英语全球化

英语全球化

英语全球化的利弊

With the process of globalization, English

becomes more and more popular. Faced with

the question whether the spread of English

all over the world is advantageous or not,

there is no consensus of opinion among

people. As to me, I will say it is

disadvantageous without any hesitation. A

number of factors could account for this

phenomenon. First and foremost,

English can divide the society into many

classes, which widen the gap between the

rich and the poor. We can take China as an

example, recently, English becomes more and

more popular, and lots of companies regard

English as a boundary in interviews. In

China, if there are two people who own same

education seeking for the same job, under

this circumstance, the one who masters

English better will get more chance and this

situation also adapt for many other

countries. Secondly, English is

endangering linguistic diversity and

causing culture disaster. The linguists

says that there are almost seventy thousand

kinds of languages in the world, and half of

them on the brink of extinction, what’s

worse, every two weeks there is one language

disappearing, which is two times as many as

mammals, and four times as many as birds.

There is no doubt that English accelerates

this course. Besides, language is the

carrier of culture, that is to say, the

variety of culture is also in a dangerous

state with the extinction of languages. To

some degree, we can also gain information

from many countries’ behavior. In 2000,

Poland’s government makes a

law for banning English used in their

advertisements; in recent years, France

also asks their people use French in formal

occasions, except there isn’t a world to

express the meaning, or it will be illegal.

These examples can testify that English had

led to linguistic and culture invasion.

Last but not least. The widespread of

English is also bad for itself. On the one

hand, people from English countries are

unwilling to learn other languages or get to

know another culture, and some researches

indicate that it’s more difficult for them

to learn a second language than other

countries, all of these can account for the

popularity of English. On the other hand,

English is also changed during the

disseminative progress. It had already

shaped the “new English”, such as Indian

English, Chinglish and so on. All in

all, the extinction of language, the fading

of culture, and the invasion of other

cultures and the changing of native English,

which are all signals that the spread of

English

all over the world is

disadvantageous.

英语与全球贸易

全球化与国际贸易 由于全球化的原因，国际间

的贸易不断增强。 而一些不同国家的传统习惯，

也慢慢进入到了贸易里。而一些大家公认的经济

的常识也慢慢地被人们所用。 例如

全球化（globalization）一词，是一种概念，

也是一种人类社会发展的现象过程。全球化目前

有诸多定义，通常意义上的全球化是指全球联系

不断增强，人类生活在全球规模的基础上发展及

全球意识的崛起。国与国之间在政治、经济贸易

上互相依存。全球化亦可以解释为世界的压缩和

视全球为一个整体 The term globalization,

is a concept, but also a process of the

development of human society phenomenon.

Globalization has many definitions. In the

usual sense of globalization refers to the

growing global links. The rise of the

development of human life based on a global

scale and the global consciousness will

improve. Between country and country in the

political, economic and trade

interdependence, globalization also can be

explained by the compression and the earth

as a whole world.

国际贸易（International Trade）是指不同国

家（和/或地区）之间的商品和劳务的交换活动。

国际贸易是商品和劳务的国际转移。国际贸易也

叫世界贸易。 国际贸易由进口贸易（Import

Trade）和出口贸易(Export Trade)两部分组成，

故有时也称为进出口贸易。 International

trade is the exchange activities between

different countries of goods and services.

International trade is the international

transfer of goods and services.

International trade also called world trade.

International trade is composed of two parts

the import and export trade It is sometimes

called as the import and export trade.

语言全球化与政治

对南北关系产生双重影响

南北关系的实质是发展中国家摆脱发达国家经

济和政治上的剥削与控制，谋求建立公正合理的

国际政治、经济新秩序。经济全球化对南北关系

产生了双重的影响。从积极的方面来看，首先南

北关系长期以来的紧张态势得到一定程度的缓

解。过去南方对北方的单向依赖已变成双方的相

互依赖和相互竞争，南北经济交往的规模和密切

程度空前增强。彼此都认识到，只有保持南北双

方和谐发展，世界经济才能得以健康地运行。双

方都在处理南北关系时表现出务实性和灵活性，

放弃了一些过高的、不切实际的要求。其次，一

些发展中国家抓住新的发展机遇，缩短了与发达

国家的经济差距，南方的国际地位有所提高。南

方国家之间要求加强经济和科技合作的呼声很

高

Have a double impact on North South

Relations

The essence of North South relations are

developing countries get rid of

exploitation and control of developed

countries economically and politically, and

sought to establish a new international

political and economic order, fair and

reasonable. Economic globalization has

double effects on North South relations. On

the positive side, the North South relations

tension has eased to some extent. The past

one-way dependence on the North South has

become dependent on both sides and mutual

competition, scale and extent of South North

economic exchanges and enhanced. To know

each other, only to maintain the harmonious

development of the world economy in both

north and south, to the healthy operation of.

Both sides in the treatment of North South

relations showed pragmatism and flexibility,

to give up some excessive, unrealistic

demands. Secondly, some developing

countries to seize the new opportunities of

development, shorten the economic gap with

the developed countries, the South's

international status has improved. Southern

countries called for strengthening the

economic and technological cooperation is

very high voice

.推动区域内国家联合

经济全球化带来世界市场的激烈竞争，各个国

家，特别是弱国、小国，都希望增强自身的竞争

力，但是一个国家又往往力不从心，于是有着地

理、文化等若干共同因素的国家就通过区域内国

家的联合，通过地区经济一体化来加强争夺市场

份额的能力。近年来，地区经济一体化组织不断

增多，60年代只有9个，70年代发展到28个，

80年代有32个，到1997年达107个，共有150

多个国家和地区参与，有的还参与了多个地区经

济一体化组织。

Economic globalization has brought the

fierce competition in the world market,

every country, especially the weak, small,

want to enhance the competitiveness of a

country, but also often inadequate, so there

are some common factors such as geography,

culture of the country by the United Nations

in the region, to enhance the ability to

compete for market share by regional

economic integration. In recent years,

regional economic integration

organizations increased only 9, 60's, 70's

to 80's of 28, 32, to 1997 reached 107, a

total of participating in more than 150

countries and regions, and some also

participated in the economic integration

organizations in many areas.

There is an example, European

union.( Treaties of the European Union)

Treaties of the European Union ” European

Union” June 11, 2014

语言与文化

语言是文化的载体，英语语言全球化与英美文化

国际化可谓是双向积极作用着彼此。英国文化随

着殖民扩张而广泛传播，世人一度视英国文化为

“先进”的，并通过学习其语言来追随进而试图

融入这样“先进的”文化氛围，因此有人说英语

国际化是“文化帝国主义”的突出表现。二战后，

美国科技的迅猛发展使其语言文化的国际扩展

如虎添翼。以美国文化背景为主的广播、报纸、

杂志、电影、广告、流行音乐、体育、电视节目

在全球范围内的传播, 为英语国际化提供了充

分的文化土壤。随着信息化时代的到来, 英语更

是以汽车文化、手机文化、网络文化、快餐文化

等诸多新形式被人们所接受。世界各国在以美国

为主导的国际制度安排下，为了维护自身的生存

和发展利益，纷纷自觉地选择英语作为交流工

具，这样美国的意识形态和价值观念在美国文化

载体的携带下，向全球不断扩张，在社会生活的

各领域不断渗透。英语全球化运动已经由横向扩

张过渡到横向扩张与纵向深化相结合的状态，继

而催生了英语的语言霸权。

英语的全球化仿佛一把双刃剑，一方面共同的

语言便于全世界各国人民的交流和沟通，另一方

面放弃本民族语的使用对各国母语的留存构成

了严重的威胁，达到一定程度，国家民族身份也

将面临着挑战。

世界共六千多种语言，但约两千种语言使用者

不足一千人，其中半数语言已不被儿童传授。有

人预计，现存的六千多种语言将会有80%到本世

纪末消失，那么这些土族或者少数民族的后代将

会使用什么语言来代替先辈的语言？或是本国

的第一语言，或是在本国作为第二语言的英语。

有学者也曾把英语称为“杀手语言”（killer

language）“语言凶手”（language murder）。

Language is the carrier of culture, the

English language and American culture

globalization and internationalization can

be described as a two-way active role in each

other. With the British colonial expansion

and widespread, and the world was, as the

British as "advanced" and by learning their

language to follow and then tried to

assimilate into this "advanced" culture, so

some people say that English is the

international "cultural imperialism "the

outstanding performance. After World War II,

the rapid development of science and

technology the United States makes it even

more powerful international expansion of

language and culture. US-based cultural

background radio, newspapers, magazines,

movies, advertising, pop music, sports,

television programs spread across the globe,

in order to provide a full English

international cultural soil. With the

advent of the information age, many new

forms of English are more car culture,

mobile phone culture, network culture, fast

food culture is accepted. In the world of

international institutional arrangements

under the US-led, in order to safeguard

their own survival and development

interests, have consciously choose English

as a communication tool, this ideology and

values of American culture in the United

States under the carrier to carry to the

world's growing expansion in all areas of

social life continue to penetrate.

English-globalization movement has been the

transition from the horizontal expansion to

horizontal expansion and vertical depth of

combining state and then gave birth to the

hegemony of the English language.

The globalization of English as if

double-edged sword, on the one hand a common

language to facilitate communication and

the exchange of all peoples of the world, on

the other hand give up the use of the

national language of each country's native

language retention constitutes a serious

threat to a certain extent, the identity of

the nation is also facing challenges.

A total of six thousand languages in the

world, but about two thousand people less

than one thousand kinds of language users,

half of whom language has not been taught

children. It was expected that the existing

six thousand languages will disappear 80% of

the end of the century, the descendants of

the Turkish minority or what language will

be used instead of the language of our

ancestors? Or their first language, or in

the country as a second language English.

Some scholars have called the English

"killer language" (killer language) "killer

language" (language murder).

总结

世界语言多元化是人类语言生态形式平衡发

展的基础，进而也是人类文明多样化得以传承发

展的有利保障，只有不同民族之间相互学习借

鉴，才能保持各民族独有的自身活力并呈现出良

好的社会文化环境。倘若世界各国自古以来形成

的多民族、多语言、多文化的格局被打破，最明

显的体现就是弱势和少数语言走向濒危，这不是

英语的胜利，而是英语的失败。如果没有了语言

的多样性，积累了数万年的人类文化就会随之消

失，丰富的人类文明史就会停滞不前。因此，世

界各国都应该制定出对待英语以及保护本民族

语言的对策和措施，各国政府肩负着发展境内少

数民族语言和保护濒危语言的责任，这是人类共

同的利益。

The world's linguistic diversity is the

foundation of human ecological balance in

the form of language development,

diversification and thus also the heritage

of human civilization can be advantageous to

protect the development of mutual learning

between different ethnic reference only, in

order to maintain the vitality of all ethnic

groups unique to itself and showed a good

social and cultural environment. If the

pattern of the world since ancient times,

formed a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual,

multi-cultural is broken, the most obvious

manifestation is vulnerable to endangered

and minority languages, it is not the

victory of English, but English failure.

Without linguistic diversity, it has

accumulated tens of thousands of years of

human culture will disappear, rich history

of human civilization will stagnate.

Therefore, the world should develop a

treatment and the protection of the English

national language policies and measures,

governments shoulder the responsibility for

the development and protection of minority

languages in the territory of endangered

languages, it is the common interest of

mankind.