2010考研英语二真题及答案

2010考研英语二真题及答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

hnumberedblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,Cand

thebestoneandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETl.(10points)

TheoutbreakofswinefluthatwasfirstdetectedinMexicowasdeclaredaglobalepidemic

onJune11,efirstworldwideepidemic_____1_____bytheWorldHealth

Organizationin41years.

Theheightenedalert_____2_____anemergencymeetingwithfluexpertsinGenevathat

convenedafterasharpriseincasesinAustralia,andrising_____3_____inBritain,Japan,Chile

andelsewhere.

Buttheepidemicis"_____4_____"inseverity,accordingtoMargaretChan,the

organization'sdirectorgeneral,_____5_____theoverwhelmingmajorityofpatientsexperiencing

onlymildsymptomsandafullrecovery,ofteninthe_____6_____ofanymedicaltreatment.

Theoutbreakcametoglobal_____7_____inlateApril2009,whenMexicanauthorities

noticedanunusuallylargenumberofhospitalizationsanddeaths_____8_____

muchofMexicoCityshutdownattheheightofapanic,casesbeganto_____9_____inNewYork

City,thesouthwesternUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld.

IntheUnitedStates,newcasesseemedtofade_____10_____

lateSeptember2009,officialsreportedtherewas_____11_____fluactivityinalmosteverystate

andthatvirtuallyallthe_____12_____testedarethenewswineflu,alsoknownas(A)H1N1,not

.S.,ithas_____13_____morethanonemillionpeople,andcausedmorethan

600deathsandmorethan6,000hospitalizations.

Federalhealthofficials_____14_____Tamifluforchildrenfromthenationalstockpileand

began_____15_____vaccine,which

isdifferentfromtheannualfluvaccine,is____16_____anthree

milliondosesweretobemadeavailableinearlyOctober2009,thoughmostofthose

_____17_____doseswereoftheFluMistnasalspraytype,whichisnot_____18_____forpregnant

women,peopleover50orthosewithbreathingdifficulties,heartdiseaseorseveralother

_____19_____.Butitwasstillpossibletovaccinatepeopleinotherhigh-riskgroup:healthcare

workers,people_____20_____infantsandhealthyyoungpeople.

1[A]criticized[B]appointed[C]commented[D]designated

2[A]proceeded[B]activated[C]followed[D]prompted

3[A]digits[B]numbers[C]amounts[D]sums

4[A]moderate[B]normal[C]unusual[D]extreme

5[A]with[B]in[C]from[D]by

1

6[A]progress

7[A]reality

8.[A]over

9[A]stayup

10[A]as

11[A]excessive

12[A]categories

13[A]imparted

14[A]released

15[A]placing

16[A]feasible

17[A]prevalent

18[A]presented

19[A]problems

20[A]involvedin

[B]absence

[B]phenomenon

[B]for

[B]cropup

[B]if

[B]enormous

[B]examples

[B]immerse

[B]relayed

[B]delivering

[B]available

[B]principal

[B]restricted

[B]issues

[B]caringfor

[C]presence

[C]concept

[C]among

[C]fillup

[C]unless

[C]significant

[C]patterns

[C]injected

[C]relieved

[C]taking

[C]reliable

[C]innovative

[C]recommended

[C]agonies

[C]concernedwith

[D]favor

[D]notice

[D]to

[D]coverup

[D]until

[D]magnificent

[D]samples

[D]infected

[D]remained

[D]giving

[D]applicable

[D]initial

[D]introduced

[D]sufferings

[D]wardingoff

Section

Ⅱ

Readingcomprehension

PartA

Text1

Thelongestbullruninacenturyofart-markethistoryendedonadramaticnotewithasaleof

56worksbyDamienHirst,“BeautifulInsideMyHeadForever”，atSotheby’sinLondonon

twopiecessold,fetchingmorethan￡70m,arecordforasalebya

uctioneercalledoutbids,inNewYorkoneoftheoldest

banksonWallStreet,LehmanBrothers,filedforbankruptcy.

Theworldartmarkethadalreadybeenlosingmomentumforawhileafterrisingbewilderingly

eakin2007itwasworthsome$65billion,reckonsClareMcAndrew,founder

ofArtsEconomics,aresearchfirm—henitmayhave

comedownto$marketgeneratesinterestfarbeyonditssizebecauseitbrings

togethergreatwealth,enormousegos,greed,passionandcontroversyinawaymatchedbyfew

otherindustries.

IntheweeksandmonthsthatfollowedMrHirst’ssale,spendingofanysortbecamedeeply

unfashionable,especiallyinNewYork,wherethebail-outofthebankscoincidedwiththelossof

rtworldthat

fcontemporaryartfellby

two-thirds,andinthemostoverheatedsector—forChinesecontemporaryart—theyweredownby

nearly90%weekstheworld’stwobiggestauctionhouses,

Sotheby’sandChristie’s,hadtopayoutnearly$200minguaranteestoclientswhohadplaced

worksforsalewiththem.

ThecurrentdownturnintheartmarketistheworstsincetheJapanesestoppedbuying

Impressionistsattheendof1989,amovethatstartedthemostseriouscontractioninthemarket

2

meexpertsreckonthatpricesareabout40%downontheir

peakonaverage,ardDolman,Christie’schief

executive,says:“I’mprettyconfidentwe’reatthebottom.”

Whatmakesthisslumpdifferentfromthelast,hesays,isthattherearestillbuyersinthe

market,whereasintheearly1990s,wheninterestrateswerehigh,therewasnodemandeven

ie’srevenuesinthefirsthalfof2009werestill

everyonewhowasinterviewedforthisspecialreport

saidthatthebiggestproblematthemomentisnotalackofdemandbutalackofgoodworktosell.

ThethreeDs—death,debtanddivorce—onewho

doesnothavetoselliskeepingaway,waitingforconfidencetoreturn.

irstparagraph,DamienHirst'ssalewasreferredtoas“alastvictory”because____.

markethadwitnessedasuccessionofvictories

tioneerfinallygotthetwopiecesatthehighestbids

fulInsideMyHeadForeverwonoverallmasterpieces

uccessfullymadejustbeforetheworldfinancialcrisis

ng“spendingofanysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable”(Line1-2,Para.3)，theauthor

suggeststhat_____.

torswerenolongeractivelyinvolvedinart-marketauctions

stoppedeverykindofspendingandstayedawayfromgalleries

lectionasafashionhadlostitsappealtoagreatextent

fartingeneralhadgoneoutoffashionsotheywerenotworthbuying

fthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

fcontemporaryartfelldramaticallyfrom2007to2008.

marketsurpassedmanyotherindustriesinmomentum.

ketgenerallywentdownwardinvariousways.

tdealerswereawaitingbetterchancestocome.

eeDsmentionedinthelastparagraphare____

nhouses'favorites

porarytrends

spromotingartworkcirculation

representingimpressionists

tappropriatetitleforthistextcouldbe___

ationofArtPrices

-to-dateArtAuctions

ketinDecline

dInterestinArts

Text2

IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom—awomen'sgroupthat

houttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkative,

frequentlyofferingideasandanecdotes,whilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.

TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbands

don'uredtowardhiswifeandsaid,

"She'sthetalkerinourfamily."Theroomburstintolaughter;themanlookedpuzzledandhurt.

3

"It'strue,"heexplained."WhenIcomehomefromwork,idn'tkeep

theconversationgoing,we'dspendthewholeeveninginsilence."

ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomen

inpublicsituations,spatterniswreakinghavocwith

marriage.

Thepogist

CatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbook"DivorceTalk"thatmostofthewomenshe

interviewed—butonlyafewofthemen—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheir

hecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent，thatamountstomillionsofcasesin

theUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.

Inmyownresearchcomplaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednoton

tangibleinequitiessuchashavinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohis

ordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaning,cooking,social

dtheyfocusedoncommunication:"Hedoesn'tlistentome.""He

doesn'ttalktome."IfoundasHackerobservedyearsbeforethatmostwiveswanttheirhusbands

tobefirstandforemostconversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheir

wives.

Inshorttheimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofa

mansittingatthebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisface,whileawoman

glaresatthebackofit,wantingtotalk.

mostwives'mainexpectationoftheirhusbands?

gtothem.

ngthem.

tingtheircareers.

ghousework.

gfromthecontext,thephrase“wreakinghavoc”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans

___.

tingmotivation.

nginfluence

gdamage

ngpressure

hefollowingaretrueEXCEPT_______

dtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomen

50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation

ttachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples

etendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse

fthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?

aldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.

gebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.

dandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.

sationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.

ollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson

4

______

accountofthenewbookDivorceTalk

leddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon

ossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S.

introductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker

Text3

Overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors

—habits—abitshavehelpedcompaniesearnbillionsofdollarswhen

customerseatsnacks,applylotionsandwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponse

toacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.

“Therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,likedirtyhandsinsteadofasoaphabit,that

remainkillersonlybecausewecan’tfigureouthowtochangepeople’shabits,”said.

“Wewantedtolearnfromprivateindustryhowtocreatenewbehaviorsthathappen

automatically.”

turnedto—Procter&Gamble,Colgate-Palmoliveand

Unilever—hadinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdollarsfindingthesubtlecuesinconsumers’

livesthatcorporationscouldusetointroducenewroutines.

Ifyoulookhardenough,you’llfindthatmanyoftheproductsweuseeveryday—chewinggums,

skinmoisturizers,disinfectingwipes,airfresheners,waterpurifiers,healthsnacks,antiperspirants,

colognes,teethwhiteners,fabricsofteners,vitamins—areresultsofmanufacturedhabits.A

centuryago,,becauseof

cannyadvertisingandpublichealthcampaigns,manyAmericanshabituallygivetheirpearly

whitesacavity-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oftenwithColgate,Crestoroneoftheotherbrands.

Afewdecadesago,manypeopledidn’verage

companiesstartedbottlingtheproductionoffar-offsprings,andnowofficeworkersunthinkingly

ggum,onceboughtprimarilybyadolescentboys,isnow

featured

moisturizersareadvertisedaspartofmorningbeautyrituals,slippedinbetweenhairbrushingand

puttingonmakeup.

“Ourproductssucceedwhentheybecomepartofdailyorweeklypatterns,”saidCarol

Berning,aconsumerpsychologistwhorecentlyretiredfromProcter&Gamble,thecompanythat

sold$76billionofTide,Crestandotherproductslastyear.“Creatingpositivehabitsisahugepart

ofimprovingourconsumers’lives,andit’sessentialtomakingnewproductscommercially

viable.”

Throughexperimentsandobservation,ghavelearnedthat

thereispowerin

newscienceofhabithasemerged,controversieshaveeruptedwhenthetacticshavebeenusedto

sellquestionablebeautycreamsorunhealthyfoods.

,habitslikehandwashingwithsoap________.

[A]shouldbefurthercultivated

5