely to fluctuate during the life of

any supply chain decision.

在现实中，需求和价格具有高度不确定性，可能会出现在任何

供应链决策的波动期内。

Answer: TRUE

13) For a global supply chain, exchange rates and inflation are unlikely to vary over time in

different locations.

对于

全球供应链，汇率和通货膨胀不大可能在不同的地点随着时间的推

移发生变化。

Answer: FALSE

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14) The multiplicative binomial cannot take on negative values and can be used for factors like

demand, price, and exchange rates that cannot become negative.

乘法二项式不能取负值，可

用于诸如需求，并且价格和汇率不能成为消极因素..

Answer: TRUE

15) A logical objection to both the multiplicative and additive binomial is the fact that the

underlying factor takes on two values at the end of each period.

两个逻辑反对乘性和加性二项

式是基本因素发生两个值在每期末尾的事实。

Answer: FALSE

16) If uncertainty is ignored, a manager will always sign long-term contracts because they are

typically cheaper and avoid all flexible capacity because it is more expensive.

如果不确定性被

忽略，管理者总是会签订长期合同，因为它们通常更便宜，并避免任何灵活性，因为它更

昂贵。

Answer: TRUE

17) During network design, managers need a methodology that allows them to estimate the

certainty in their forecast of demand and price and then incorporate this certainty into the

decision-making process.

在网络设计中，管理者需要一种方法使他们能够估计确他们的需

求和价格预测的确定性，然后将此确定性纳入决策过程。

Answer: FALSE

18) Decision trees with DCFs can be used to evaluate supply chain design decisions given

uncertainty in prices, demand, exchange rates, and inflation.

DCFs 决策树可以用于评价给出

价格、需求、汇率和通货膨胀的不确定性的供应链设计决策。

Answer: TRUE

19) Uncertainty in demand and economic factors should not be included in the financial

evaluation of supply chain design decisions. 需求和经济因素的不确定性不应列入的供应链

设计决策的财务评价中。

Answer: FALSE

20) In a complex decision tree, there are thousands of possible paths that may result from the

first period to the last.

在复杂的决策树中，有数以千计的可能会从第一个期到最后的可能

路径。

Answer: TRUE

21) Simulation methods are very good at evaluating a decision where the path itself is decision

dependent.

模拟方法是非常善于评估决定决定依赖路径本身在哪里。

Answer: FALSE

22) Simulation models require a higher setup cost to start and operate compared to decision tree

tools.

仿真模型需要更高的安装成本来启动和操作相比决策树工具。

Answer: TRUE

23) The main advantage of simulation models is that they can provide low-cost evaluations of

complex situations.

仿真模型的主要优点是它们可以提供低成本评价的复杂的情况。

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Answer: FALSE

24) Strategic planning and financial planning should be combined during supply chain network

design.

战略规划和财务规划应在供应链网络设计中相结合。

Answer: TRUE

25) The evaluation of supply chain networks should not use multiple metrics.

供应链网络的评

价不应使用多个度量。

Answer: FALSE

26) Financial analysis should be used as an input to decision making, not as the decision-making

process.

财务分析应该使用作为决策的输入，而不是作为决策过程。

Answer: TRUE

27) One of the best ways to speed up the process of financial analysis and arrive at a good

decision is to use estimates, except when it appears that finding a very accurate input would take

an inordinate amount of time.

加快金融分析的过程的最佳方法之一是使用时间估计，除非

当它出现找到一个非常准确的输入那将会花费大量时间。

Answer: FALSE

28) Globalization has offered tremendous opportunity as well as decreased risk in the

development of supply chains due to improved information flow.

全球化提供了供应链发展的

巨大机会以及由于改善了信息流使风险降低。

Answer: FALSE

29) Appropriate flexibility is an effective approach for a global supply chain to deal with a

variety of risks and uncertainties. Extra flexibility is always worth the cost.

适当的灵活性是全

球供应链以应对各种风险和不确定性的有效途径。额外的灵活性总是物有所值。

Answer: FALSE

30) Discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis evaluates the present value of any stream of future cash

flows and allows management to compare two streams of cash flows in terms of their financia

value. 贴现现金流（DCF）分析评估未来现金流的任何流的现值，并允许管理者比较两个

现金流的金融价值。 Answer: TRUE

31) When faced with uncertain conditions it is always best to sign long-term contracts (because

they are typically cheaper) and avoid all flexible capacity (because it is more expensive).

面对不

确定的条件时，总是最好签订长期合同，(因为他们通常更便宜)，避免所有的灵活能力，

(因为它是更昂贵)。

Answer: FALSE

32) The value of flexibility increases with an increase in uncertainty.

灵活性的价值随着不确定

性的增加而增加。

Answer: TRUE

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33) The inclusion of uncertainty typically increases the value of rigidity and decreases the value

of flexibility. 不确定度通常增加价值的刚度，并降低了灵活性的价值。 Answer: FALSE

34) Offshoring typically lowers labor, working capital and fixed costs but increases risk and

freight costs. 离岸外包通常降低了劳动、周转资金和固定的成本，但增加了风险和货运成

本。 Answer: FALSE

1) Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significant investments in the

supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase or

lease, and whether to build or lease warehouse space, 关于供应链重大投资，如数量和工厂建

设，卡车数量购买或租赁，以及是否建立或租用仓库空间

A) can be altered in the short term. 可以在短期内改变

B) cannot be altered in the short term. 不可以在短期内改变

C) cannot be altered in the long term. 只能在长期内改变

D) can only be altered in the short term. 只能在短期内改变

E) all of the above 以上都是

2) Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significant investments in the

supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase or

lease, and whether to build or lease warehouse space, 关于供应链重大投资，如数量和工厂建

设，卡车数量购买或租赁，以及是否建立或租用仓库空间

A) are realigned every few weeks. 每隔几周会重新调整。

B) only remain in place for several years. 只能保持原位好几年

C) rarely remain in place for several years.很少能保持原位好几年

D) only remain in place for a few weeks. 只能保持原位几个星期

E) often remain in place for several years. 经常保持不变好几年

3) Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significant investments in the

supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase or

lease, and whether to build or lease warehouse space, 关于供应链重大投资，如数量和工厂建

设，卡车数量购买或租赁，以及是否建立或租用仓库空间

A) define the boundaries within which the supply chain must compete.

界定了供应链的竞

争有一定的界限。

B) have little impact on how the supply chain must compete.

对供应链应如何竞争的影响不大

C) are irrelevant regarding how the supply chain will compete.与供应链如何竞争不相关

D) are the only consideration regarding how the supply chain will compete.

是关于供应链将如

何竞争的唯一考虑因素。

E) none of the above以上都不是

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4) Long-term contracts for both warehousing and transportation requirements will be more

effective if 对仓储和运输来说长期合同更有效如果

A) the demand and price of warehousing do not change in the future. 未来仓储的需求和价格

不变

B) the price of warehousing goes up in the future. 未来仓储的价格上涨

C) demand drops in the future.未来需求下降

D) the price of warehousing drops in the future.未来仓储的价格下降

E) A and B only 只有A和B正确

5) Short-term contracts for both warehousing and transportation requirements will be more

effective 对仓储和运输来说短期合同更有效如果

A) if the demand and price of warehousing do not change in the future. 未来仓储的需求和价格

不变

B) if the price of warehousing goes up in the future. 未来仓储的价格上涨

C) if either demand or the price of warehousing drops in the future.如果任一需求或仓储的

价格在未来下降

D) only if demand drops in the future. 仅仅需求在未来下降

E) only if the price of warehousing drops in the future. 仅仅仓储的价格下降在未来

6) The degree of demand and price uncertainty has 需求和价格的不确定性程度对

A) no effect on the appropriate portfolio of long- and short-term warehousing space that a firm

should carry.

对仓储公司应进行适当组合的短期和长期的仓储空间没有影响。

B) a limited influence on the appropriate portfolio of long- and short-term warehousing space

that a firm should carry.对仓储公司应进行的适当的投资组合短期和长期仓储空间影响有限

C) a minor influence on the appropriate portfolio of long- and short-term warehousing space that

a firm should carry. .对仓储公司应进行的适当的投资组合短期和长期仓储空间影响较小

D) a significant influence on the appropriate portfolio of long- and short-term warehousing

space that a firm should carry. .对仓储公司应进行的适当的投资组合短期和长期仓储空间

有重大影响

E) None of the above are true.以上都不是真的

7) Uncertainty of demand and price需求和价格的不确定性

A) drives the value of building flexible production capacity at a plant.在工厂建设具有灵活

生产能力的价值驱动

B) eliminates the value of building flexible production capacity at a plant.

消除了在工厂建设

灵活的生产能力的价值

C) facilitates the value of building flexible production capacity at a plant. 有利于在工厂建设灵

活的生产能力的价值。

D) has no effect on the value of building flexible production capacity at a plant.

对在厂房灵活

的生产能力的价值没有影响。

E) None of the above are true. 以上都不是真的

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8) If price and demand do vary over time in a global network,如果价格和需求随时间在全球网

络中变化

A) flexible production capacity should not be used in the new environment.

柔性生产能力不应

该在新的环境中使用。

B) flexible production capacity will be ineffective in the new environment.

柔性生产能力将在

新的环境无效

C) flexible production capacity can be reconfigured to minimize profits in the new environment.

柔性生产能力可以重新配置，以尽量减少新的环境中的利润。

D) flexible production capacity can be reconfigured to maximize profits in the new

environment.

柔性生产能力可配置在新环境中实现利润最大化。

E) flexible production capacity should never be used in an uncertain environment.柔性生产能力

永不能应用于不确定的环境

9) A firm may choose to build a flexible global supply chain even in the presence of little

demand or supply uncertainty if 一家公司可以选择构建一个灵活的全球供应链就算是需求

或供应的存在很小的不确定性，如果

A) certainty exists in both exchange rates and prices.汇率和价格都存在确定性 B) certainty

exists in exchange rates or prices.汇率或价格存在确定性 C) uncertainty exists in both

exchange rates and prices.汇率和价格都存在不确定性

D) uncertainty exists in exchange rates or prices.汇率或价格存在不确定性

E) uncertainty exists only in exchange rates.不确定性仅存在于汇率中

10) The present value of a future stream of cash flows is what that stream现金流的未来流的现

值是什么流

A) was worth in yesterday's dollars.在于昨日美元价值中

B) is worth in today's dollars.在今日美元价值中

C) will be worth in future dollars.将在未来美元价值中

D) might be worth in future dollars.可能在未来美元价值中

E) none of the above以上都不是

11) The process of evaluating the present value of any stream of future cash flows so that

management can compare two streams of cash flows in terms of their financial value is

评估未来现金流的任何流的现值的过程使管理人员可以比较现金流的两个流的财务价值是

A) annual cash flow (ACF) analysis. 每年的现金流（DCF）的分析。

B) discretionary cash flow (DCF) analysis.

可自由支配的现金流（DCF）的分析。

C) discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis.

贴现现金流（DCF）的分析

D) future cash flow (FCF) analysis.

未来现金流量（FCF）分析。

E) none of the above以上都不是

12) The present value of future cash flow is found by 预计未来现金流量的现值被发现

A) locating the correct factor on a z-table.

定位于z表中的正确的因素

B) using a discount factor.

使用贴现因子

C) plotting the function on a graph.

绘制关系图上的功能

D) adding the total of all future cash flows.

添加所有未来现金流量的总额

E) none of the above以上都不是

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13) The discount factor used to obtain the present value of money in the next period where k

represents the rate of return is在今后一个时期货币的现值所采用的贴现因子中的K表示的回

报率是

A) k. B) 1+k. C) 1/(1+k).

D) k /(1+k).m E、none of the above

14) The rate of return k is also referred to as the 返回 k 率也被称为

A) discount rate.

折现率

B) hurdle rate.

最低预期回报率

C) opportunity cost of capital.

资本的机会成本

D) all of the above以上都是

E) none of the above以上都不是

15) What is the present value of a $27 revenue that will be received in one year where the rate of

return is 8% (.08)?收益率为8%一年后可接收$27的现值则原值为？

A) $2.50 B) $15.00

C) $25.00 D) $30.00 E) none of the above

16) The net present value (NPV) of a stream of cash flows is equal to现金流的净现值（NPV）

等于

A) the sum of all cash flows for all periods being considered. 正在考虑的所有期间的所有现金

流总和

B) the sum of all cash flows for all periods being considered divided by the number of periods.

正在考虑的所有期间的所有现金流总和除以的期数

C) the average of all cash flows for all periods being considered.

正在审议的所有时期的所有

现金流的平均值

D) the average of all cash flows for all periods being considered multiplied by the number of

periods.

正在考虑的所有期间的所有现金流乘以期数的平均值

E) the sum of all cash flows for all periods being considered discounted by the rate of

return for each period. 正在考虑的所有期间的所有现金流的收益率为每个期间提供折扣

的总和。

17) A negative NPV (net present value) for an option indicates that the option will负 NPV (净

现值) 的选项表明该选项将

A) gain money for the supply chain.为供应链赚钱

B) lose money for the supply chain.使供应链赔钱

C) maximize profit for the supply chain.对供应链利润最大化

D) minimize profit for the supply chain.尽量减少供应链的利润

E) none of the above以上都不是

18) The decision with the highest NPV (net present value) will provide a supply chain with最高

的 npv (净现值) 决定将提供与供应链

A) the highest financial return.

最高的财务回报

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B) the lowest financial return.

最低的财务回报

C) a reasonable financial return.

合理的财务回报

D) the least desirable financial return.

最不理想的财务回报

E) none of the above 以上都不是

19) The NPV (net present value) of a cash stream that is equal to $100 per period for 5 periods

with a rate of return of 10% (.10) per period would be计算每期$ 100，10％（0.10）的回报率

每周期，5个周期的npv（现金流）

A) 379.08.

B) 416.98.

C) 500.00.

D) 610.51.

E) 671.56.

20) The NPV (net present value) of a cash stream that is equal to $75 per period for 5 periods

with a rate of return of 10% (.10) per period would be计算每期$ 75，10％（0.10）的回报率每

周期，5个周期的npv（现金流）

A) 221.37.

B) 284.30.

C) 312.74.

D) 375.00.

E) none of the above

21) In reality, demand and prices are 在现实中，需求和价格都

A) highly certain and not likely to fluctuate during the life of any supply chain decision.高度确

定并且不会在供应链决策过程中出现波动

B) highly certain and likely to fluctuate during the life of any supply chain decision. .高度确定

并且会在供应链决策过程中出现波动

C) highly uncertain and not likely to fluctuate during the life of any supply chain decision. 高度

不确定并且不会在供应链决策过程中出现波动

D) highly uncertain and likely to fluctuate during the life of any supply chain decision. 高

度不确定并且会在供应链决策过程中出现波动

E) none of the above以上都不是

22) For a global supply chain, exchange rates and inflation are 对于全球供应链，汇率和通货

膨胀

A) likely to vary over time in different locations.

可能在不同的位置随着时间的推移会发

生变化。

B) not likely to vary over time in different locations. 不可能在不同的位置随着时间的推移会

发生变化。

C) not likely to vary over time in any locations.不可能在地点随时间推移发生变化

D) likely to be stable over time in all locations.随着时间推移在所有位置稳定

E) none of the above 以上都不是

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23) The binomial representation of uncertainty is based on the assumption that when moving

from one period to the next, the value of the underlying factor (such as demand or price)

不确定

性的二项式表示基于这样的假设，从一个期间移到下一步时,(如需求或价格) 因子的价值基

础

A) has only one possible outcome.

有且只一个可能的结果

B) has only two possible outcomes - up or down.

有且只有两个可能的结果-向上或向下。

C) has many possible outcomes.有许多可能的结果

D) cannot be accurately determined.不能准确的确定

E) none of the above以上都不是

24) In the commonly used multiplicative binomial, it is assumed that the underlying factor在常

用的乘法二项式，假定的基础因素

A) moves up by a factor u > 1 with probability p.

将因子 u > 1 以概率 p上移

B) moves down by a factor u > 1 with probability p.

将因子 u > 1 以概率p下移

C) moves down by a factor d < 1 with probability 1 - p.

将因子d<1

以概率 1-p下移

D) either A or B A或B

E) either A or C A或C

25) The multiplicative binomial can be used for factors like demand, price, and exchange rates

that cannot become negative because it乘法二项式可以用于因素像需求、价格和汇率但它

不能为负值因为它

A) can take on negative values. 可以取负值

B) cannot take on negative values.

不能取负值

C) can take on positive values.

可以采取积极的价值观

D) cannot take on positive values.

不能取正值

E) all of the above以上都是

26) A logical objection to both the multiplicative and additive binomial is the fact that the

underlying factor 逻辑异议反对乘性和加性二项式事实的根本原因

A) takes on only one of two possible values at the end of each period.带上两个可能值中的

一个在每期末尾

B) takes on two values at the end of each period.在每期末尾带两个值

C) takes on one of many possible values at the end of each period.在每期末尾带众多可能值中

的一个

D) takes on several of many possible values at the end of each period. 在每期末尾带众多可能

值中的几个

E) none of the above以上都不是

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27) A decision tree is决策树是

A) a graphic device used to evaluate decisions under certainty.

用于评估确定情况下的图形设

备。

B) a graphic device used to evaluate decisions under uncertainty. 用于评估不确定情况下

的图形设备。

C) a tabular device used to evaluate decisions under certainty. 用来评估确定情况下的表格装

置

D) a tabular device used to evaluate decisions under uncertainty. 用来评估确不定情况下的表

格装置

E) none of the above以上都不是

28) Decision tree analysis is based on Bellman's principle, which states that for any choice of

strategy in a given state,

决策树分析是基于贝尔曼的原则，其中指出对战略一个给定的状

态的任何选择

A) the optimal strategy is the one that is selected if the entire analysis is assumed to begin in the

first period.

最优策略是如整个分析假定在第一期开始处于选中状态

B) the optimal strategy is the one that is selected if the entire analysis is assumed to begin in the

last period.

最优策略是整个分析假定在最后时期开始处于选中状态

C) the optimal strategy in the next period is the one that is selected if the entire analysis is

assumed to begin in the last period.

今后一个时期的最优策略是整个分析假定在最后时期开

始处于选中状态

D) the optimal strategy in the next period is the one that is selected if the entire analysis is

assumed to begin in the next period.

今后一个时期的最优策略是整个分析假定在下一个期

间开始处于选中状态。

E) none of the above以上都不是

29) The first step in decision tree analysis methodology is to 决策树分析方法的第一步是

A) identify factors such as demand, price, and exchange rate, whose fluctuation will be

considered over the next T periods.

确定因素，如需求，价格和汇率，其波动将被视为在未

来Ť周期。

B) identify the periodic discount rate k for each period.

确定每一时期的定期折扣率k

C) start at period T, work back to Period 0 identifying the optimal decision and the expected cash

flows at each step. Expected cash flows at each step in a given period should be discounted back

when included in the previous period.

在周期 T开始，回到期 0 并确定最优决策和预期的

现金流以及每一步的工作。包括在前一时期应该打折预期在一定时期内每一步的现金流

量。

D) identify the duration of each period (month, quarter, etc.) and the number of periods T

over which the decision is to be evaluated.

确定每个期间（月，季度等）和其上要被评估的

时间段T的数量和持续时间

E) identify representations of uncertainty for each factor; that is, determine what distribution to

use to model the uncertainty.

确定各因素的不确定性的表达形式，也就是说，确定要使用的

分布的不确定性模型

30) The last step in decision tree analysis methodology is to 决策树分析方法的最后一步是

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A) identify factors such as demand, price, and exchange rate, whose fluctuation will be

considered over the next T periods.

确定因素，如需求，价格和汇率，其波动将被视为在未

来Ť周期。

B) identify the periodic discount rate k for each period.

确定每一时期的定期折扣率k

C) start at period T, work back to Period 0, identifying the optimal decision and the

expected cash flows at each step. Expected cash flows at each step in a given period should

be discounted back when included in the previous period. 在周期 T开始，回到期 0 并确

定最优决策和预期的现金流以及每一步的工作。包括在前一时期应该打折预期在一定时

期内每一步的现金流量。

D) identify the duration of each period (month, quarter, etc.) and the number of periods T over

which the decision is to be evaluated. 确定每个期间（月，季度等）和其上要被评估的时间段

T的数量和持续时间

E) identify representations of uncertainty for each factor; that is, determine what distribution to

use to model the uncertainty. 确定各因素的不确定性的表达形式，也就是说，确定要使用的

分布的不确定性模型

31) Uncertainty in demand and economic factors should be included in the financial evaluation

of supply chain design decisions, because 需求和经济因素的不确定性应列入供应链设计决

策的财务分析，因为

A) the exclusion of certainty may have a significant impact on this evaluation.

确定性的排除可

能对这个评价有显著的影响

B) the exclusion of uncertainty may have a significant impact on this evaluation. 不确定性的排

除可能对这个评价有显著的影响

C) the inclusion of certainty may have a significant impact on this evaluation.确定性的纳入可

能对此评价影响显著

D) the inclusion of uncertainty may have a significant impact on this evaluation. 不确定性

的纳入可能对此评价影响显著

E) none of the above 以上都不是

32) Flexibility should be valued by taking into account uncertainty in demand and economic

factors. In general, flexibility will tend to灵活性应考虑到需求和经济因素的不确定性对账户

进行估值。在一般情况下，灵活性将趋于

A) decrease in value with a decrease in certainty.

减少确定性的价值降低

B) increase in value with an increase in uncertainty.增加不确定性的价值上升

C) decrease in value with an increase in uncertainty.减少不确定性的价值的增加

D) increase in value with an increase in certainty.增加确定性的价值上升

E) None of the above are accurate.以上都不准确

33) A major factor that makes the decision tree methodology quite powerful is

决策树方法功能非常强大的一个主要因素是

A) the choice of certainty. 选择确定性

B) the choice of discount rate. 折现率的选择

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C) the choice of uncertainty level.不确定水平的选择

D) the choice of additive factor.加性因子的选择

E) all of the above以上都是

34) The appropriate discount rate used in decision tree methodology在决策树法中使用适当的

折现率

A) should be risk-adjusted and risk may vary by period and decision node.

应该是调整风

险并且风险的时期和决定节点可能会发生变化。

B) should be risk-adjusted and risk may not vary by period and decision node.

C) should not be risk-adjusted and risk may vary by period and decision node.

D) should not be risk-adjusted and risk may not vary by period and decision node.

E) None of the above are accurate.

35) Firms should use simulation for evaluating decisions when 公司应该使用模拟的评估决定

时

A) underlying decision trees are simple and explicit solutions for the underlying decision tree are

difficult to obtain.

B) underlying decision trees are very complex and explicit solutions for the underlying

decision tree are difficult to obtain.底层决策树是非常复杂的并且底层决策树的显示解决

方案难以获得。

C) underlying decision trees are simple and explicit solutions for the underlying decision tree are

easy to obtain.

D) underlying decision trees are very complex and explicit solutions for the underlying decision

tree are easy to obtain.

E) none of the above

36) In a complex decision tree there are 在一个复杂的决策树有

A) only a few possible paths that may result from the first period to the last.

B) less than thirty possible paths that may result from the first period to the last.

C) thousands of possible paths that may result from the first period to the last.

成千上万的，

可能导致从第一期间到最后可能的路径。

D) an infinite number of possible paths that may result from the first period to the last.

E) none of the above

37) Simulation models 模拟模型

A) require a higher setup cost to start and operate compared to decision tree tools.

需要更

高的安装启动和操作成本与决策树工具相比。

B) require a lower setup cost to start and operate compared to decision tree tools.

C) require a higher setup cost to start but less to operate compared to decision tree tools.

D) require a lower setup cost to start but more to operate compared to decision tree tools.

E) none of the above

38) Strategic planning and financial planning 战略规划和财务规划

A) should be performed independently during supply chain network design.

B) should be performed sequentially during supply chain network design.

C) should be performed hierarchically during supply chain network design.

D) should be performed concurrently during supply chain network design.

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E) should be combined during supply chain network design.

应与供应链网络设计相结合

39) The evaluation of supply chain networks 评估供应链网络

A) should use only one metric.

B) should use multiple metrics. 应使用多个度量。

C) should not use more than one metric.

D) should not use multiple metrics.

E) should be subjective.

40) Financial analysis should be used as 财务分析应作为

A) the decision-making process.

B) an alternative decision-making process.

C) an input to decision making, not as the decision-making process.

一个输入决策,而不

是作为决策过程。

D) all of the above

E) none of the above

41) One of the best ways to speed up the process of financial analysis and arrive at a good

decision is to 加快金融分析的过程并得到一个好决定的最佳方法之一是

A) use estimates of inputs when it appears that finding a very accurate input would take an

inordinate amount of time.

B) use estimates backed up by sensitivity analysis when it appears that finding a very

accurate input would take an inordinate amount of time.

使用并辅以敏感性分析当预计找

到一个非常准确的输入会花大量的时间时。

C) use estimates of inputs except when it appears that finding a very accurate input would take

an inordinate amount of time.

D) make sure that every detail is very accurate.

E) none of the above

42) The tailored strategy "Focus on low-cost, decentralized capacity for predictable demand"

follows which risk mitigation strategy?

量身定做的战略"焦点可预测需求的低成本，分散能

力"是遵循哪些风险缓解策略

A) Get redundant suppliers

B) Increase capacity 增加容量

C) Increase responsiveness

D) Increase inventory

43) Flexibility can be divided into three broad categories. Which of the following is not one of

the categories?

灵活性可以分为三大类。下列哪一项不是类别之一?

A) New product flexibility

B) Mix flexibility

C) Risk flexibility 风险灵活性

D) Volume flexibility

44) A labor dispute is a risk driver to be considered during network design. What category does a

"labor dispute" belong?

劳动争议是网络设计时要考虑风险的驱动程序。下列那类属于“劳

1-39

资纠纷”？

A) Disruptions 中断

B) Inventory risk 库存风险

C) Systems risk 系统风险

D) Capacity risk 风险能力

45) What is the type of this network design? 这种网络设计的类型是？

A) Dedicated network

B) Fully flexible network 完全灵活的网络（全柔性网）

C) Chained network with one long chain

D) Chained network with two long chains

Answer: B

46) Simulation methods are very good at evaluating decisions when 模拟方法在评估决策时

非常好当

A) the paths are decision dependent.

B) the decision rules are simple.

C) there are different forms of uncertainty.

有不同形式的不确定性

D) implicit solutions are needed for analysis.

47) The textbook mentions that decision makers should design global supply chain networks

considering a portfolio of strategic options including 教科书提到决策者设计全球供应链网络

应该考虑产品组合的战略选择包括

A) the option to wait, build finite capacity, build flexible capacity.

B) sign shorter-term contracts, purchase from the spot market.

C) uncertainty can usually be disregarded.

D) the option to wait, build excess capacity, build flexible capacity.

选择等待，生产产能过

剩，建立灵活的容量。

1) The goal of aggregate planning is to satisfy demand in a way that minimizes profit综合计划

的目标是为了满足实现利润最大化的要求 FALSE

2) Aggregate planning is a process by which a company determines levels of capacity,

production, subcontracting, inventory, stockouts, and even pricing over a specified time horizon.

综合计划是公司在指定的时间范围决定生产能力，生产，转包，库存，缺货，甚至定价水

平的过程。

Answer: TRUE

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3) Aggregate planning solves problems involving aggregate decisions rather than stock keeping

unit (SKU) level decisions.综合计划解决涉及总决定的问题而不是库存单位（SKU）级别的

问题

Answer: TRUE

4) Traditionally, much of aggregate planning is focused within an enterprise and may not always

be seen as a part of supply chain management.

传统意义上，大部分的综合计划在企业内集

中并且不可能总是被视为供应链管理的一部分。

Answer: TRUE

5) Aggregate planning is an important supply chain issue because, to be effective, it requires

inputs from throughout the supply chain, but its results have little impact on the supply chain.

综

合计划是一个重要的供应链问题，因为，若要有效，它需要整个供应链的投入，但其结果

对供应链的影响不大。

Answer: FALSE

6) Short-term production serves as a broad blueprint for operations and establishes the

parameters within which aggregate planning decisions are made.

短期生产可作为操作的广阔

蓝图，确立了其内整体计划决策的参数。

Answer: FALSE

7) The aggregate planning problem is concerned with determining the production level,

inventory level, and capacity level (internal and outsourced) for each period that maximizes the

firm's profit over the planning horizon.

综合计划问题涉及确定生产水平，库存水平和能力

水平（内部和外包），以便于每一个在计划期内最大限度地提高公司的盈利期。Answer:

TRUE

8) To create an aggregate plan, a company must specify the planning horizon for the plan and the

duration of each period within the planning horizon.

若要创建综合计划，公司必须指定规划

计划和规划范围内每一期的持续时间。

Answer: TRUE

9) A planning horizon is usually between three and five years. 一个规划周期通常在三到五年

之间 Answer: FALSE

10) A poor aggregate plan can result in improved sales and profits if the available inventory and

capacity are unable to meet demand.

一个拙劣综合计划会导致销售额和利润提高如果可用

库存和能力不能满足需求时。 Answer: FALSE

11) A poor aggregate plan may result in a large amount of excess inventory and capacity, thereby

raising costs.

一个拙劣的总计划可能会导致大量的库存过剩，从而提高了成本 Answer:

TRUE

12) The aggregate planner must make a trade-off between capacity, inventory, and backlog costs.

综合计划规划师必须在能力、库存和积压成本之间权衡。Answer: TRUE

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13) An aggregate plan that increases one cost typically results in the increase of the other two.

通常增加一个综合计划会导致其他两个的增加。

Answer: FALSE

14) Most strategies that an aggregate planner actually uses are in combination, and are referred to

as hybrid strategies.

综合计划规划师实际上使用大多数策略的组合，这些组合被称为混合

策略。

Answer: TRUE

15) A highly effective tool for a company to use when it tries to maximize profits while being

subjected to a series of constraints is aggregate programming.

一家公司，当它试图使利润最

大化同时遭受一系列的约束时，可使用的高度有效得工具是总体规划。

Answer: FALSE

16) To improve the quality of these aggregate plans, forecast errors must be taken into account

when formulating aggregate plans.

为了

提高综合计划的质量，在制订总体计划时预测的误

差必须考虑。

Answer: TRUE

17) Forecasting errors are dealt with in aggregate plans using either safety backlog or safety

capacity.

综合计划的预测误差处理使用安全积压或安全能力的方式处理。

Answer: FALSE

18) Safety inventory is defined as inventory held to satisfy demand that is higher than forecasted.

安全库存被指存货以满足高于预测的需求。

Answer: FALSE

19) Safety capacity is defined as capacity used to satisfy demand that is lower than forecasted.

安全能力定义为用于满足低于预测的需求的能力。

Answer: FALSE

20) Companies should work with downstream partners to produce forecasts and with upstream

partners to determine constraints when doing aggregate planning.

公司应与下游伙伴做生产预

测的工作并用于与上游合作伙伴在确定综合计划时的约束。

Answer: TRUE

21) Given that forecasts are always wrong to some degree, the aggregate plan needs to have

some flexibility built into it if it is to be useful.

考虑到预测总是有一定的错误程度，综合计

划需要有一定的灵活性以适应它。

Answer: TRUE

22) A manager should perform sensitivity analysis on the inputs into an aggregate plan to choose

the best solution for the range of possibilities that could occur.

经理应进行有关综合计划投入

的灵敏度分析，选择应对各种可能发生的可能性的最佳解决方案。

Answer: TRUE

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23) As inputs into the aggregate plan change, managers do not need to make changes to the

aggregate plan.

随着投入的综合计划发生变化，管理人员不需要对综合计划进行更改。

Answer: FALSE

24) As capacity utilization increases, it becomes less important to perform aggregate planning.

随着产能利用率增加，执行综合规划变得不那么重要。

Answer: FALSE

25) Aggregate planning is a process by which a company determines planned levels of capacity,

production, subcontracting, inventory, stockouts, and even pricing over a specified time horizon.

综合计划是由公司决定产能，产量，分包，库存，缺货，甚至定价在指定时间范围的计划

水平的过程。

Answer: TRUE

26) The goal of aggregate planning is to build a plan that satisfies demand while maximizing

profit.

综合计划的目标是建立一个满足需求的同时实现利润最大化的计划。

Answer: TRUE

27) The goal of aggregate planning is to build a plan that satisfies demand while minimizing

downtime.

综合计划的目标是建立一个满足需求的同时尽量缩短停机时间的计划。

Answer: FALSE

28) Linear programming finds the solution that creates the highest profit while satisfying most of

the constraints that a company faces.

线性规划问题找到同时满足公司面临的大多数制约因

素并创造最大利润的解决方案。

Answer: FALSE

29) Linear programming finds the solution that creates the highest profit while satisfying the

constraints that a company faces.

线性规划问题找到能创建最高的利润并同时满足公司所面

临的约束条件的解决方案。

Answer: TRUE

1) The process by which a company determines levels of capacity, production, subcontracting,

inventory, stockouts, and even pricing over a specified time horizon is一个公司决定产能，产

量，分包，库存，缺货，甚至定价在指定时间范围的计划水平的过程是

A) aggregate planning.综合计划

B) detail planning.

C) inventory planning.

D) sales planning.

E) all of the above

2) The goal of aggregate planning is to综合计划的目标是

A) dissatisfy customers in a way that maximizes profit.

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B) dissatisfy customers in a way that minimizes profit.

C) satisfy demand in a way that maximizes profit.满足需求的同时实现利润最大化

D) satisfy demand in a way that minimizes profit.

E) none of the above

3) Aggregate planning solves problems involving 综合计划解决的问题涉及

A) aggregate decisions and stock keeping unit (SKU) level decisions.

B) aggregate decisions or stock keeping unit (SKU) level decisions.

C) aggregate decisions rather than stock keeping unit (SKU) level decisions. 总决定的问题

而不是库存单位（SKU）级别的问题

D) stock keeping unit (SKU) level decisions rather than aggregate decisions.

E) B and C only

4) Aggregate planning, to be effective, requires inputs from 综合计划，要有效，需要投入

A) all customers.

B) all departments.

C) all suppliers.

D) throughout the supply chain.在整个供应链

E) throughout the company.

5) Much of aggregate planning has traditionally been focused大部分的综合计划的传统一直专

注

A) on short-term production scheduling.

B) on customer relationship management.

C) within an enterprise. 企业内

D) beyond enterprise boundaries.

E) all of the above

6) The operational parameter concerned with the number of units completed per unit time (such

as per week or per month) is 有关每单位时间 (例如，每周或每月) 完成的单位数目的工作

参数是

A) production rate.生产速率

B) workforce.

C) overtime.

D) backlog.

E) inventory on hand.

7) The operational parameter concerned with the number of workers/units of capacity needed for

production is 有关生产所需的工人/单元的数量的工作参数是

A) production rate.

B) workforce.劳动力

C) overtime.

D) backlog.

E) inventory on hand.

8) The operational parameter concerned with the amount of overtime production planned is有关

加班的计划量的操作参数是

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A) production rate. B) workforce.

C) overtime.加时

D) backlog. E) inventory on hand.

9) The operational parameter concerned with demand not satisfied in the period in which it arises,

but carried over to future periods is有关需求在发生时期未满足但转结到今后周期的工作参

数是

A) production rate.

B) workforce.

C) overtime.

D) backlog.积压

E) inventory on hand.

10) The operational parameter concerned with the planned inventory carried over the various

periods in the planning horizon is有关在规划期内结转的各个时期的库存计划的操作参数为

A) production rate.

B) workforce.

C) overtime.

D) backlog.

E) inventory on hand.现有库存

11) The operational parameter concerned with the number of units of machine capacity needed

for production is有关生产所需的机器能力的单位数的操作参数是

A) machine capacity level.机器性能水平

B) subcontracting.

C) overtime.

D) backlog.

E) inventory on hand.

12) The operational parameter concerned with the subcontracted capacity required over the

planning horizon is有关规划期内的转包生产能力的工作参数是

A) machine capacity level.

B) subcontracting.

C) overtime.超时

D) backlog.

E) inventory on hand.

13) Aggregate planning is concerned with determining 综合计划是确定

A) the production level, sales level, and capacity for each period.

B) the demand level, inventory level, and capacity for each period.

C) the production level, inventory level, and capacity for each period.

生产水平，库存水平，

和每周期容量。

D) the production level, staffing level, and capacity for each period.

14) The planning horizon is规划范围是

A) the time period over which the aggregate plan is to produce a solution.综合计划生产解

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决方案的时间段

B) the duration of each time period in the aggregate plan.

C) the length of time required to produce the aggregate plan.

D) the solution to the aggregate plan.

15) The length of the planning horizon is usually between 规划范围的长度通常是在___之间

A) one and three months.

B) three and eighteen months.三到十八个月

C) one and three years. D) three and five years.

16) Which of the following is not information needed by the aggregate planner?

下列哪一项不

是综合计划规划师所需的信息

A) Demand forecast for each period in the planning horizon

B) Production costs

C) Labor costs

D) Cost of subcontracting production

E) Cost of changing the demand forecast不断变化的需求预测成本

17) Which of the following is not a cost of changing capacity?

下列哪一项不是成本的变化能

力

A) Cost of adding machine capacity

B) Cost of hiring workforce

C) Cost of laying off workforce

D) Cost of overtime 加班成本

E) Cost of reducing machine capacity

Answer: D

18) Which of the following is not a constraint the aggregate planner needs to consider?

下列哪

一项不是综合计划规划师需要考虑的约束因素?

A) Limits on stockouts and backlogs

B) Limits on overtime

C) Limits on sales commissions 销售佣金限制

D) Limits on layoffs

E) Limits on capital available

Answer: C

19) A poor aggregate plan can result in 一个拙劣的总计划可能导致

A) appropriate inventory levels.

B) efficient use of capacity.

C) better sales and lost profits.

D) lost sales and lost profits.销售额和利润损失

E) lost sales and better profits.

Answer: D

20) The fundamental trade-offs available to an aggregate planner are between对综合计划规划

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者来说可用的基本权衡在___之间

A) capability, inventory, and backlog costs.

B) capability, inventory, and sales costs.

C) capacity, inventory, and backlog costs.产能，库存和积压成本

D) capacity, inventory, and sales costs.

Answer: C

21) Which of the following is not a distinct aggregate planning strategy for achieving balance

between capacity, inventory, and backlog costs?

以下哪一项不是为实现产能，库存和积压成

本之间的平衡的鲜明的综合计划？

A) Adjustable strategy 可调战略

B) Chase strategy 追逐策略

C) Level strategy 均衡策略

D) Mixed strategy 混合战略

E) Time flexible strategy 时间柔性策略

Answer: A

22) The strategy where the production rate is synchronized with the demand rate by varying

machine capacity or hiring and laying off employees as the demand rate varies is the通过改变机

器产能或雇佣和解雇员工改变需求速率以实现生产速率和需求速率的同步的策略是

A) adjustable strategy.

B) Chase strategy. 追赶策略

C) level strategy.

D) mixed strategy.

E) time flexible strategy.

Answer: B

23) The strategy where workforce (capacity) is kept stable but the number of hours worked is

varied over time in an effort to synchronize production with demand is the劳动力 (能力) 保持

稳定，但工作小时数生产和需求同步变化的策略是

A) adjustable strategy.

B) Chase strategy.

C) level strategy.

D) mixed strategy.

E) time flexible strategy.时间柔性策略

Answer: E

24) The strategy where a stable machine capacity and workforce are maintained with a constant

output rate, with inventory levels fluctuating over time, is the其中稳定的机械产能和劳动力都

保持恒定的输出速率，库存水平随时间推移波动的策略是

A) adjustable strategy.

B) Chase strategy.

C) level strategy. 均衡策略

D) mixed strategy.

E) time flexible strategy.

Answer: C

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25) Most strategies that an aggregate planner actually uses are in combination and are referred to

as the 综合计划规划师实际上使用的大多数策略组合被称为

A) adjustable strategy.

B) Chase strategy.

C) level strategy.

D) mixed strategy. 混合策略

E) time flexible strategy.

Answer: D

26) A highly effective tool for a company to use when it tries to maximize profits while being

subjected to a series of constraints is 一家公司，当它试图使利润最大化同时遭受一系列的

约束时，可使用的高度有效得工具是

A) aggregate programming.

B) distribution programming.

C) production programming.

D) linear programming. 线性规划

E) manufacturing programming.

Answer: D

27) When formulating aggregate plans,

制订总体计划时

A) forecast errors have no impact.

B) forecast errors must be taken into account. 预测错误必须加以考虑

C) forecast accuracy is assumed.

D) forecast accuracy is not a factor.

Answer: B

28) Forecasting errors are dealt with using 预测错误处理使用

A) safety backlog.

B) safety capacity. 安全能力

C) safety inventory. 安全库存

D) all of the above

E) B and C only B和C

Answer: E

29) Inventory held to satisfy demand that is higher than forecasted is 持有库存来满足需求高于

预测是

A) safety backlog.

B) safety capacity.

C) safety inventory. 安全库存

D) safety sales.

E) safety workforce.

Answer: C

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30) Capacity used to satisfy demand that is higher than forecasted is 用于满足高于预测的需求

的能力是

A) safety backlog.

B) safety capacity.安全能力

C) safety inventory.

D) safety sales.

E) safety workforce.

Answer: B

31) Which of the following is an approach a company can use to create a buffer for forecast error

using safety inventory?

公司可以使用创建缓冲区和安全库存量应对预测误差的一种方法是

下列哪一项?

A) Overtime 加班

B) Carry extra workforce permanently

C) Build and carry extra inventories

D) Subcontracting

E) Purchase capacity or product from an open or spot market

Answer: A

32) Which of the following is not an approach a company can use to create a buffer for forecast

error using safety capacity? 公司可以使用创建缓冲区和安全库存量应对预测误差的一种方

法不是下列哪一项?

A) Overtime

B) Carry extra workforce permanently

C) Build and carry extra inventories

D) Subcontracting 分包

E) Purchase capacity or product from an open or spot market

Answer: C

33) Aggregate planning should consider information from整体计划应考虑信息

A) only the enterprise as its breadth of scope. 仅在企业涉及的范围

B) downstream partners to produce forecasts.下游合作伙伴的生产预测

C) upstream partners to determine constraints.上有合作伙伴的决定约束

D) all of the above以上都是

E) B and C only

Answer: D

34) The quality of the aggregate plan can be improved by using information from综合计划的质

量可以提高通过利用信息来自

A) only the local firm.

B) only downstream partners. 只有下游合作伙伴

C) only upstream partners.

D) all parts of the supply chain.

E) none of the above

Answer: B

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35) The aggregate plan should be communicated to综合计划应送交给

A) only the local firm.

B) only downstream partners.

C) only upstream partners.只有上有合作伙伴

D) all supply chain partners who will be affected by it.

E) none of the above

Answer: C

36) The aggregate plan needs to 综合计划需要

A) be a final product because changes are disruptive to the supply chain.

B) be considered fixed because forecasts are usually accurate.

C) have some flexibility built into it because forecasts are always wrong.有一些灵活性内置

因为预测总是容易出错

D) have some flexibility built into it because forecasts are usually right.

Answer: C

37) How frequently should the aggregate plan be rerun?如何频繁的重新应用综合计划？

A) Weekly

B) Monthly

C) Every 3 to 8 months

D) As inputs to the aggregate plan change作为投入的综合计划变更

Answer: D

38) As capacity utilization increases, 随着产能利用率的增加

A) it becomes less important to perform aggregate planning.

B) it becomes more important to perform aggregate planning.执行综合计划变得更为重要

C) it does not affect the importance of performing aggregate planning.

D) it lessens the importance of aggregate planning.

Answer: B

39) A ________ is the time period over which the aggregate plan is to produce a

solution–usually between 3 and 18 months._______综合计划产生该解决方案的时间段通常在

3到18个月之间

A) planning horizon 规划周期

B) time window

C) look ahead

D) freeze window

Answer: A

40) An aggregate planner requires information on constraints. Which of the following is one of

the typical constraints for an aggregate planner?

综合计划规划师需要有关约束的信息。下列

哪一项是综合计划策划人的典型约束之一?

A) Inventory holding cost

B) Labor/machine hours required per unit

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C) Stockout or backlog cost

D) Limits on overtime 限制加班

Answer: D

41) ________ is used to determine customer service levels.

___ 用于确定客户服务水平。

A) Inventory held

B) Backlog/stockout quantity积压/缺货量

C) Workforce hired/laid off

D) Machine capacity increase/decrease

Answer: B

42) Which of the following is not one of the fundamental trade-offs available to a planner?下列

哪一项不是规划师可用的基本权衡呢？

A) Capacity (regular time, overtime, subcontracted)

B) Inventory

C) Warehouse availability 仓库的可用性

D) Backlog/lost sales because of delay

Answer: C

43) There are essentially three distinct aggregate planning strategies for achieving balance

between costs. Which of the following is not one of these?

本质上有实现成本之间的平衡三种

不同的综合计划的战略。以下哪一项不是其中之一？

A) Chase strategy–using capacity as the lever

B) Flexibility strategy–using utilization as the lever

C) Level strategy–using inventory as the lever

D) Response strategy–using utilization as the lever应对策略 - 使用利用率杠杆

Answer: D

44) Which of the following is not a dimension along which IT can add value in the aggregate

planning realm?

下列哪一项不是IT可以添加在综合计划领域的价值维度?

A) The ability to handle large problems

B) The ability to handle complex problems

C) The ability to guarantee optimal solutions 保证最佳解决方案的能力

D) The ability to interact with other core IT systems

Answer: C

Learning Outcome: Describe major approaches to forecasting

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45) Which is not reasonable when implementing aggregate planning in practice?在实践中实施

综合计划时哪个不合理？

A) Think beyond the enterprise to the entire supply chain.

B) Make plans flexible, because most forecasts are accurate.制定灵活的计划，因为大多数

的与测试准确的

C) Rerun the aggregate plan as new data emerge.

D) Use aggregate planning as capacity utilization increases.

Answer: B

1) Predictable variability is change in demand that cannot be forecasted.可预测的变化随需求变

化不能预测

Answer: FALSE

2) Faced with predictable variability of demand, a company's goal is to respond in a manner that

maximizes profitability.

面对需求的预测变化，公司的目标是以最大限度地提高盈利能力

的方式作出回应

Answer: TRUE

3) The advantage of carrying enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in any period is

very low inventory costs, because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

携带

足够的生产能力来满足任何期间内的需求的优点是库存成本非常低，因为没有库存需要在

各期继续开展。

Answer: TRUE

4) The disadvantage of carrying enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in any period is

that much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was

lower.

携带足够的生产能力来满足任何期间内的需求缺点是很多昂贵的容量会在需求较低

的多数个月未被使用。

Answer: TRUE

5) The advantage of building up inventory during the off season to keep production stable year

round lies in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, more expensive factory.

建立库存

淡季常年稳定生产的优势在于一家公司能与更小、更昂贵的工厂的合作。

Answer: FALSE

6) The disadvantage of building up inventory during the off season to keep production stable

year round is the expensive capacity that would go unused during most months when demand

was lower.

建立库存淡季常年稳定生产的缺点是会在大多数时候需求较低的几个月期间未

使用昂贵的容量。

Answer: FALSE

7) An approach where a firm works with their retail partners in the supply chain to offer a price

promotion during periods of low demand would shift some of the demand into a slow period,

thereby spreading demand more evenly throughout the year and reducing the seasonal surge.

一

家公司与他们供应链上的零售合作伙伴在需求较低的期间会提供价格促销方法来转移一些

1-52

需求进入一个缓慢的时期，从而更均匀地分散整个一年的需求，降低季节性激增。

Answer: TRUE

8) With supply and demand management decisions being made independently, it is easier to

coordinate the supply chain, thereby increasing profit.

供给和需求管理决定分别独立进行，

更容易协调供应链，从而增加利润

Answer: FALSE

9) A firm can vary supply of product by controlling production capacity and inventory.

一个公

司可以通过控制产能和库存来变换产品供应

Answer: TRUE

10) A firm that uses flexible work hours from the workforce to manage capacity to better meet

demand is using a seasonal workforce.

对劳动力管理来说公司采用灵活的工作时间可以更好

地满足季节性劳动力的需求。

Answer: FALSE

11) Scheduling the workforce so that the available capacity better matches demand is using time

flexibility from the workforce.

调度劳动力以便可用容量可以更好地匹配需求使用时间从而

灵活的使用劳动力。

Answer: TRUE

12) The use of a part-time workforce to increase the capacity flexibility by enabling the firm to

have more people at work during peak periods is designing product flexibility into the production

processes.兼职劳动力的使用增加容量的灵活性使公司能够有更多的人在工作高峰期间灵

活的设计产品及生产流程。

Answer: FALSE

13) A firm that uses a temporary workforce during the peak season to increase capacity to match

demand is using a seasonal workforce.

在旺季的时候使用临时劳动力来增加产能以满足公司

季节性劳动力的需求。

Answer: TRUE

14) The use of dual facilities to manage capacity may be hard to sustain if the labor market is

tight.

采用双设施的管理能力可能难以维持如果劳动力市场是吃紧的。

Answer: FALSE

15) A firm that purchases peak production capability from other companies so that internal

production remains level and can be done cheaply is using subcontracting.

一个公司

从其他公司

购买高峰期生产能力，以便内部生产保持水平并将廉价生产力用于分包。

Answer: TRUE

16) A firm that builds dedicated facilities to produce a relatively stable output of products over

time in a very efficient manner and purchases peak production capability from other companies

is using subcontracting.

建立专门的设施即一个公司生产的产品在一段时间内稳定的输出以

非常有效的方式，并从其他公司采购高峰期的生产能力用于分包。

Answer: FALSE

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17) A firm that has production lines whose production rate can easily be varied to match demand

has designed product flexibility into the production processes.

一个公司拥

有生产线，其生产速

度可以很容易地改变以满足设计产品的灵活性和生产流程的需求。

Answer: TRUE

18) The use of a seasonal workforce requires that the workforce be multi-skilled and easily adapt

to being moved from line to line.季节性劳动力需要多技能、能轻松适应并且可以在生产线中

移动的劳动力

Answer: TRUE

19) Operations usually make the promotion and pricing decisions.

操作通常促使促销和定价决

策

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 1

20) Maximizing revenue is typically the objective when marketing and sales make the promotion

and pricing decisions.

收入最大化是通常的目标当市场和销售做推广和定价决策时。

Answer: TRUE

21) Pricing decisions based only on revenue considerations often result in an increase in overall

profitability.

定价决策只基于收入的考虑往往会增加整体盈利能力。

Answer: FALSE

22) When performing aggregate planning, the goal of all firms in the supply chain should be to

maximize individual firm profits.

当执行综合计划时，在供应链中的所有公司的目标应该是

使个别公司利润最大化。

Answer: FALSE

23) Determining how profits will be allocated to different members of the supply chain is a key

to successful collaboration.

确定如何将利润分配给不同的供应链的成员是合作成功的关

键。

Answer: TRUE

24) In general, as the fraction of increased demand coming from forward buying grows, offering

the promotion during the peak demand period becomes more attractive.

在一般情况下，因正

向分数增加引发的需求增加，在高峰需求期间提供推广将变得更有吸引力

Answer: FALSE

25) Offering a promotion during a peak period that has significant forward buying creates even

more variable demand than before the promotion.在高峰期间提供推广对创造更多变化的需求

有重大意义比一般的推广来说。

Answer: TRUE

26) Average inventory decreases if a promotion is run during the peak period and increases if the

promotion is run during the off-peak period.平均库存减少如果高峰期实行推广，如果在非高

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峰期实行推广则平均库存增加。

Answer: FALSE

27) Promoting during a peak demand month may decrease overall profitability if a significant

fraction of the demand increase results from a forward buy.

推广在峰值需求月期间可能会降

低整体盈利能力如果需求很大一部分增加自远期买入。

Answer: TRUE

28) As forward buying becomes a smaller fraction of the demand increase from a promotion, it is

less profitable to promote during the peak period.

随着推广促使购买令需求增加一小部分，

它使得高峰期的利润较低

Answer: FALSE

29) As the product margin declines, promoting during the peak demand period becomes less

profitable. 随着产品利润率的下降，在需求高峰期期间推广变得无利可图。 Answer:

TRUE

30) When faced with seasonal demand, a firm should use a combination of pricing (to manage

demand) and production and inventory (to manage supply) to improve profitability.

当面对季节

性需求，公司应使用定价 (来管理需求) 和生产和库存的组合 (管理供应) 以提高盈利能

力。

Answer: TRUE

1) Predictable variability is可预测的变异是

A) change in demand that can be forecasted.需求的变化可以预测

B) change in demand that cannot be forecasted.

C) change in demand that has been planned.

D) change in demand that has been scheduled.

E) all of the above

Answer: A

2) Which of the following is not a problem caused by products experiencing predictable

variability of demand?以下哪项不是导致产品的需求预测变化的问题？

A) High levels of stockouts during peak demand

B) High levels of excess inventory during periods of low demand

C) Increased responsiveness of the supply chain供应链的响应速度提高

D) Increased costs in the supply chain

E) Decreased responsiveness of the supply chain

Answer: C

3) A firm can handle predictable variability by managing一个公司可以处理可预见变异通过管

理

A) supply using capacity, inventory, trade promotions, and backlogs.

B) supply using capacity, inventory, subcontracting, and backlogs.供应使用能力，库存，分包

和积压

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C) demand using short-term price discounts and trade promotions.

要求使用短期价格折扣和贸

易促销活动

D) A and C only

E) B and C only B和C

Answer: E

4) Seasonal demand can be met by季节性需求可以得到满足通过

A) maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in any period.

保持足够的生产

能力，以满足任何时期的需求。

B) building up inventory during the off season to meet demand during peak seasons.

在淡季建

立库存，以满足旺季的需求

C) offering a price promotion during periods of low demand to shift some of the demand into a

slow period.

在低需求期间提供价格促销转移部分需求进入淡季。

D) all of the above以上都是

E) A and B only

Answer: D

5) The advantage of maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in any period is

保持足够的生产能力来满足任何期间内的需求的优点是

A) very low inventory costs because inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

B) very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

库存成本非常低，因为没有库存需要在各期开展。

C) very high inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

D) very high inventory costs because expensive capacity would go unused during most months

when demand was lower.

E) none of the above

Answer: B

6) The disadvantage of maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in any

period is保持足够的生产能力来满足任何期间内的需求的缺点是

A) much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was

lower.

在大多数时候需求较低的几个月期间很多昂贵的生产能力未使用

B) the expensive capacity would be used consistently throughout the year.

C) most of the expensive capacity would still be used during most months when demand was

lower.

D) very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

E) None of the above are true.

Answer: A

7) The advantage of building up inventory during the off season to meet demand during peak

seasons and keep production stable year round is在需求淡季建立库存来满足需求高峰，保持

生产全年稳定的优点是

A) very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

B) much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was

lower.

C) in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, less expensive factory.

事实上，一个

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公司可以获得通过一个较小的，较便宜的工厂

D) in the fact that a firm could get by with a larger, more expensive factory.

E) None of the above are true.

Answer: C

8) The disadvantage of building up inventory during the off season to meet demand during peak

seasons and keep production stable year round is在需求淡季建立库存来满足需求高峰，保持

生产全年稳定的缺点是

A) very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

B) very high inventory costs because inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

库存成本非常高，因为库存需要在不同期间进行

C) in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, less expensive factory.

D) in the fact that a firm could get by with a larger, more expensive factory.

E) None of the above are true.

Answer: B

9) The advantage of offering a price promotion during periods of low demand to shift some of

the demand into a slow period is

在低需求期间提供价格促销转移部分需求进入缓慢期的优点是

A) a demand pattern that is less expensive to supply.提供更便宜的需求模式

B) very high inventory costs because inventory needs to be carried from period to period.

C) in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, more expensive factory.

D) much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was

lower.

E) all of the above

Answer: A

10) Companies typically divide the task of supply and demand so that 公司通常将供给和需求

的任务划分，以便

A) Marketing manages demand and Operations manages supply.营销管理需求和运营管理

供应相符合

B) Marketing manages supply and Operations manages demand.

C) Marketing manages demand and supply.

D) Operations manages demand and supply.

E) none of the above

Answer: A

11) With supply and demand management decisions being made independently, 供给与需求管

理决定相互独立，

A) it is increasingly difficult to coordinate the supply chain, thereby increasing profit.

B) it is increasingly difficult to coordinate the supply chain, thereby decreasing profit.增加

了协调供应链的难度，从而会降低利润

C) it is easier to coordinate the supply chain, thereby decreasing profit.

D) it is easier to coordinate the supply chain, thereby increasing profit.

E) none of the above

Answer: B

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12) A firm can vary supply of product by controlling 一家公司可以通过控制产品的供应来改

变

A) production capacity and inventory. 产能和库存

B) production capacity and price promotions.

C) price promotions and inventory.

D) production capacity and inventory promotions.

E) none of the above

Answer: A

13) Which of the following is not an approach that firms can use when managing capacity to

meet predictable demand variability?

下列哪一项不是公司使用管理能力以满足可预测需求

变异的方法?

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Using common components across multiple products 在多个产品使用通用组件

14) The capacity management approach that uses flexible work hours from the workforce to

manage capacity to better meet demand is 从劳动力处获得灵活的工作时间以管理产能来更

好地满足需求的能力管理方法是

A) time flexibility from workforce.

劳动力的时间弹性

B) use of seasonal workforce.

C) use of subcontracting.

D) use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible.

E) designing product flexibility into the production processes.

15) The capacity management approach that uses a temporary workforce during the peak season

to increase capacity to match demand is在旺季的时候使用临时劳动力来增加产能以满足需求

的能力管理方法是

A) time flexibility from workforce.

B) the use of seasonal workforce. 季节劳动力的使用

C) the use of subcontracting.

D) the use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible.

E) designing product flexibility into the production processes.

Answer: B

16) The capacity management approach where a firm purchases peak production from another

firm so that internal production remains level and can be done cheaply is 公司在生产高峰期从

另一公司购买生产力以保持内部生活生产水平并可以以廉价成本完成产能管理的方法是

A) time flexibility from workforce.

B) the use of seasonal workforce.

C) the use of subcontracting.

D) the use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible. 使用双重设施——专用和灵活

E) designing product flexibility into the production processes.

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Answer: C

17) The capacity management approach where a firm builds facilities to produce a relatively

stable output of products over time in a very efficient manner and facilities to produce a widely

varying volume and variety of products, but at a higher unit cost is产能管理方法之一为某公司

建立生产产品具有稳定输出的设施并且该设施可以生产不同种类和不同数量的产品，但是

单位成本较高

A) time flexibility from workforce.

B) the use of seasonal workforce.

C) the use of subcontracting.

D) the use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible. 使用双重设施——专用和灵活

E) designing product flexibility into the production processes.

Answer: D

18) The capacity management approach where a firm has production lines whose production rate

can easily be varied to match demand is在一家公司拥有生产线并且轻易可以改变其生产速度

以满足需求的产能管理方法是

A) time flexibility from workforce.

B) the use of seasonal workforce.

C) the use of subcontracting.

D) the use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible.

E) designing product flexibility into the production processes.设计产品灵活性到生产流程

Answer: E

19) Which approach to capacity management may be hard to sustain if the labor market is tight?

如果劳动力市场吃紧哪种产能管理方法可能很难维持？

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of seasonal workforce 季节性劳动力的使用

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes

Answer: B

20) Which approach to capacity management makes use of spare plant capacity that exists in the

form of hours when the plant is not operational?哪种产能管理方法利用了存在的备用产能当

设备不能操作时？

A) Time flexibility from workforce劳动力的时间柔性

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes

Answer: A

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21) Which approach to capacity management makes use of overtime, which is varied to match

the variation in demand?哪种产能管理方法利用加班并改变其以匹配需求的变化？

A) Time flexibility from workforce劳动力的时间柔性

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes

Answer: A

22) Which approach to capacity management would schedule the workforce so that the available

capacity better matches demand?

哪种产能管理方法将安排劳动力以便于更好的匹配容量的

需求？

A) Time flexibility from workforce劳动力的时间柔性

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes

23) Which approach to capacity management would use a part-time workforce to increase

capacity flexibility by enabling the firm to have more people at work during peak periods?哪种

产能管理方法会使用兼职劳动力来提高产能灵活性使公司在工作高峰期有更多的人力?

A) Time flexibility from workforce劳动力的时间柔性

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes

Answer: A

24) The key to which capacity management approach would involve having both volume

(fluctuating demand from a manufacturer) and variety flexibility (demand from several

manufacturers) to be sustainable?

哪种产能管理方法将涉及兼具体积（波动从制造商的需求）

和各种灵活性（需求来自几个厂家）的可持续性？

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting转包使用

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes

Answer: C

25) Which approach to capacity management would require that the workforce be multi-skilled

and easily adapt to being moved from line to line?

哪种产能管理方法将需要熟练并且很容易

在流水线间调动的劳动力?

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

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E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes设计产品灵活性到生产流程

Answer: E

26) Which approach to capacity management would use production machinery that can be

changed easily from producing one product to another?哪种产能管理方法将使用可以轻易从

生产一种产品转换为生产另一种产品的生产机器？

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes设计产品灵活性到生产流程

Answer: E

27) Which approach to capacity management would only be effective if the overall demand

across all the products is relatively constant?哪种产能管理方法只有在所有产品的整体需求恒

定的条件下有效？

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Designing product flexibility into the production processes设计产品灵活性到生产流程

Answer: E

28) Which of the following is an approach that firms can use when managing inventory to meet

predictable demand variability?

下列哪一项是企业可用于管理库存来满足可预测需求变异

的一种方法?

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–dedicated and flexible

E) Using common components across multiple products 在多个产品中使用通用组件

Answer: E

29) When most of the products a firm produces have the same peak demand season, in order to

meet predictable variability with inventory, it must当一家公司生产的产品绝大部分都具有相

同的需求旺季时，为了满足可预见变异性的库存，它必须

A) use common components across multiple products.

B) use a seasonal workforce.

C) build inventory of high demand or predictable demand products.

打造高需求或预测需

求的产品库存

D) use subcontracting.

E) use dual facilities–dedicated and flexible.

30) Supply chains can influence demand by using 供应链可以影响需求通过使用

A) production capacity and inventory.

B) pricing and other promotions.

定价和其他促销活动

1-61

C) price promotions and inventory.

D) production capacity and inventory promotions.

E) production capacity and other promotions.

31) The pricing and promotion decisions are often made by 定价和促销的决策通常制定通过

A) marketing and sales.

营销和销售

B) marketing and operations.

C) operations and sales.

D) marketing, operations, and sales.

E) marketing and operations without sales.

32) The promotion and pricing decisions made by marketing and sales typically have the

objective of 促销和定价决策通常由市场营销和销售的一个目标制定，该目标是

A) maximizing profitability.

B) minimizing profitability.

C) minimizing revenue.

D) maximizing revenue.

最大限度地提高收入

E) maximizing profitability across the supply chain.

整个供应链的盈利最大化。

Answer: D

33) Pricing decisions based only on revenue considerations often result in 定价决策只基于收入

的考虑往往会导致

A) a decrease in overall profitability.

整体盈利能力下降。

B) an increase in overall profitability.

C) a decrease in overall revenue.

D) a decrease in supply chain revenue.

E) an increase in supply chain profitability.

Answer: A

34) When planning, the goal of all firms in the supply chain should be to maximize supply chain

profits because 在规划时，在供应链中的所有公司的目标应该是供应链利润最大化，因为

A) this leaves them less profit to divide among themselves.

B) this leaves them more profit to divide among themselves.

这使他们有更多的利润去瓜分

C) this outcome leaves them more profit to pay tax on.

D) this outcome will increase their charitable giving.

E) none of the above

Answer: B

35) One key to successful collaboration when the supply chain is performing aggregate planning

is 供应链综合计划能成功合作的一个关键是

A) determining how losses will be allocated to different members of the supply chain.

B) determining how profits will be allocated to different members of the supply chain.

确

定利润将如何分配给供应链的不同成员

C) determining how labor will be allocated to different members of the supply chain.

D) determining how customers will be allocated to different members of the supply chain.

E) none of the above

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Answer: B

36) An increase in consumption of the product either from new or existing customers is

产品的消耗量增加无论是来自新客户或现有客户都导致

A) market growth.市场的增加

B) stealing share.

C) forward selling.

D) forward buying.

E) none of the above

Answer: A

37) Customers substituting the firm's product for a competitor's product is 客户以本公司的产

品作为竞争对手的产品是

A) market growth. B) stealing share.

偷份额

C) forward selling. D) forward buying.

E) none of the above

38) Customers moving up future purchases to the present is 移动到现在的未来购买的客户是

A) market growth.

B) stealing share.

C) forward selling.

D) forward buying.远期购买

E) none of the above

Answer: D

39) In general, as the fraction of increased demand coming from forward buying grows, offering

the promotion during the peak demand period becomes 一般情况下，随着正向分数的增加来

自期待购买需求的增长，需求高峰时期提供的促销

A) less attractive. 缺少吸引力

B) more attractive.

C) more profitable.

D) less significant.

E) none of the above

Answer: A

40) Offering a promotion during a peak period that has significant forward buying 提供一个推

广在购买高峰期有重大意义

A) creates a desirable demand pattern.

B) creates a demand pattern less costly to serve.

C) creates a demand pattern even more costly to serve.创造了需求模式甚至更高的服务

D) shifts demand from the peak period to the slow period.

E) shifts demand to a more desirable period.

Answer: C

41) Average inventory 平均库存

A) increases if a promotion is run during the peak period.

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B) increases if a promotion is run during the off-peak period.在非高峰期间运行将会增加

C) decreases if a promotion is run during the peak period.

D) decreases if a promotion is run during the off-peak period.

E) both A and D

42) Promoting during a peak demand month may decrease overall profitability if促销在高峰需

求月期间可能会降低整体盈利能力如果

A) a small fraction of the demand increase results from a forward buy.

B) any of the demand increase results from a forward buy.

C) a significant fraction of the demand increase results from a forward buy.

相当一部分的

需求增加来自从远期买入

D) none of the above

E) all of the above

43) As the product margin declines, promoting during the peak demand period becomes随着产

品利润率的下降，在需求高峰期期间促销成为

A) less profitable.利润减少

B) more profitable.

C) less of a risk.

D) more desirable.

E) none of the above

Answer: A

44) ________ variability is change in demand that can be forecasted. ___ 变异是可以预测的需

求变化

A) Capacity

B) Predictable 可预测

C) Inventory

D) Backlog

Answer: B

45) A firm can vary supply of product by controlling 一家公司可以通过控制产品的供应来改

变

A) inventory.库存

B) pricing.

C) demand.

D) revenue.

Answer: A

46) A firm can vary supply of product by controlling一家公司可以通过控制产品的供应来改

变

A) revenue.

B) pricing.

C) demand.

D) capacity.产能

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Answer: D

47) In this approach to managing capacity, a firm uses flexible work hours by the workforce to

manage capacity to better meet demand.

在这种产能管理方法中，企业采用灵活的工作时间

由劳动力市场来管理更好地满足需求

A) Time flexibility from workforce劳动力的时间柔性

B) Use of seasonal workforce

C) Use of subcontracting

D) Use of dual facilities–specialized and flexible

Answer: A

48) In this approach to managing capacity, a firm uses a temporary workforce during the peak

season to increase capacity to match demand. 在这种产能管理方法中，企业采用临时劳动力

在旺季的时候，增加容量，以满足需求。

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of subcontracting

C) Use of dual facilities–specialized and flexible

D) Use of seasonal workforce 季节性劳动力的使用

Answer: D

49) In this approach to managing capacity, a firm subcontracts peak production so that internal

production remains level and can be done cheaply. 在这种产能管理方法中，一家公司分包在

生产高峰期内以维持生产水平且可以较低成本完成。

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of subcontracting使用分包

C) Use of dual facilities–specialized and flexible

D) Use of seasonal workforce

Answer: B

50) In this approach to managing capacity, a firm has flexible production lines whose production

rate can easily be varied. 在这种产能管理方法中，公司有柔性生产线其生产速度可以轻易改

变。

A) Time flexibility from workforce

B) Use of subcontracting

C) Designing product flexibility into the production processes设计产品灵活性到生产流程

D) Use of seasonal workforce

Answer: C

51) Which of the following is not a key factor influencing the timing of a product promotion?

以

下哪一项不是产品推广时机的关键因素？

A) Cost of holding inventory

B) Customer perceptions客户感知

C) Cost of changing the level of capacity

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D) Product margins

Answer: B

52) When a promotion is offered during a period, that period's demand tends to go up. This

increase in demand results from a combination of three factors. Which of the following is not

one of these three factors?

当推广期间，周期的需求趋于上升。此需求增加的结果来自三个

因素的组合。下列哪一项不是这三个因素之一?

A) Forward buying

B) Stealing share

C) Backward buying反向购买

D) Market growth

Answer: C

53) Which factor favors promotion during low-demand periods?

哪些因素在低需求时期有利

于推广？

A) High forward buying高正向购买

B) High ability to steal market share

C) High ability to increase overall market

D) High margin

Answer: A

54) Which factor favors promotion during low-demand periods? 哪些因素在低需求时期有利

于推广？

A) High margin

B) High ability to steal market share

C) High ability to increase overall market

D) Low margin低利润率

Answer: D

55) Which factor favors promotion during peak-demand periods? 哪些因素在需求高峰期有利

于推广？

A) High margin

B) Low ability to steal market share

C) High ability to increase overall market提高整体市场的高能力

D) Low margin

Answer: C

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1) Supply chain coordination requires each stage of the supply chain to take into account the

impact its actions have on other stages.

Answer: TRUE

供应链协调需要供应链的每个阶段考虑其行为对其他阶段的影响。

2) A lack of coordination occurs either because different stages of the supply chain have

objectives that conflict or because information moving between stages gets delayed and

distorted.

Answer: TRUE

供应链缺乏协调的发生要么是因为供应链的不同阶段的目标相冲突，要么是因为阶段间信息移动延迟和

扭曲。

3) Information is distorted as it moves within the supply chain because complete information is

not shared between stages.

Answer: TRUE

供应链内传播的信息遭到扭曲是因为阶级间没有传播完整的信息。

4) The bullwhip effect enables different stages of the supply chain to have a consistent estimate

of what demand looks like.

Answer: FALSE

供应链的牛鞭效应使不同阶段对需求是什么样子有一个一致的估计。

5) The bullwhip effect results in improved supply chain coordination.

Answer: FALSE

牛鞭效应导致供应链协调的改善。

6) The bullwhip effect negatively impacts performance at every stage and thus hurts the

relationships between different stages of the supply chain.

Answer: TRUE

牛鞭效应的负面影响表现在每一个阶段,从而伤害了供应链的不同阶段之间的关系。

Diff: 2

7) The bullwhip effect leads to increased trust between different stages of the supply chain and

enhances any potential coordination efforts.

Answer: FALSE

牛鞭效应导致供应链的不同阶段之间的信任增加和增强任何潜在的协调工作。

8) The bullwhip effect moves a supply chain away from the efficient frontier by increasing cost

and decreasing responsiveness.

Answer: TRUE

供应链牛鞭效应的移动距离的有效边界增加成本和减少响应能力。

9) The bullwhip effect reduces the profitability of a supply chain by making it simpler to provide

a given level of product availability.

Answer: FALSE

供应链的牛鞭效应降低了盈利能力,使其简单提供一个给定水平的产品可用性。

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10) Incentive obstacles refer to situations where incentives offered to different stages or

participants in a supply chain lead to actions that increase variability and reduce total supply

chain profits.

Answer: TRUE

动力障碍是指激励的情况下提供不同阶段或参与供应链导致行动,增加变化,降低供应链总利润。

11) Incentives that focus only on the local impact of an action result in decisions that minimize

total supply chain profits.

Answer: FALSE

激励只关注当地行动导致决策的影响最小化供应链总利润。

12) Improperly structured sales force

incentives are a significant obstacle to coordination in the supply chain.

Answer: TRUE

结构化的销售人员激励不当协调供应链的一个重要障碍。

13) Measuring performance based on sell-through is often justified on the grounds that the

manufacturer's sales force does not control sell-in.

Answer: FALSE

基于零售测量性能通常是合理的,理由是制造商的销售队伍不控制销售。

14) Information processing obstacles refer to situations where demand information is distorted as

it moves between different stages of the supply chain, leading to increased variability in orders

within the supply chain.

Answer: TRUE

信息处理障碍指间移动时需求信息扭曲的情况下供应链的不同阶段,导致供应链中增加订单的变异性。

15) The lack of information sharing between the retailer and manufacturer leads to a large

fluctuation in manufacturer orders.

Answer: TRUE

零售商和制造商之间的信息共享的缺乏会导致一个大波动制造商订单。

16) Information processing obstacles refer to actions taken in the course of placing and filling

orders that lead to an increase in variability.

Answer: FALSE

信息处理障碍是指行动过程中放置和订单导致的增加的变化。

17) Pricing obstacles refer to situations in which the pricing policies for a product lead to an

increase in variability of orders placed.

Answer: TRUE

定价障碍是指产品的定价政策的情况下导致变异性增加订单。

18) Lot size based quantity discounts reduce the bullwhip effect within the supply chain.

Answer: FALSE

基于批量数量折扣减少供应链中的牛鞭效应

。

19) Trade promotions and other short-term discounts offered by a manufacturer result in large

orders during the promotion period followed by very small orders after that.

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Answer: TRUE

制造商提供的贸易促销和其他短期折扣在促销期间导致大量订购之后,紧随其后的是非常小的订单。

20) Behavioral obstacles are often related to the way the supply chain is structured and reduce

the bullwhip effect.

Answer: FALSE

行为障碍往往是相关的供应链结构,减少牛鞭效应。

21) Managers can improve coordination within the supply chain by aligning goals and incentives

such that every participant in supply chain activities works to maximize total supply chain

profits.

Answer: TRUE

经理可以提高供应链内部协调的调整目标和激励措施,这样每一个参与供应链活动的作品总供应链利润

最大化。

22) Sharing of POS data helps reduce the bullwhip effect because it allows each stage of the

supply chain to use orders from the previous stage to forecast future demand.

Answer: FALSE

分享POS数据有助于减少牛鞭效应,因为它允许供应链的每个阶段使用来自前一个阶段的订单预测未来

的需求。

23) Without collaborative planning, sharing of POS data does not guarantee coordination.

Answer: TRUE

没有协作计划,分享POS数据并不能保证协调。

24) When a single stage controls replenishment decisions for the entire chain, the problem of

multiple forecasts is magnified and coordination within the supply chain follows.

Answer: FALSE

当一个单级控制补货决策对整个链,多种预测问题是放大和协调供应链中。

25) A reduction in replenishment lead time helps dampen the bullwhip effect by reducing the

underlying uncertainty of demand.

Answer: TRUE

减少补充交货时间有助于减少抑制牛鞭效应的潜在需求的不确定性。

26) A reduction of lot sizes increases the amount of fluctuation that can accumulate between any

pair of stages of a supply chain, thus increasing the bullwhip effect.

Answer: FALSE

减少很多大小之间的波动,可以积累量增加的两阶段供应链,从而增加了牛鞭效应。

27) Tying allocation to past sales removes any incentive a retailer may have to inflate orders, as a

result dampening the bullwhip effect.

Answer: TRUE

把分配过去销售删除任何激励零售商可能需要增加订单,因此抑制牛鞭效应。

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28) Managers can encourage the bullwhip effect by devising pricing strategies that encourage

retailers to order in smaller lots and reduce forward buying.

Answer: FALSE

管理人员可以鼓励牛鞭效应通过制定定价策略,鼓励零售商订购小很多,减少购买。

29) Cooperation and trust within the supply chain help improve performance for a variety of

reasons.

Answer: TRUE

供应链内的合作和信任帮助提高性能因为各种各样的原因。

30) Supply chain coordination improves if all stages of the chain take actions that are aligned

and together increase total supply chain surplus.

Answer: TRUE

链的供应链协调改善如果所有阶段采取行动,共同一致的增加总供应链剩余。

31) Supply chain coordination improves if all stages of the chain take actions that are aligned

and together decrease total supply chain surplus.

Answer: FALSE

链的供应链协调改善如果所有阶段采取行动一致的,共同降低供应链总盈余。

32) With an uncoordinated supply chain each stage tries to maximize its own profits, resulting in

actions that often diminish total supply chain profits.

Answer: TRUE

一个不协调的供应链的每个阶段试图最大化自己的利润,这种行动通常导致供应链总利润的降低。

1) Supply chain coordination 供应链协调

A) improves if all stages of the chain take actions that together increase total supply chain profits.

如果供应链上的所有阶段都采取行动则供应链的总利润会有所提高。

B) requires each stage of the supply chain to take into account the impact its actions have on

other stages.

要求供应链的每个阶段都顾及其行动对其他阶段产生的影响。

C) cannot be achieved in real world applications.

D) all of the above

E) A and B only A和B都对

Answer: E

2) A lack of coordination occurs either because缺乏协调的发生是因为

A) different stages of the supply chain have objectives that conflict.

供应链的不同阶段有目标

冲突。

B) the policies of most firms are contrary to cooperation.

C) information moving between stages gets delayed and distorted.不同阶段之间信息传输延迟

和失真

D) all of the above

E) A and C only A和C都对

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Answer: E

3) Information is distorted as it moves within the supply chain because 信息失真当它在供应链

中移动时因为

A) complete information is shared between stages.

B) complete information is not shared between stages.不同阶段之间不共享完整信息

C) firms try to be too accurate.

D) all of the above

E) B and C only

Answer: E

4) Information distortion is exaggerated by the fact that 信息失真夸大了事实

A) supply chains today produce a large amount of product variety.

供应链今天产生了大量

的不同种类的产品

B) supply chains today produce a small amount of product variety.

C) the telephone effect is extreme in situations where technology is in use.

D) different stages of supply chains send excessive data.

E) none of the above

Answer: A

5) The situation in which fluctuations in orders increase as they move up the supply chain from

retailers to wholesalers to manufacturers to suppliers is known as 订单的波动增加在供应链上

向上移动从零售商到批发商到制造商的情况被称为

A) market fluctuations.

B) the whiplash effect.

C) the bullwhip effect.

牛鞭效应

D) lack of visibility.

E) none of the above

Answer: C

6) The bullwhip effect causes 牛鞭效应的原因

A) a loss of supply chain coordination.供应链缺乏协调

B) distortion of demand information within the supply chain.供应链需求信息失真

C) different stages of the supply chain to have a very different estimate of what demand looks

like.在供应链的不同阶段有非常不同的需求估计

D) all of the above E) A and B only

7) The lack of coordination within a supply chain will result in a decrease in 供应链缺乏协调将

导致____减少

A) manufacturing cost.

B) inventory cost.

C) replenishment lead time.

D) level of product availability.产品可用性水平

E) transportation cost.

Answer: D

8) The lack of coordination within a supply chain will result in an increase in供应链缺乏协调会

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导致增加

A) profitability.

B) inventory accuracy.

C) replenishment lead time. 补货时间

D) level of product availability.

E) transportation cost.

Answer: C

9) The bullwhip effect 牛鞭效应

A) positively impacts performance at every stage.

B) hurts the relationships between different stages of the supply chain.

伤害了供应链的不

同阶段之间的关系。

C) enhances the relationships between different stages of the supply chain.

D) none of the above

E) both A and C

Answer: B

10) The bullwhip effect moves a supply chain牛鞭效应移动供应链

A) away from the efficient frontier by increasing cost and decreasing responsiveness.

从增

加成本和降低响应速度的方面远离有效前沿。

B) away from the efficient frontier by decreasing cost and increasing responsiveness.

C) toward the efficient frontier by increasing cost and decreasing responsiveness.

D) toward the efficient frontier by increasing cost and increasing responsiveness.

E) none of the above

Answer: A

11) Situations where incentives offered to different stages or participants in a supply chain lead

to actions that increase variability and reduce total supply chain profits are referred to as

在供应链中的不同阶段对参与者提供激励措施导致可变性增加和总的供应链利润减少的情

况被称为

A) incentive obstacles.

激励障碍

B) information processing obstacles.

C) operational obstacles.

D) pricing obstacles.

E) behavioral obstacles.

Answer: A

12) Incentives that focus only on the local impact of an action result in decisions that激励仅专注

于行动的结果决定在当地的影响是

A) do not maximize total supply chain profits.不以最大限度的提高供应链总利润为目标

B) maximize total supply chain profits.

C) minimize total supply chain profits.

D) minimize total supply chain cost.

E) none of the above

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13) Improperly structured sales force incentives 结构不适当的销售奖励

A) help create stable demand.

B) have very little effect on the timing of customer orders.

C) tend to create spikes in customer orders.

往往造成客户订单高峰

D) ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicated to other affected

supply chain processes.

E) none of the above

14) The sales typically measured by a manufacturer are通常情况下制造商的销量的测量

A) the quantity sold to final customers (sell-through).

B) the quantity sold to distributors or retailers (sell-in).

出售给分销商或零售商的数量（销

售式）

C) the quantity reported by the salesperson.

D) all of the above

E) none of the above

Answer: B

15) Situations where demand information is distorted as it moves between different stages of the

supply chain, leading to increased variability in orders within the supply chain are referred to as

需求信息在不同阶段的供应链之间传递失真，导致供应链中的订单变异性增加的情况被称

为

A) incentive obstacles.

B) information processing obstacles.

信息处理的障碍

C) operational obstacles.

D) pricing obstacles.

E) behavioral obstacles.

Answer: B

16) The fact that each stage in a supply chain forecasts demand based on the stream of orders

received from the downstream stage results in事实上供应链每阶段预测需求都基于从下游阶

段结果中接收的订单流导致

A) forecasts based on actual consumer demand patterns.

B) a reduction in demand as we move up the supply chain from the retailer to the manufacturer.

C) a magnification of fluctuations in demand as we move up the supply chain from the

retailer to the manufacturer. 需求波动的放大因为我们从零售商向制造商向上移动了供

应链

D) an increase in forecast accuracy.

E) none of the above

Answer: C

17) The lack of information sharing between the retailer and manufacturer 制造商和零售商之

间的缺乏信息共享

A) magnifies the bullwhip effect.

放大的牛鞭效应

B) minimizes the fluctuation in manufacturer orders.

C) leads to a large fluctuation in manufacturer orders.

导致制造商订单大幅波动

D) all of the above

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E) A and C only

Answer: E

18) Actions taken in the course of placing and filling orders that lead to an increase in variability

are referred to as 在放置和填写订单过程中导致订单变异性的增加所采取的行动被称为

A) incentive obstacles.

B) information processing obstacles.

C) operational obstacles.

操作障碍

D) pricing obstacles.

E) behavioral obstacles.

Answer: C

19) When a firm places orders in lot sizes that are much larger than the lot sizes in which

demand arises,

当一家公司地方订单的大小远远超过批量需求生产的大小时

A) variability of orders is minimized up the supply chain.

B) variability of orders is magnified up the supply chain.订单的变异性在供应链中被放大

C) suppliers gain better visibility of consumer demand.

D) suppliers gain a more stable demand pattern.

E) none of the above

Answer: B

20) Rationing schemes that allocate limited production in proportion to the orders placed by

retailers 配给制指按比例分配有限的生产订单给零售商

A) result in a game in which retailers try to increase the size of their orders to increase the

amount supplied to them.

导致游戏零售商试图增加他们的订单以增加提供给他们的大小

B) lead to a magnification of the bullwhip effect.导致牛鞭效应的放大

C) lead to the manufacturer being left with a surplus of product and capacity.导致制造商预留的

产品和容量过剩

D) all of the above

E) B and C only

Answer: D

21) Situations in which the pricing policies for a product lead to an increase in variability of

orders placed are referred to as 一个产品的定价策略导致订单的变异性增加的情况被称为

A) incentive obstacles.

B) information processing obstacles.

C) operational obstacles.

D) pricing obstacles.

价格障碍

E) behavioral obstacles.

Answer: D

22) Lot size based quantity discounts 批量折扣的大小基于

A) decrease the lot size of orders placed within the supply chain.

B) increase the lot size of orders placed within the supply chain.

增加放置在供应链中订单的

批量大小

C) magnify the bullwhip effect.

放大牛鞭效应

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D) A and C only

E) B and C only

Answer: E

23) Forward buying results in 正向购买导致

A) a stabilized buying pattern.

B) small orders during the promotion period followed by very small orders after that.

C) small orders during the promotion period followed by large orders after that.

D) large orders during the promotion period followed by very small orders after that.

在促

销期间大订单之后跟随的是非常小的订单

E) none of the above

Answer: D

24) Problems in learning within organizations that contribute to the bullwhip effect are referred

to as 有助于牛鞭效应的组织内部学习的问题被称为

A) incentive obstacles.

B) information processing obstacles.

C) operational obstacles.

D) pricing obstacles.

E) behavioral obstacles.

行为障碍

Answer: E

25) Behavioral obstacles to supply chain coordination are often related to供应链协调中的行为

障碍往往与______有关

A) the communication between different stages.

不同阶段之间的沟通

B) pricing and operational decisions.

C) the way the supply chain is structured. 供应链结构的方式

D) all of the above

E) A and C only

Answer: E

26) Which of the following managerial actions in the supply chain will not increase total supply

chain profits and moderate the bullwhip effect?下列供应链中的哪种管理行为不会增加供应链

的整体利润并能缓和牛鞭效应？

A) Aligning of goals and incentives

B) Increasing information inaccuracy 提高信息的准确性

C) Improving operational performance

D) Designing pricing strategies to stabilize orders

E) Building partnerships and trust

27) Aligning goals and incentives within the supply chain will在供应链中调整目标和激励机制

A) improve coordination within the supply chain.

提高供应链内部的协调

B) encourage every participant in supply chain activities to maximize total supply chain profits.

鼓励供应链活动的每一位参与者以最大化供应链总利润为目标

C) reduce demand uncertainty.

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D) all of the above

E) A and B only

Answer: E

28) Which of the following is not an approach to improve coordination within the supply chain

by aligning goals and incentives?

下列哪一项不是通过调整目标和奖励提高供应链内部协调

途径？

A) Aligning incentives across functions

B) Sharing point of sales (POS) data共享销售点（POS）数据

C) Pricing for coordination

D) Altering sales force incentives from sell-in to sell-through

E) none of the above

Answer: B

29) Which of the following is not an approach to achieve coordination by improving the

accuracy of information available to different stages in the supply chain?下列哪一项不是提高

供应链不同阶段信息准确性的方法？

A) Sharing point of sales (POS) data

B) Implementing collaborative forecasting and planning

C) Designing single stage control of replenishment

D) Pricing for coordination 定价协调

E) none of the above

Answer: D

30) Sharing point of sales (POS) data across the supply chain can help reduce the bullwhip effect

because 共享整个供应链的销售 (终端 POS) 数据点可以帮助减少牛鞭效应，因为

A) each stage of the supply chain uses orders from the previous stage to forecast future demand.

在供应链的每个阶段使用来自前一阶段的订单来预测未来的需求。

B) all supply chain stages can forecast future demand based on final customer demand.

所有的

供应链阶段都可以根据最终客户需求预测未来的需求

C) all stages can respond to the same change in customer demand.

所有阶段可以都响应客户的

相同需求变化

D) all of the above

E) B and C only

Answer: D

31) Different stages of the supply chain must forecast and plan jointly if complete coordination is

to be achieved, because不同阶段的供应链共同必须预测和计划实现协调的完成，因为如果

A) just the sharing of POS data does not guarantee coordination.

只分享 POS 数据并不能保

证协调

B) the manufacturer must be aware of the retailer's promotion plans to achieve coordination.

制

造商必须意识到零售商的促销计划，以达到协调。

C) successful coordination requires that the entire supply chain is operating to a common

forecast.

成功协调需要整个供应链共同的预测经营。

D) all of the above

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E) A and B only

Answer: D

32) When a single stage controls replenishment decisions for the entire chain, coordination is

achieved because 当一个阶段控制整个链补货时实现协调因为

A) the problem of multiple forecasts is eliminated.

消除多个预测问题

B) each stage views its role as one of replenishing orders placed by the next stage.

C) the manufacturer is aware of the retailer's promotion plans to achieve coordination.

D) all of the above

E) A and B only

Answer: A

33) Reducing the replenishment lead time can help dampen the bullwhip effect because 减少补

货提前期可以帮助抑制牛鞭效应，因为

A) it will decrease the uncertainty of demand during the lead time.

它将减少提前期内需求

的不确定性

B) the manufacturer is aware of the retailer's promotion plans to achieve coordination.

C) it discourages retailers from artificially inflating their orders in the case of a shortage.

D) all of the above

E) none of the above

Answer: A

34) Operational improvements that reduce lot sizes can dampen the bullwhip effect by运营改进

可以通过减少批量操作抑制牛鞭效应

A) decreasing the uncertainty of demand during the lead time.

B) decreasing the amount of fluctuation that can accumulate between any pair of stages of

a supply chain.减少任意一对供应链阶段之间积累的波动数量

C) discouraging retailers from artificially inflating their orders in the case of a shortage.

D) allocating the available supply based on past retailer sales.

E) none of the above

Answer: B

35) To diminish the bullwhip effect, managers can design rationing schemes that为了减少牛鞭

效应，管理人员可以设计配给制度

A) decrease the uncertainty of demand during the lead time.

B) discourage retailers from artificially inflating their orders in the case of a shortage.人为抬高

订单量在短缺的情况下以激励零售商

C) allocate the available supply based on past retailer sales.

根据以往的零售商的销量分配供

应

D) all of the above

E) B and C only

Answer: E

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36) Pricing strategies that dampen the bullwhip effect include 抑制牛鞭效应的定价策略包

括：

A) offering volume-based quantity discounts instead of lot-based quantity discounts.提供基础数

量的折扣而不是大量折扣

B) elimination of promotions that encourage forward buying by retailers.

取消促销活动鼓励零

售商购买。

C) promotion dollars paid to the retailer based on the amount of sell-through rather than the

amount purchased by the retailer.支付给零售商的促销金额基于零售商的购买量而不是销售

量

D) all of the above

E) A and B only

Answer: D

37) Which of the following is not a reason cooperation and trust within the supply chain help

improve performance?

下列哪项不是供应链中有助于提高合作和信任的原因？

A) A more natural aligning of incentives and objectives is achieved.

B) Action-oriented managerial levers to achieve coordination become easier to implement.

C) An increase in supply chain productivity results, either by elimination of duplicated effort or

by allocating effort to the appropriate stage.

D) Appropriate pricing schemes are harder to achieve if both parties are aiming for the

common good.

合适的定价方案是难以实现，如果双方都瞄准了共同利益

E) A greater sharing of detailed sales and production information results.

Answer: D

38) Which of the following is not a key step in designing effective supply chain partnerships?

下列哪一项不是设计有效的供应链伙伴关系的关键一步

A) Devoting resources to coordination 投入资源协调

B) Assessing the value of the relationship

C) Identifying operational roles and decision rights for each party

D) Creating effective contracts

E) Designing effective conflict resolution mechanisms

Answer: A

39) Which of the following activities occur during the step in design of a supply chain

partnership where the parties assess the value of the relationship? 以下哪项活动发生在供应链

伙伴关系设计中各方评估关系价值的步骤？

A) Clearly identifying the mutual benefit that the relationship provides 清楚地确定出互惠互利

的关系提供的便利

B) Determining how the total profits will be divided between the parties 确定双方如何分配利

润总额

C) Clarifying the contribution of each party 明确每一方的贡献

D) all of the above

E) B and C only

Answer: D

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40) When identifying operational roles and decision rights for different parties in a supply chain

relationship, managers must 确定不同各方在供应链关系中的业务角色和决策权，管理者必

须

A) divide the tasks in a way that makes one party more dependent on the other.

B) divide the tasks in a way that neither party is dependent on the other.

C) consider the resulting interdependence between the parties.

考虑到双方之间产生的相

互依存关系

D) all of the above

E) B and C only

Answer: C

41) The lack of supply chain coordination on various measures of performance has costs

associated with it. Which of the following is one of these costs?

供应链协调绩效的各项措施的

缺乏及与它相关的成本。下列哪一项是这些费用之一?

A) Quality

B) Reliability

C) Manufacturing 制造业

D) Pricing

Answer: C

42) The lack of supply chain coordination on various measures of performance has costs

associated with it. Which of the following is one of these costs? 供应链协调绩效的各项措施的

缺乏及与它相关的成本。下列哪一项是这些费用之一?

A) Inventory

B) Reliability

C) Transportation

D) Quality 质量

43) The impact of the lack of coordination on supply chain processes decreases for the following

measure 以下措施可减小缺乏协调供应链流程的影响

A) manufacturing cost.

B) level of product availability.产品的可用性级别

C) transportation cost.

D) replenishment lead time.

44) There are 5 major obstacles listed in the text to coordination in a supply chain. Which of the

following is NOT one of these major obstacles?

在文中协调供应链共列出5大障碍。以下哪

项不是这些主要障碍之一？

A) Incentive obstacles

B) Quality obstacles 质量障碍

C) Pricing obstacles

D) Behavioral obstacles

Answer: B

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45) Which of the following managerial actions does not necessarily increase total supply chain

profits and moderate information distortion?

以下哪项管理行为并不一定会增加供应链总利

润和缓和信息失真？

A) Designing pricing strategies to stabilize orders

B) Building strategic partnerships and trust

C) Purchasing from the lowest cost supplier 从成本最低的供应商处采购

D) Improving information visibility and accuracy

Answer: C

46) Which of the following managerial actions does not necessarily increase total supply chain

profits and moderate information distortion? 以下哪项管理行为并不一定会增加供应链总利

润和缓和信息失真？

A) Assigning blame for demand fluctuations 需求波动的分配

B) Building strategic partnerships and trust

C) Aligning of goals and incentives

D) Improving information visibility and accuracy

Answer: A

47) Sellers and buyers in a supply chain often collaborate. Which of the following is not listed as

a common activity of collaboration? 供应链中的买家和卖家经常合作。下列哪一项不被列为

协作共同活动?

A) Demand and supply management

B) Shared engineering 共享工程

C) Analysis

D) Execution

Answer: B

48) A fundamental aspect of successful collaboration Is 成功合作的一个重要方面是

A) sharing product designs.

B) identification and resolution of exceptions. 异常的识别和解决

C) no stock outs.

D) complete information sharing.

Answer: B

1) The level of product availability is also referred to as the customer service level.

Answer: TRUE

产品可用性水平也称为客户服务水平。

2) A supply chain can use a high level of product availability to improve its responsiveness and

attract customers.

Answer: TRUE

供应链可以使用高水平的产品可用性,以改善其响应性和吸引顾客。

3) A high level of product availability requires less inventory, which will keep costs down for the

supply chain.

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Answer: FALSE

高水平的产品可用性需要更少的库存,这将降低成本的供应链。

4) A supply chain needs to achieve a balance between the level of availability and the cost of

inventory that maximizes supply chain revenues.

Answer: FALSE

供应链需求之间达到平衡水平的可用性和收入最大化供应链的库存成本。

5) Whether the optimal level of availability is high or low depends on where a particular

company believes they can maximize profits.

Answer: TRUE

是否最优水平的可用性是高或低取决于一个特定的公司认为他们可以最大化利润。

6) The cost of overselling is denoted by C

and is the loss incurred by a firm for each unsold unit

at the end of the selling season.

Answer: FALSE

过分吹嘘的成本是用有限公司,发生亏损,公司为每个未售出单位的销售季节。

7) The cost of understocking is denoted by Cu

and is the margin lost by a firm for each lost sale

because there is no inventory on hand.

Answer: TRUE

存货不足的成本是用铜和边缘丢失每个失去了销售的公司,因为没有库存。

8) The cost of underselling is a key factor that influences the optimal level of product

availability.

Answer: FALSE

低价销售的成本是一个关键因素影响的最优水平产品的可用性。

9) The costs of overstocking and understocking have a direct impact on both the optimal cycle

service level and profitability.

Answer: TRUE

过度放牧的成本和存货不足直接影响最优周期服务水平和盈利能力。

10) As the ratio of the cost of overstocking to the cost of understocking gets smaller, the optimal

level of product availability decreases.

Answer: FALSE

作为存货过多的成本比存货不足变小的成本,最优的产品可用性降低。

11) With reduced demand uncertainty, a supply chain manager can better match supply and

demand by reducing both overstocking and understocking.

Answer: TRUE

减少需求的不确定性,供应链管理可以更好地匹配供应和需求减少过度放牧和存货不足。

12) An increase in forecast accuracy increases both the overstocked and understocked quantity

and decreases a firm's profits.

Answer: FALSE

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增加预测的准确性增加库存过多和立木度不足的数量和减少公司的利润。

13) Supply chain managers are able to increase their forecast accuracy as lead times decrease,

which allows them to better match supply with demand and increase supply chain profitability.

Answer: TRUE

供应链经理们能够提高预测精度交货时间减少,这能让他们更好地匹配供应与需求,增加供应链的盈利能

力。

14) If quick response allows multiple orders in the season, profits increase and the overstock

quantity increases.

Answer: FALSE

如果快速响应允许多个订单,利润和存货数量的增加而增加。

15) Quick response results in the manufacturer making a lower profit in the short term if all else

is unchanged.

Answer: TRUE

快速反应导致制造商生产更低的利润在短期内如果一切不变。

16) There is a cost associated with postponement because the production cost using

postponement is typically lower than the production cost without it.

Answer: FALSE

有成本使用推迟推迟,因为生产成本通常低于生产成本没有它。

17) Postponement is valuable for a firm that sells a large variety of products with demand that is

independent and comparable in size.

Answer: TRUE

延期是有价值的对于一个公司,销售多种产品的需求,是独立的,比较大小。

18) Tailored postponement allows a firm to increase its profitability by only postponing the

uncertain part of the demand and producing the predictable part at a lower cost without

postponement.

Answer: TRUE

定制推迟允许公司增加其盈利能力只有推迟不确定需求的一部分,以更低的成本生产预测的部分没有延

期。

19) Tailored sourcing may be volume-based or product-based depending on the source of

uncertainty.

Answer: TRUE

定制采购可能基于卷或基于产品根据不确定性的来源。

20) In volume-based tailored sourcing, the predictable part of a product's demand is produced at

a flexible facility, whereas the uncertain portion is produced at an efficient facility.

Answer: FALSE

在基于卷的定制采购,可预测的一部分产品的需求在一个灵活的生产设施,而不确定的部分是在一个有效

的工具。

21) In product-based tailored sourcing, low-volume products with uncertain demand are obtained

from a flexible source, while high-volume products with less demand uncertainty are obtained

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from an efficient source.

Answer: TRUE

在基于产品定制采购,少量产品与不确定的需求得到一个灵活的来源,而大容量产品减少需求的不确定性

得到一个有效的来源。

22) A supply chain can use a high level of product availability to improve its responsiveness and

attract customers, thus increasing revenue for the supply chain.

Answer: TRUE

供应链可以使用一个高水平的产品可用性,以改善其响应性和吸引顾客,从而增加收入的供应链。

23) A managerial lever to increase profitability is to increase the salvage value of each unit.

Answer: TRUE

管理杠杆来增加盈利能力是增加每单位的残值。

24) A managerial lever to increase profitability is to decrease the salvage value of each unit.

Answer: FALSE

管理杠杆来增加盈利能力是减少每单位的残值。

1) The level of product availability

产品可用性水平

A) is also referred to as the customer service level.

也称为客户服务水平

B) is an important component of any supply chain's responsiveness.

是任何供应链一个重要的组成

部分

C) increases revenues for the supply chain by increasing sales.

D) Only A and B are true.

只有A和B是真实的

Answer: D

2) A supply chain can use a high level of product availability to

供应链可以使用高水平的产品可用

性

A) improve its responsiveness and attract customers.

改善其响应能力和吸引顾客

B) reduce costs for the supply chain by reducing inventories.

C) increase revenues for the supply chain by increasing sales.

供应链通过增加销售增加收入

D) Only A and C are true.

A和C是真的

Answer: D

3) A high level of product availability requires

高水平的产品可用性需要

A) large inventories and tends to raise costs for the supply chain.

大型库存和倾向于提高供应链的

成本

B) large inventories and tends to reduce costs for the supply chain.

C) small inventories and tends to raise costs for the supply chain.

D) small inventories and tends to reduce costs for the supply chain.

Answer: A

4) A supply chain needs to achieve a balance between the level of availability and the cost of

inventory that

供应链需要在可用性水平和库存成本之间达到平衡

A) maximizes supply chain revenues.

B) minimizes supply chain costs.

C) maximizes supply chain profitability.

最大化供应链利润

D) maximizes supply chain availability.

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Answer: C

5) Whether the optimal level of product availability is high or low depends on where a particular

company believes they can

A) minimize cost.

B) maximize revenue.

C) maximize profits.

D) maximize product availability.

Answer: C

5)产品可用性的最佳水平是否高或低取决于一个特定的公司认为他们可以最小化成本。B)最大化收入。C)最大化利润。

D)产品可用性最大化。

6) The key factors that influence the optimal level of product availability do not include

A) the cost of overstocking the product.

B) the cost of stocking the product.

C) the cost of understocking the product.

D) All of the above are key factors.

Answer: B

6)的关键因素影响产品可用性的最佳水平不包括)过度放牧产品的成本。B)袜子产品的成本。C)存货不足产品的成本。D)

上面都是关键因素。

7) The loss incurred by a firm for each unsold unit at the end of the selling season is

A) the cost of overstocking the product.

B) the cost of stocking the product.

C) the cost of understocking the product.

D) the cost of overselling the product.

7)每个未售出单位的损失由公司在销售季节的结束是一个)过度放牧产品的成本。B)袜子产品的成本。C)存货不足产品的

成本。D)过分吹嘘产品的成本

8) The margin lost by a firm for each lost sale because there is no inventory on hand is

A) the cost of overstocking the product.

B) the cost of stocking the product.

C) the cost of understocking the product.

D) the cost of overselling the product.

8)保证金损失,公司为每一个失去的销售因为没有库存在手)过度放牧产品的成本。B)袜子产品的成本。C)存货不足产品

的成本。D)过分吹嘘产品的成本。

9) The margin lost from current as well as future sales if the customer does not return should be

included in

A) the cost of overstocking the product.

B) the cost of stocking the product.

C) the cost of understocking the product.

D) the cost of overselling the product.

9)的保证金损失当前以及未来的销售,如果客户不返回应该包含在)过度放牧产品的成本。B)袜子产品的成本。C)存货不

足产品的成本。D)过分吹嘘产品的成本。

10) Which of the following is not a situation involving the trade-off between the cost of

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overstocking and the cost of understocking?

A) Seasonal products where all leftover items must be disposed of at the end of the season

B) Continuously stocked items where demand during stockout is backlogged

C) Continuously stocked items where demand during stockout is lost

D) Continuously stocked items where demand during stockout is redirected

Answer: D

10)下面哪个不是情况涉及存货过多的成本之间的权衡和存货不足的成本?)季节性产品,所有剩下的项目必须在本赛季结

束后处置B)不断储备项目需求在缺货期间积压C)不断储备项目需求在缺货期间丢失D)不断储备项目需求在缺货期间重

定向

11) The costs of overstocking and understocking have a direct impact on

A) the optimal cycle service level but not profitability.

B) profitability but not the optimal cycle service level.

C) both the optimal cycle service level and profitability.

D) neither the optimal cycle service level or profitability.

Answer: C

11)过度放牧的成本和存货不足有直接影响)的最优周期服务水平而不是利润。B)盈利能力但并非最优周期服务水平。C)

最优周期服务水平和盈利能力。D)最优周期服务水平和盈利能力。

12) Which of the following is not a managerial lever to increase profitability?

A) Increasing the salvage value of each unit

B) Decreasing the margin lost from a stockout

C) Reducing demand uncertainty

D) Reducing the level of product availability below optimal

Answer: D

12)下面哪个不是管理杠杆增加盈利能力?)增加每个单元的残值B)减少缺货C)的保证金损失减少需求的不确定性D)减少

产品可用性低于最优水平

13) Which of the following would be a strategy to increase the salvage value of an unsold

product?

A) Discarding the unused material

B) Selling unsold product to an outlet store

C) Keeping the product in inventory until it sells

D) Reduce the level of cycle inventory

Answer: B

13)下列哪项是一个策略来增加的残值待售产品?)丢弃未使用的材料B)未售出的产品卖给一个直销店C)保持产品库存,

直到销售D)减少库存周期

14) Which of the following would be a strategy to decrease the margin lost in a stockout?

A) Arranging for backup sourcing

B) Discarding the unused material

C) Selling unsold product to an outlet store

D) Reduce the level of cycle inventory

Answer: A

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14)下列哪项是一个策略来减少缺货的保证金损失?)安排备份采购B)丢弃未使用的材料C)未售出的产品卖给一个直销店

D)减少库存周期

15) As the ratio of the cost of overstocking to the cost of understocking gets smaller,

A) the optimal level of product availability becomes irrelevant.

B) the optimal level of product availability decreases.

C) the optimal level of product availability remains stable.

D) the optimal level of product availability increases.

Answer: D

15)作为存货过多的成本比存货不足的成本变小,A)产品可用性的最佳水平变得无关紧要。B)最优水平的产品可用性降低。

C)产品可用性的最佳水平保持稳定。D)产品可用性的最佳水平增加。

16) With reduced demand uncertainty, a supply chain manager can

A) increase both overstocking and understocking.

B) increase overstocking and reduce understocking.

C) reduce overstocking and increase understocking.

D) reduce both overstocking and understocking.

Answer: D

16)和减少需求的不确定性,供应链管理可以增加)过度放牧和存货不足。B)增加存货过多,减少存货不足。C)减少过度放牧

和增加存货不足,D)减少过度放牧和存货不足。

17) A company with multiple products, that chooses to delay product differentiation until closer

to the point of sale, is using

A) tailored sourcing.

B) quick response.

C) postponement.

D) improved forecasting.

Answer: C

17)公司与多个产品,选择延迟产品差异化,直到接近销售点使用)定制采购。B)快速反应,C)推迟。D)改善预测。

18) A company that uses a more expensive short lead time supplier as a backup for a low cost,

long lead time supplier is using

A) tailored sourcing.

B) quick response.

C) postponement.

D) improved forecasting.

Answer: A

18)贵公司使用短交货时间为低成本供应商作为备份,长时间使用)定制采购供应商。B)快速反应,C)推迟。D)改善预测。

19) An increase in forecast accuracy

A) decreases both the overstocked and understocked quantity and decreases a firm's profits.

B) decreases both the overstocked and understocked quantity and increases a firm's profits.

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C) increases both the overstocked and understocked quantity and decreases a firm's profits.

D) increases both the overstocked and understocked quantity and increases a firm's profits.

Answer: B

19)提高预测准确性)减少库存过多和立木度不足的数量和减少公司的利润。B)减少库存过多和立木度不足的数量和增加

公司的利润。C)增加库存过多和立木度不足的数量和增加公司的利润。D)减少库存过多和立木度不足的数量和增加公司

的利润。

20) Supply chain managers are able to

A) increase their forecast accuracy as lead times increase.

B) increase their forecast accuracy as lead times decrease.

C) decrease their forecast accuracy as lead times decrease.

D) decrease their forecast accuracy as lead times increase.

Answer: B

20)供应链经理能够提高预测精度随着交货期增加。B)增加预测精度降低铅倍。C)减少预测精度降低铅倍。D)减少预测

精度随着时间增加。

21) As lead times decrease, supply chain managers are able to

A) better match supply with demand.

B) better match demand with supply.

C) increase supply chain cost.

D) decrease product availability.

Answer: A

21)交货时间减少,供应链经理能够更好的供应与需求相符。B)更好的匹配需求与供应。C)增加供应链成本。D)减少产品

的可用性。

22) Which of the following is not a consequence of being able to place a second order during the

season for a seasonal product?

A) The expected total quantity ordered during the season with two orders is less.

B) The average overstock to be disposed of at the end of the sales season is less.

C) The profits are higher.

D) The average inventory level is higher.

Answer: D

22)下面哪个不是能够第二次订货的结果在赛季中为季节性产品?)预期的总订购数量在赛季中有两个订单是少。B)的平均

库存过剩是处理结束时销售季节少。C)利润更高。D)的平均库存水平较高。

23) As the total quantity for the season is broken up into multiple smaller orders, the buyer is

better able to

A) match supply and demand and increase cost.

B) match supply and demand and increase profitability.

C) match supply and demand and decrease profitability.

D) match supply and demand and decrease product availability.

Answer: B

23)作为本赛季的总量分解成多个小的订单,买方能够更好地)匹配需求和供给,增加成本。B)供需匹配,增加盈利能力。C)

供应和需求,降低盈利能力相匹配。D)匹配供应和需求,降低产品的可用性。

24) If quick response allows multiple orders in the season,

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A) profits decrease and the overstock quantity decreases.

B) profits decrease and the overstock quantity increases.

C) profits increase and the overstock quantity decreases.

D) profits increase and the overstock quantity increases.

Answer: C

24)如果快速响应允许多个订单,利润下降和存货量减少。B)利润下降和存货量增加。C)利润增加,存货量减少。D)利润和

存货数量的增加而增加。

25) Quick response is clearly advantageous to

A) a distributor in the supply chain.

B) a retailer in the supply chain.

C) a manufacturer in the supply chain.

D) every step in the supply chain.

Answer: B

25)快速反应显然是有利于供应链的经销商。B)零售商的供应链。C)供应链的制造商。D)在供应链中的每一步。

26) Quick response results in

A) the manufacturer making a lower profit in the long term if all else is unchanged.

B) the manufacturer making a lower profit in the short term if all else is unchanged.

C) the retailer making a lower profit in the short term if all else is unchanged.

D) the distributor making a lower profit in the short term if all else is unchanged.

Answer: B

26)快速反应结果的)制造商长期较低盈利如果一切不变。B)制造商做低利润在短期内如果一切不变。C)零售商做低利润

在短期内如果一切不变。D)经销商做低利润在短期内如果一切不变。

27) There is a cost associated with postponement because the production cost using

postponement is typically

A) higher than the production cost without it.

B) lower than the production cost without it.

C) very stable.

D) equal to the production cost without it.

Answer: A

27)关联的成本使用推迟推迟,因为生产成本通常高于生产成本没有它。B)没有它低于生产成本。C)非常稳定。D)等于生

产成本没有它。

28) Postponement is valuable for a firm that

A) sells a large variety of products with demand that is dependent and comparable in size.

B) sells a large variety of products with demand that is independent and comparable in size.

C) sells a small variety of products with demand that is dependent and comparable in size.

D) sells a small variety of products with demand that is independent and comparable in size.

Answer: B

28)延期是有价值的一个公司)出售多种产品的需求,是依赖、比较大小。B)销售多种产品的需求是独立的,可比在大小。C)

销售小各种产品需求依赖和类似的大小。D)出售小各种产品的需求是独立的,比较大小。

29) Postponement is

A) not very effective if a large fraction of demand comes from multiple products.

B) not very effective if a small fraction of demand comes from a single product.

1-88

C) only effective if a large fraction of demand comes from a single product.

D) effective even if a large fraction of demand comes from a single product.

Answer: B

29)推迟)不是非常有效,如果需求大部分来自多个产品。B)不是非常有效,如果一小部分需求来自单一产品。C)只有有效的

很大一部分来自单个产品的需求。D)有效,即使大部分的需求来自于一个单一的产品。

30) When a firm uses production with postponement to satisfy a part of its demand with the rest

being satisfied without postponement, it is using

A) adjustable postponement.

B) flexible postponement.

C) managed postponement.

D) tailored postponement.

Answer: D

30)当公司使用与推迟生产,满足其需求的一部分与其他被满意没有推迟,这是使用一个)可调推迟。B)灵活的推迟。C)推迟

管理。D)定制的推迟。

31) Under tailored postponement, a firm produces the amount that is very likely to sell using

A) the lower cost production method with postponement and produces the portion of demand

that is uncertain using postponement.

B) the lower cost production method without postponement and produces the portion of

demand that is uncertain using postponement.

C) the higher cost production method with postponement and produces the portion of demand

that is uncertain using postponement.

D) the higher cost production method without postponement and produces the portion of demand

that is uncertain using postponement.

31)在定制的推迟,公司生产的数量很可能出售使用)更低的成本生产方法推迟和生产要求的部分是不确定使用延期。B)更

低的成本生产方法没有延期和生产使用延期要求的部分是不确定的。C)延期的高成本生产方法和生产需求的部分不确定

使用延期。D)高成本生产方法没有延期和生产使用延期要求的部分是不确定的。

32) In tailored sourcing, firms use a combination of two supply sources,

A) one focusing on cost but unable to handle uncertainty well, and the other focusing on

flexibility to handle uncertainty, but at a higher cost.

B) one focusing on cost and able to handle uncertainty well, and the other focusing on flexibility

to handle uncertainty, but at a higher cost.

C) one focusing on cost but unable to handle uncertainty well, and the other focusing on

flexibility to handle uncertainty at a lower cost.

D) one focusing on cost and able to handle uncertainty well, and the other focusing on flexibility

to handle uncertainty at a lower cost.

32)定制采购,公司使用的组合两个供应源,一个)关注成本,但无法处理的不确定性,和其他关注的灵活性来处理不确定性,

但在更高的成本。B)一个专注于成本和能够处理不确定性,和其他关注的灵活性来处理不确定性,但在更高的成本。C)关

注成本,但无法处理的不确定性,和其他关注的灵活性以更低的成本来处理不确定性。D)一个专注于成本和能够处理不确

定性,和其他关注的灵活性来处理不确定性以更低的成本。

33) In product-based tailored sourcing

A) low-volume products with uncertain demand are obtained from a flexible source.

B) high-volume products with less demand uncertainty are obtained from an efficient source.

C) high-volume products with less demand uncertainty are obtained from a flexible source.

1-89

D) A and B only

33)在基于产品定制采购少量产品需求不确定从灵活的来源。B)获得大容量产品减少需求的不确定性得到一个有效的来源。

C)大容量产品减少需求的不确定性得到一个灵活的来源。D)A和B

34) The level of product availability, also referred to as the ________, is one of the primary

measures of a supply chain's responsiveness.

A) no stock out level

B) reliability level

C) customer service level

D) logistics measure

Answer: C

34)产品可用性的程度,也称为______,是供应链的响应能力的主要措施。)没有股票水平B)可靠性水平C)物流客户服务水

平D)测量答:C

35) A high level of product availability requires ________, which raises supply chain costs.

A) large inventories

B) increased revenues

C) reduced costs

D) understocking the product

Answer: A

35)高水平的产品可用性需要______,它提出了供应链成本。C))大库存B)增加收入降低成本D)存货不足的产品

36) A manager can reduce demand uncertainty via the following means EXCEPT

A) lengthened forecasting window.

B) quick response.

C) postponement.

D) tailored sourcing.

Answer: A

36)经理可以减少需求的不确定性通过以下手段除了)延长预测窗口。B)快速反应,C)推迟。D)定制采购。

37) ________ is the set of actions a supply chain takes to reduce the replenishment lead time.

A) Lengthened forecasting window

B) Quick response

C) Postponement

D) Tailored sourcing

37)________行动的集合是一个供应链需要减少补货间隔期。)延长预测窗口B)快速响应C)推迟D)定制采购

38) ________ allows a firm to increase profits and better match supply and demand if the firm

produces a large variety of products whose demand is unpredictable, not positively correlated,

and is of about the same size.

A) Shortened forecasting window

B) Quick response

C) Postponement

D) Tailored sourcing

Answer: C

38)________允许公司增加利润和更好的供给和需求,如果公司生产的多种产品的需求是不可预测的,不是呈正相关,差不

多大。B)缩短预测窗口)快速反应C)推迟D)定制采购

1-90

39) ________ may reduce overall profits for a firm if a single product contributes the majority of

the demand.

A) Shortened forecasting window

B) Quick response

C) Postponement

D) Tailored sourcing

Answer: C

39)________可能降低整体公司如果单个产品的利润贡献的大多数需求。B)缩短预测窗口)快速反应C)推迟D)定制采购

回答:C

40) In volume-based tailored sourcing

A) the predictable part of a product's demand is produced at an efficient facility.

B) the uncertain portion is produced at an efficient facility.

C) the predictable part of a product's demand is produced at a flexible facility.

D) the predictable part of a product's demand is outsourced.

Answer: A

40)在基于卷的定制采购)产生的可预测的一部分产品的需求在一个高效的设施。B)产生的不确定的部分是在一个有效的

工具。C)可预测的一部分产品的需求在一个灵活的生产设施。D)产品的需求预测的部分外包。

41) The level of product availability, also referred to as the ________, is one of the primary

measures of a supply chain's responsiveness.

A) no stock out level

B) reliability level

C) customer service level

D) logistics measure

Answer: C

41)产品可用性的程度,也称为______,是供应链的响应能力的主要措施。)没有股票水平B)可靠性水平C)物流客户服务水

平D)测量答:C

42) A high level of product availability requires ________, which raises supply chain costs.

A) large inventories

B) increased revenues

C) reduced costs

D) understocking the product

Answer: A

42)高水平的产品可用性需要______,它提出了供应链成本。C))大库存B)增加收入降低成本D)产品存货不足的

43) A manager can reduce demand uncertainty via the following means EXCEPT

A) lengthened forecasting window.

B) quick response. C) postponement. D) tailored sourcing.

43)经理可以减少需求的不确定性通过以下手段除了)延长预测窗口。B)快速反应。C)推迟。D)定制采购。

44) ________ is the set of actions a supply chain takes to reduce the replenishment lead time.

A) Lengthened forecasting window

1-91

B) Quick response

C) Postponement D) Tailored sourcing

44)________是一个供应链的操作集减少补货间隔期。)延长预测窗口B)快速响应C)推迟D)定制采购

45) ________ allows a firm to increase profits and better match supply and demand if the firm

produces a large variety of products whose demand is unpredictable, not positively correlated,

and is of about the same size.

A) Shortened forecasting window B) Quick response

C) Postponement D) Tailored sourcing

45)________允许公司增加利润和更好的供给和需求,如果公司生产的多种产品的需求是不可预测的,不是呈正相关,差不

多大。B)缩短预测窗口)快速反应C)推迟D)定制采购

46) ________ may reduce overall profits for a firm if a single product contributes the majority of

the demand.

A) Shortened forecasting window B) Quick response

C) Postponement D) Tailored sourcing

46)________可能降低整体公司如果单个产品的利润贡献的大多数需求。B)缩短预测窗口)快速反应C)推迟D)定制采购

47) In volume-based tailored sourcing

A) the predictable part of a product's demand is produced at an efficient facility.

B) the uncertain portion is produced at an efficient facility.

C) the predictable part of a product's demand is produced at a flexible facility.

D) the predictable part of a product's demand is outsourced.

47)在基于卷的定制采购)产生的可预测的一部分产品的需求在一个高效的设施。B)产生的不确定的部分是在一个有效的

工具。C)可预测的一部分产品的需求在一个灵活的生产设施。D)产品的需求预测的部分外包。

1-92

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