高考英语写作同义替换及句式汇总

高考英语写作同义替换及句式汇总

一、常用的词汇替换

1.词义替换 (1)名词

①担忧:worry→concern

③影响:influence→impact

⑤难题:problem→issue

⑦垃圾:litter→rubbish, trash

⑨住所:house→shelter

②建议:suggestion→proposal

④目标:target→goal

⑥机会:chance→opportunity

⑧发展:development→advance, progress

⑩困难:difficulty→obstacle, barrier,

challenge

优势:advantage→merit, virtue, benefit,

upside, strength

缺陷:disadvantage→drawback,

downside, weakness

方法:method→way, approach

姿势:pose→gesture

财富,财产:wealth→fortune, property

居民:resident→citizen

原因:reason→factor

人:people→individual, person, human

老人:old people→the aged, the elderly

干旱:with no rain at all→drought

地区:district→zone, place, region, area

冒险:adventure→expedition

高速公路:expressway→freeway

塞车:jam→congestion

(2)动词

①减轻:ease→relieve

③讨厌:hate→dislike, be fed up with, be

bored with

⑤对……感兴趣:be interested in→be

caught up in, be crazy about, be keen on,

be fond of

⑦充分利用:make full use of→make the

most/best of,take advantage of

⑨完成:accomplish→achieve, finish

②提倡:propose→advocate

④鼓励,激发:encourage→motivate, fuel

⑥阻止:prevent→stop

⑧相似:look like→resemble

⑩抵挡:stand up to→withstand, resist,

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oppose

处理:deal with→handle

采取措施:take action→take measures,

take steps

出发去某地:set off for→head for, leave

for

降低至:fall to→decline to, decrease to,

drop to

消除:clear→eliminate, remove

宣称:declare→claim

保持:keep→preserve, reserve, maintain

暴露:reveal→expose

提高:improve→enhance

与……联系:associate with→connect

with

得到:get→acquire, obtain

感谢:thank→appreciate

解决:solve→cope with, deal with, resolve

步行:walk→cover

认为:think→claim, consider, believe,

insist, hold

保护:protect→conserve, preserve

加速:speed up→accelerate

经历:undergo→experience

要求:request→demand, require

确保:ensure→assure, guarantee, make

sure

给予:give→offer, provide, supply

导致:lead to→cause, give rise to, result

in

使:make→enable

改变:change→transform, alter

建立:build→establish, set up

拥有:have→possess, own

表达:express→convey

帮助:help→assist, aid

确信:make sure→ensure

损害:damage→hurt, injure, harm,

impair, endanger

致力于:be devoted to→be committed

to

允许某人做某事:give sb. permission to

do sth.→allow sb. to do sth.

推迟:put off→delay

展示:show→reveal, illustrate, present

预订:book→reserve

转换:switch→convert, transform

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禁止:forbid→ban, prohibit

由……构成:be made up of→be

composed of, consist of

承担责任:shoulder/undertake one's

duty→be responsible for, take

responsibility

尽力做某事:do sth. to the best of one's

ability→try one's best to do sth., spare no

effort to do sth., make every effort to do

sth.

(3)形容词

①乏味的:boring→dull, tiresome

③出名的:famous→notable, renowned

②害怕的:afraid→frightened, scared

④显然的:obvious→apparent, evident,

clear

⑥有益的:useful→helpful, beneficial,

profitable, rewarding

⑧粗鲁的:rude→impolite

⑩快速的:fast→speedy

许多:many→a sea of, an ocean of,

abundant, numerous, considerable

聪明的:clever→smart, gifted,

sharp-minded

穷的:in poverty→poor, needy

重要的:important→significant, essential,

critical, vital, crucial

神圣的:sacred→holy

少量的:a small number of→a handful of

专心致志于:put one's heart into→be

absorbed in, be bent on, be buried in

增加:be on the rise→increase, multiply

区分:tell sth./sb. apart→distinguish

维持:sustain→support, maintain

⑤严重的:severe→serious

⑦新的:new→fresh, brand new, novel

⑨怀疑的:doubtful→skeptical,

suspicious, incredulous

最便宜的:the least expensive→the

cheapest

巨大的:big→enormous, vast, massive,

tremendous

好的:good→fantastic, magnificent,

outstanding, remarkable

悲伤的:sad→depressed, frustrated

基本的:fundamental→basic, essential

充足的;富裕;富有:rich in→plentiful,

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ample, generous, abundant

主要的:primary→main

勇敢的:brave→fearless, bold,

courageous

艰难的:difficult→tough, challenging

传统的:traditional→conventional

最初的:initial→original

(4)副词

①非常:very→extremely, intensely,

extraordinarily

③起先:firstly→originally, initially

⑤肯定地:certainly→definitely,

undoubtedly, obviously, apparently

②最后:finally→eventually, ultimately

④大约:approximately→almost, about,

around, nearly, roughly

⑥经常,总是:frequently→constantly,

always

合理的:reasonable→sensible, rational,

sound

开心的:happy→cheerful, delightful

有害的:harmful→damaging, ruinous

生气的:angry→annoyed, irritated

疲劳的:worn→tired, exhausted

⑦立刻:right now→immediately, shortly, ⑧事实上:as a matter of fact→practically,

right away

⑨平稳地:steadily→smoothly

偶尔,有时:now and then→at times,

occasionally

每天:day in and day out→every day

仅仅:only→merely

目前:at present→nowadays, recently

(5)其他替换

①我认为:in my opinion→personally,

from my perspective

③虽然:despite/regardless the fact

that→although

②关于:with regard to→as for

in practice, in reality, in effect, in fact

⑩决不,从不:never→on no account, at no

time, under no circumstances

很少:rarely→seldom

缓慢地,轻微地:slightly→slowly, mildly

完全地:totally→absolutely, completely

急剧地:dramatically→sharply, steeply

④同时:at the same time→meanwhile

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⑤同时:at the same time→in the

meantime

⑦对比:on the other hand→by contrast,

on the contrary

2.词性转换

①追求:pursue v.→pursuit n.

③重要的:important adj.→be of

importance n.

⑤强调:put an emphasis on

n.→emphasize v.

⑦讨论:have a discussion of n.→discuss

v.

⑨比较:comparison n.→compare v.

②受伤:injure v.→injured adj.受伤的

→injury n.受伤

④受欢迎:popular adj.→popularity n.

⑥因为:on account of the fact

that→because

⑧此外:in addition→besides, furthermore,

moreover

⑥更喜欢:prefer v.→preference n.

⑧缺乏:a lack of n.→lack v.

⑩倾向于:have a tendency to do n.→tend

to do v.

调查:conduct an investigation

n.→investigate v.

解释:give an explanation of n.→explain

v.

各种不同的:a variety of n.→various adj.

指派,布置作业:assign v.→assignment n.

辨别:distinguish v.→distinguished adj.突

出的

使烦恼:annoy v.→annoying adj.令人烦

恼的→annoyance n.烦恼

需要:have a need for n.→need v.

决定:make a decision n.→decide v.

创造性:creativity n.→creative adj.

评估:assess v.→assessment n.

方便:convenience n.→convenient adj.

评估:evaluate v.→evaluation n.

二、常用的写作句式

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(一) 提出建议的句型

I suggest that… Why not do…? Why don’t you do…?

You would better do/ not do… If I were you，I would……

It seems to me that you could…… You may consider doing…

I feel that it would be beneficial if… You may consider doing…

I think it would be more beneficial if you could……

As you may agree that I would like to suggest that…

(二) 结尾常用格式

I hope that my suggestions are helpful for your decision-making anyway.

I would be more than happy to see improvement in this regard.

I believe that you will take my suggestions into serious account.

I would be ready to discuss about this matter with you to further details.

Whatever you decide to do， good luck with your studies/work！

(三) 连接词

y：previously, initially, foremost(adv,第一 adj.最重要的)

lly: principally, mainly, basically, fundamentally,

：subsequently（随后陆续的）, afterward（时间上的）, thereafter（逻辑上的）,

secondarily, furthermore

：ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, as a final point, last but not least,

: in addition, besides, moreover, additionally

: plus, as well as, along with, in addition

: otherwise, if not, before, or else

(adv): therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly,

9. Because: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that

: however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, even if, while,

despite the fact that

: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely

12. Very: extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly,

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13. Actually: as a matter of fact, indeed, literally, truly

14. Important: essential, significant, vital, crucial, profound, play a pushing, requisite,

critical, fundamental, primary, elementary, underlying, rudimentary, basically,

necessary…

EXAMPLE:

（1）A is important to B.

（2）A plays an/a important role to B

（3）A is of (greatenormoussignificantawesome) to B.

（4）A means (a lota great dealmuch) to B.

（5）The importance of A (to B) can never be （deniedignoreddoubted).

（6）Nothing is more crucial to B than A.

（7）A is to B what the foundation is to a skyscraper.

ult: demanding(劳神费力的),laborious（艰苦的）,formidable（艰巨的）

: numerous, myriad, infinite,

quantities of a (large) number of / (large) numbers of + 可数名词复数

plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词 a good/great many + 可数名词复

a large/huge amount of / large amounts of + 不可数 many a + 可数名词单数

Small: minimum, diminutive, minute, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny,

：petite（女子身高娇小）

: adverse(不利的), negative

: excellent, outstanding, extraordinary, remarkable

: massive, enormous, tremendous, giant, vast, large, huge, bulky,

; dull, tiresome, tedious(乏味的)

ep: He that can read and meditate will not find his evenings long or life tedious.

d: anxious, apprehensive, fraught

: depressed(无望的，失落的) ；gloomy(情绪低落的)

ep: She felt very depressed about the future.

ep: They found him in gloomy, downbeat mood.

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ated(沮丧的)

ep: Both sides appeared very frustrated at the lack of progress.

: renowned

ep: The region is renowned for its outstanding natural beauty.

e：noticeable

ep: The book stands out as one of the notable landmarks in the progress of modern

science.)

nt: ample, plentiful, generous

ent: various, a variety of, diverse

: universal, pervasive(普遍的,普通的)

d: skeptical, suspicious(怀疑的)

ep: Most organizations are, quite understandably, suspicious of new ideas.

sting: amusing, entertaining, engaging

: courageous, bold, fearless

able: sound, rational, sensible

=needy

=wealthy

t：excluding

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