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THE GREAT APPENDIX【系辞上
】
SECTION I
Chapter I. 1. Heaven is lofty and honourable; earth is low. (Their
symbols), Khien and Khwăn, (with their respective meanings), were determined (in
accordance with this). 天尊地卑，乾坤定矣。
Things low and high appear displayed in a similar relation. The (upper and lower
trigrams, and the relative position of individual lines, as) noble and mean, had their
places assigned accordingly. 卑高以陈，贵贱位矣。
Movement and rest are the regular qualities (of their respective subjects). Hence
comes the definite distinction (of the several lines) as the strong and the weak. 动静
有常，刚柔断矣。
(Affairs) are arranged together according to their tendencies, and things are
divided according to their classes. Hence were produced (the interpretations in the Yî,
concerning) what is good [or lucky] and evil [or unlucky]. 方以类聚，物以群分，吉
凶生矣。
In the heavens there are the (different) figures there completed, and on the earth
there are the (different) bodies there formed. (Corresponding to them) were the
changes and transformations exhibited (in the Yî).在天成象，在地成形，变化见矣。
2. After this fashion a strong and a weak line were manipulated together (till
there were the eight trigrams), and those eight trigrams were added, each to itself and
to all the others, (till the sixty-four hexagrams were formed).
3. We have the exciting forces of thunder and lightning; the fertilising influences
of wind and rain; and the revolutions of the sun and moon, which give rise to cold and
warmth.
鼓之以雷霆，润之以风雨，日月运行，一寒一暑。
4. The attributes expressed by Khien constitute the male; those expressed by
Khwăn constitute the female.
乾道成男，坤道成女。
5. Khien (symbolises Heaven, which) directs the great beginnings of things;
Khwăn (symbolises Earth, which) gives to them their completion.
乾知大始，坤作成物。
6. It is by the ease with which it proceeds that Khien directs (as it does), and by
its unhesitating response that Khwăn exhibits such ability.
乾以易知，坤以简能。
7. (He who attains to this) ease (of Heaven) will be easily understood, and (he
who attains to this) freedom from laborious effort (of the Earth) will be easily
followed. He who is easily understood will have adherents, and he who is easily
followed will achieve success. He who has adherents can continue long, and he who
achieves success can become great. To be able to continue long shows the virtue of
the wise and able man; to be able to become great is the heritage he will acquire.
易
则易知，简则易从。易知则有亲，易从则有功。有亲则可久，有功则可大。可
久则贤人之德，可大则贤人之业。
8. With the attainment of such ease and such freedom from laborious effort, the
mastery is got of all principles under the sky. With the attainment of that mastery, (the
sage) makes good his position in the middle (between heaven and earth).
易简，而天
下之理得矣；天下之理得，而成位乎其中矣。
Chapter II. 9. The sages set forth the diagrams, inspected the emblems
contained in them, and appended their explanations;--in this way the good fortune and
bad (indicated by them) were made clear.
圣人设卦观象系辞焉，而明吉凶。
10. The strong and the weak (lines) displace each other, and produce the changes
and transformations (in the figures). 刚柔相推而生变化。
11. Therefore the good fortune and evil (mentioned in the explanations) are the
indications of the right and wrong (in men's conduct of affairs), and the repentance
and regret (similarly mentioned) are the indications of their sorrow and anxiety. 是
故，吉凶者，失得之象也。悔吝者，忧虞之象也。
12. The changes and transformations (of the lines) are the emblems of the
advance and retrogression (of the vital force in nature). Thus what we call the strong
and the weak (lines) become the emblems of day and night. The movements which
take place in the six places (of the hexagram) show the course of the three extremes (i.
e. of the three Powers in their perfect operation). 变化者，进退之象也。刚柔者，昼
夜之象也。六爻之动，三极之道也。
13. Therefore what the superior man rests in, in whatever position he is placed, is
the order shown in the Yî; and the study which gives him the greatest pleasure is that
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