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吸收式制冷的原理和流程
Absorption refrigeration is a type of refrigeration system that uses a
heat source to provide the energy needed to drive the refrigeration
cycle. Absorption refrigeration process starts with the absorption of a
refrigerant vapor by a liquid absorbent. 吸收式制冷是一种利用热源提供
能量驱动制冷循环的制冷系统。吸收制冷过程以将制冷剂蒸汽被液体吸收剂
吸收开始。
The absorption refrigeration process typically consists of four main
steps: Evaporation, Absorption, Pumping, and Heat exchange. 吸收制
冷过程通常包括四个主要步骤：蒸发、吸收、泵送和换热。
During the evaporation step, the refrigerant, usually ammonia,
evaporates from a low-pressure liquid to a low-pressure vapor. 在蒸
发过程中，制冷剂通常是氨，它从低压液体蒸发为低压蒸汽。
In the absorption step, the low-pressure vapor is absorbed by a
liquid absorbent, such as water or lithium bromide, to form a high-
pressure liquid. 在吸收步骤中，低压蒸汽被液体吸收剂（如水或溴化锂）
吸收，形成高压液体。
The pumping step is where the high-pressure liquid is pumped to a
higher pressure. 泵送步骤是将高压液体泵送到更高的压力。
During the heat exchange step, heat is added to the high-pressure
liquid to release the refrigerant vapor, which starts the cycle again. 在
换热步骤中，热量被添加到高压液体中，释放制冷剂蒸汽，从而再次开始循
环。
Absorption refrigeration systems are often used in applications
where waste heat is readily available, such as in industrial processes
or in buildings with co-generation systems. 吸收式制冷系统通常用于废
热易得的应用，比如工业过程或采用联产系统的建筑物。
The advantages of absorption refrigeration systems include their
ability to use low-grade waste heat as an energy source, their lack of
moving parts, and their ability to operate quietly. 吸收式制冷系统的优
点包括能够利用低品位废热作为能源、没有活动部件以及运行时的安静。
However, absorption refrigeration systems also have some
disadvantages, such as their relatively low coefficient of performance
compared to vapor-compression refrigeration systems, and their
larger size and weight. 然而，吸收式制冷系统也有一些缺点，比如其性能
系数相对较低，而与蒸发压缩制冷系统相比较大的体积和重量。
In conclusion, absorption refrigeration is a fascinating and complex
process that allows for the efficient cooling of spaces and materials
using waste heat as an energy source. 总之，吸收式制冷是一种迷人而
复杂的过程，它可以利用废热作为能源，高效地冷却空间和材料。
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