专题01 2018-2019年高考英语语法填空真题全解全析-历年高考英语真题分

目录

1.2019年全国卷1 ................................................................................................................................. 1

2.2019年全国卷2 ................................................................................................................................. 3

3.2019年全国卷3 ................................................................................................................................. 4

4.2018年全国卷1 ................................................................................................................................. 5

5.2018年全国卷2 ................................................................................................................................. 7

6.2018年全国卷3 ................................................................................................................................. 8

7.2018年浙江卷 .................................................................................................................................. 10

1.2019年全国卷1

1

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as

Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 1 they range all the way

across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global

population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied; however, biologists

calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.

Modem methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the

mid-1980s, and are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years

some Inuit people in Nunayut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human

settlements, leading to a 6 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have

responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human

settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 8 (high) than they actually are.

Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear sub-populations, three are declining,

six 10 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

1.【答案】that

【解析】考查连词之同位语从句。that 引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的内容。

2.【答案】 poorly

【解析】考查形容词和副词互换。修饰动词studied用副词poorly。

3.【答案】 of/for

【解析】考查介词。methods of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。

4.【答案】 to perform

【解析】考查非谓语动词to do 。系表结构之后用动词不定式做状语。

5.【答案】 have reported

【解析】考查谓语动词时态。根据时间状语In recent years，可知用现在完成时。

6.【答案】 belief

【解析】考查名词之动词变名词。空前有冠词提示，所以用名词形式，believe 的名词形式是

belief。

7.【答案】 noting

【解析】考查非谓语动词doing。介词by之后跟动名词形式。

2

8.【答案】 higher

【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据than可知用比较级。

9.【答案】 the

【解析】考查冠词。有recognized polar bear sub-populations限定，所以用定冠词the。

10.【答案】 are

【解析】考查谓语动词。根据句式结构可知此处是谓语部分，又根据主语six，可知用复数形

式are。

2.2019年全国卷2

A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1 (be) Britain’s oldest

full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily

at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard

work have 3 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be

Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.

Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4 (declare) she had no

plans 5 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up

work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6 (make) over the years. I

work not because I have to, 7 because I want to.”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it

remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don’t have any idea who

put grandma forward. When we got a call 8 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it

was 9 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of

her. It’s 10 (wonder).”

1.【答案】being

【解析】考查非谓语动词doing。介词for之后跟动名词形式。

2.【答案】 which

【解析】考查连词之定语从句。which she opened with her late husband Les是定语从句，修饰先

行词the pet shop。先行词the pet shop在定语从句中作opened的宾语，而且是非限制性定语从

句，因此用关系代词which。

3

3.【答案】finally

【解析】考查形容词和副词互换。修饰动词acknowledged用副词finally。

4.【答案】 declared

【解析】考查谓语动词时态。主语是proud Irene，可判断此处是谓语部分，又根据文章的时态，

可知用一般过去时。

5.【答案】 to retire

【解析】考查非谓语动词to do。动词不定式to retire作定语，修饰plans。

6.【答案】 have made

【解析】考查谓语动词时态。根据时间状语over the years，可知用现在完成时。

7.【答案】 but

【解析】考查连词之并列连词 。not … but… 不是…… 而是…… 。

8.【答案】 saying

【解析】考查非谓语动词doing。 When we got a call saying she was short-listed句中saying是现

在分词作定语，修饰a call，表示主动。

9.【答案】 a

【解析】考查冠词。表示泛指“一个”，用不定冠词a。

10.【答案】 wonderful

【解析】考查形容词之名词边形容词。It's wonderful. 系动词后用形容词作表语。

3.2019年全国卷3

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On our way to the house，it was raining 1 hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long

it would take 2 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.

We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3 dogs, seven to be exact. They

were well trained by their masters 4 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our

hosts shared many of their experiences and 5 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and

visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the

backyard.

When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an

4

interesting 6 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared

with us many 7 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 8 (huge) popular with

tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 9 (invite) to attend a private concert on a

beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 10 (listen) to musicians and meeting

interesting locals.

1.【答案】so

【解析】考查连词之状语从句。so… that … 引导结果状语从句，“ 如此…以至于…”。

2.【答案】 to get

【解析】考查非谓语动词to do。It takes some time to do sth. 花费时间干某事 。

3.【答案】of

【解析】考查介词。 a pack of dogs一群狗。

4.【答案】 who /that

【解析】考查连词之定语从句。修饰先行词their masters，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系

代词who /that。

5.【答案】 recommended

【解析】考查谓语动词时态。recommended 和 shared是并列谓语。

6.【答案】 competition

【解析】考查名词之动词变名词。前有形容词，an interesting competition to watch一场有趣的

比赛。

7.【答案】 traditional

【解析】考查形容词之名词变形容词。修饰名词stories要用形容词traditional。

8.【答案】 hugely

【解析】考查形容词和副词互换。修饰形容词popular，用副词hugely。

9.【答案】 were invited

【解析】考查谓语动词的被动语态。我们被邀请参加，根据文章的时态，可知要用一般过去时

的被动语态。

10.【答案】 listening

【解析】考查非谓语动词doing。句中listening和meeting是现在分词做伴随状语。

4.2018年全国卷1

5

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than

non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 2 (see) the benefit. You may drink,

smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running.

While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more

effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review

also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running

reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. it’s probably running. To

avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength) your leg

muscles(肌肉），avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 9

(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other

sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try.

1.【答案】longer

【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据than可知，此处用long的比较级。

2.【答案】 to see

【解析】考查非谓语动词之to do。根据句意“要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”, to see

作目的状语。

3.【答案】 dying

【解析】考查非谓语动词之doing。介词后应用die的动名词形式dying。

4.【答案】 is

【解析】考查谓语动词时态。根据空白处前面的can’t make和says可知，此处讲述的是客观事

实，因此用is。

5.【答案】 than

【解析】考查介词。这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比，再由上文的more effective可知，

此处用than。

6.【答案】 that / which

【解析】考查连词之定语从句。此处用that / which引导定语从句修饰先行词study。

7.【答案】 causes

【解析】考查名词单复数。根据all可知，cause用复数形式。

8.【答案】 strengthen

6