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2024年3月29日发(作者：登录页代码)
雅思10t1p1阅读原文
By the year 2050, nearly 80% of the Earths population will live in urban centres.
Applying the most conservative} estimates to current demographic trends, tho
human population will increase by about throo billion people by then. An
estimated 1()9 hoctarcs of now land (about 20% larger than Brazil) will bo nooded
Lo grow enough food to food thorn, if traditional farming methods continue as
they ar(3 practised today. At present, throughout the world, over 80% of the land
that is suitable for raising crops is in use. Historically, some 15% of that has been
laid waste by poor management practices. What can be done to ensure enough
food for the world's population to live on?
The concept of indoor farming is not new, since hothouse production of
tomatoes and other produce has been in vogue for some time. What is new is the
urgent need to scale up this technology to accommodate another three billion
people. Many believe an entirely new approach to indoor farming is required,
employing cutting-edge technologies. One such proposal is for the 'Vertical Farm*.
The concept is of multi-storey
buildings in which food crops arc grown in environmentally controllod
conditions. Situated in the heart of urban centres, they would drastically roduco
tho amount of transportation required lo brijig food to consumors. Vortical i'arms
would nood to bo offic'itml, cli(;ap lo cnnslruct and safe to operate. If successfully
implomonUid, propononts claim, vtirlical farms offer tlio promise of urban
ronovval, sustainabln production of a safe and varied food supply (through
year-round production of all crops), and the eventual repair of ecosystems that
have boen sacrificed for horizontal farming.
It took humans 10,000 years to learn how to grow most of the crops we now
take for granted. Along the way, we despoiled most of the land we worked, often
turning verdant, natural ecozones into semi-arid deserts. Within that same time
frame, we evolved into an urban species, in which 60% of the human population
now lives vertically in cities. This means that, for the majority, we humans have
shelter from the elements, yet we subject our food
bearing plants to the rigours of the great outdoors and can do no more than
hope for a good weather year. However, more often than not now, due to a rapidly
changing climate, that is not what happens. Massive floods, long droughts,
hurricanes and severe monsoons take their toll each year, destroying millions of
tons of valuable crops.
The supporters of vertical farming claim many potential advantages for the
system. For instance, crops would be produced all year round, as they would be
kept in artificially controlled, optimum growing conditions. There would be no
weather-related crop failures duo to droughts, floods or pests. All the food could
be grown organically, oliminating the nood for herbicides, posticidos and
fertilisors. r['he system would greatly reduce tho incidence of many infectious
diseases that arc acquired at tho agricultural interface. Although the system would
consume energy, it would return energy to the grid via methane generation from
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