ASTM D380-94(2006)橡胶软管的测试方法_图文

Designation:D380–94(Reapproved2006)

StandardTestMethodsfor

RubberHose

1

ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD380;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearof

originaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,rinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.A

superscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.

Thisethodshavebeenapprovedforuseby

agenciesoftheDepartmentofDefensetoreplaceMethods7431,7421,10011,10021,10211,10221,10311,10341,10351,and10361

ofFederalTestMethodStandardNo.601andforlistingintheDoDIndexofSpecificationsandStandards.

1.1Thesetestmethodscoverproceduresforinspectionand

testofalltypesandconstructionsofrubberhose.

2

1.2Incaseofconflictbetweenprovisionsofthesetest

methodsandthoseofdetailedspecificationsortestmethodsfor

aparticularhose,thelattershalltakeprecedence.

1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthe

uesgiveninparenthesesareforinformation

only.

1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthe

safetyconcerns,ifany,e

responsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-

priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-

bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.

ncedDocuments

2.1ASTMStandards:

3

D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermo-

plasticElastomers—Tension

D413TestMethodsforRubberProperty—Adhesionto

FlexibleSubstrate

D471TestMethodforRubberProperty—EffectofLiquids

D572TestMethodforRubber—DeteriorationbyHeatand

Oxygen

ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD11on

RubberandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD11.31onRubberHose

andBelting.

CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,ally

eviouseditionapprovedin2000asD380–94(2000).

2

Forspecificationscoveringhoseusedinautomotive,construction,andindus-

trialequipmentapplications,referenceshouldbemadetoSAEStandardsfor

CoolantSystemHoses(SAEJ20e),FuelandOilHoses(SAEJ30b),PowerSteering

PressureHose—HighVolumetricExpansion(SAEJ188),PowerSteeringReturn

Hose(SAE189),PowerSteeringPressureHose—LowVolumetricExpansion(SAE

J191),PowerSteeringPressureHose—WireBraid(SAEJ190),WindshieldWiper

Hose(SAEJ50a),EmissionControlHose(SAEJ1010),WindshieldWasherTubing

(SAEJ1037),TestsandProceduresforSAE100RSeriesHydraulicHoseandHose

Assemblies(SAEJ343c),andforTestsandProceduresforHigh-Temperature

TransmissionOilHose,LubricatingOilHose,andHoseAssemblies(SAEJ1019).

3

ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,,or

contactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@ualBookofASTM

Standardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageon

theASTMwebsite.

1

D573TestMethodforRubber—DeteriorationinanAir

Oven

D865TestMethodforRubber—DeteriorationbyHeating

inAir(TestTubeEnclosure)

D1149TestMethodforRubberDeterioration—Surface

OzoneCrackinginaChamber

D1415TestMethodforRubberProperty—International

Hardness

D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—Durometer

Hardness

D3183PracticeforRubber—PreparationofPiecesforTest

PurposesfromProducts

D3767PracticeforRubber—MeasurementofDimensions

D4483PracticeforEvaluatingPrecisionforTestMethod

StandardsintheRubberandCarbonBlackManufacturing

Industries

E4PracticesforForceVerificationofTestingMachines

lTestMethods

3.1Exceptasotherwisespecifiedinthesetestmethodsfor

rubberhose,thefollowingtestmethods,applicableingeneral

tovulcanizedrubber,shallbecompliedwithasrequiredand

areherebymadeapartofthesetestmethods:

3.1.1GeneralPhysicalTestRequirements—Practice

D3183.

3.1.2TensionTest—TestMethodsD412.

3.1.3AgingTest—TestMethodD572,TestMethodD573,

andTestMethodD865.

3.1.4AdhesionTest—TestMethodsD413.

3.1.5ImmersionTest—TestMethodD471.

3.1.6HardnessTest—TestMethodD2240.

3.1.7HardnessTest—TestMethodD1415.

ficanceandUse

4.1Thesetestmethodsprovideuniformmethodsforinspec-

tionandtestofrubberhosesthatcanbereferencedinhose

specificationsforvariousapplications.

4.2Uniformtestmethodsmakequalitycomparisonsofhose

easierandmoremeaningful,andaremoreeconomicalparticu-

larlywhenthesamerubbervulcanizatesareusedindifferent

types,constructions,orsizesofhose.

Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.

1

D380–94(2006)

ng

5.1Asampleofsufficientlengthforproperperformanceof

therequiredtestsshallbecutfromthehosewhenpossible

withoutimpairingitsuseandthepiecesofhosefromwhich

sampleshavethusbeencutshallbeacceptedbythepurchaser

asfulllength,providedthehosemeetsthespecifiedrequire-

gthofsamplesrequireddependsonthetests

lowingwillshowtheminimum

lengthrequiredforthevarioustests:

5.1.1ThicknessofTube,Cover,andRubberElements;

TensileStrengthandElongation(Original);Adhesion:

NominalBoreDiameter,

mm(in.)

below19(0.75)

19to31.5(0.75to1.25)

over31.5(1.25)

SampleLength,mm(in.)

900(36)

750(30)

600(24)

5.1.2VolumetricExpansion—Forallsizes450mm(18in.).

5.1.3StraightBurst—Forhosenominal76mm(3in.)and

smaller,450mm(18in.);forhoseover76mmininside

diameter600mm(24in.)butnotexceeding900mm(36in.).

Use900mmforallsizesofjacketedrubberlinedfirehose.

N

OTE

1—Volumetricsamplescanbeusedforbursttestswhenhoseis

nominal76mm(3in.)insidediameterandsmaller.

Inthecaseofwoven-jacketedrubber-linedhose,orhosewith

ahelicalwirereinforcement,determinethelengthundera

70-kPa(10-psi)internalpressure.

6.2OutsideDiameterandReinforcementDiameter—

Measurethecircumferencewithaflexibletapeanddetermine

pi(p)tapegraduatedto

etersof

25mm(1in.)orless,calipermeasurementsareacceptable

whenatleasttwomeasurementsaremadeapproximately90°

suringdevice

shallbecapableofmeasuringinincrementsof0.25mm(0.01

in.)metermeasurementsshallbemadeatleast

25mm(1in.)distancebackfromtheendsofthehose.

6.3InsideDiameter—Onhoseuptoandincludingnominal

insidediameterof75mm(3in.)suitableexpandingball

gauges,telescopinggauges,orcylindrical-pluggaugesshallbe

used.

6.3.1Themeasuringdevicesshallhavethefollowingmini-

mumprecision:

NominalBoreDiameter,

mm(in.)

25(1)orless

over25to50(1to2)

over50to75(2to3)

over75(3)

150(6)ormore

Pluggauges,

mm(in.)

0.25(0.01)

0.50(0.02)

0.75(0.03)

Calipers,

mm(in.)

Scales,

mm(in.)

5.1.4CurvedBurst—Forallborediametersofhose,900

mm(36in.).

5.1.5HoldTest—Forhose76mm(3in.)andsmaller,450

mm(18in.);forhoseover76mmininsidediameter,600mm

(24in.)butnotexceeding900mm.

5.1.6ImmersionTest—VolumeChangeandStrengthDete-

rioration:

NominalBoreDiameter,

mm(in.)

below19(0.75)

19to31.5(0.75to1.25)

over31.5(1.25)

SampleLength,mm(in.)

450(18)

300(12)

150(6)

0.25(0.01)

0.50(0.02)0.50(0.02)

5.1.7Low-TemperatureTest:

NominalBoreDiameter,

mm(in.)

below31.5(1.25)

31.5to50(1.25to2)

over50(2)

SampleLength,mm(in.)

500(20)

700(28)

1000(40)

5.2Wheretheconstructionofthehosedoesnotpermitthe

cuttingofsamplesasdescribedin5.1withoutimpairmentof

use,asinwireinsertedhose,dredgingsleeves,etc.,aseparate

lengthhavingthesamespecificationsshallbeprovided,either

asanadditionallengthorasaprolongationbuiltontothehose.

Wireshallbeomittedfromtheprolongationorsamplelength

unlessthedetailedphysicaltestsincluderequirementsthat

measuretheeffectofthewireormetalelementsinthe

onallengthtakenforpurposeoftestsshall

bepaidforbythepurchaser,providedtheyconformtothe

specifiedrequirements.

5.3Thesamplingofwoven-jacketedrubber-linedhoseshall

beinaccordancewithdetailedspecificationsforthismaterial.

ementofHose

6.1Length—Determinethelengthbymeansofasteeltape

lnotincludethelength

offittingsexceptwhenspecificallysorequestedandrecorded.

2

6.3.1.1Pluggatesshallhavethemaximumincrementsin

diameterasgivenaboveandaminimumsteplengthof9.5mm

(0.37in.).

6.3.1.2Ballgaugesandtelescopicgaugesshallbecapable

ofmeasuringincrementsof0.50mm(0.02in.)orless.

6.3.2Onhose150mm(6in.)orlargerinnominalinside

diameter,inadditiontoinsidecalipers,agraduatedsteelscale

150mm(6in.)orlargerthemeasuring

deviceshallbecapableofmeasuring0.50mm(0.02in.)or

eexceptionofcylindricalpluggauges,atleasttwo

measurementsshallbemadeapproximately90°apartandthese

ethathasavisualinside

diametervariationattheendofthehose,forexample,the

flaredorneckeddownendonwirebraidreinforcedhose,

measurementsshallbemadeatleast25mm(1in.)distance

backfromtheendofthehose.

6.4WallThickness—Determinethewallthicknessatleast

12mmfromtheendofthehosetoavoidfl

micrometerwitharoundedanvilincontactwiththeinsideof

tsurfaceoftheanvilshouldbeabout8mm

tfortheanvilshouldbesmallerindiameterthan

theanviltoavoidinwardflneededtobesurethat

theanvilandthefootaresquaretothesurfaceofthehose.

Sufficientforceshallbeappliedtoobtainfirmcontactwith,but

notindent,hosesurface.

6.4.1Theminimumwallthicknessshallbetheminimum

measurementobtainedfromaseriesofmeasurementstaken

aroundthecircumferenceofthehosebutconcentratedinthe

areavisuallysuspectedofbeingthin.

6.4.2Themaximumwallthicknessshallbethemaximum

measurementobtainedfromaseriesofmeasurementstaken

aroundthecircumferenceofthehosebutconcentratedinthe

areavisuallysuspectedofbeingthick.

D380–94(2006)

6.4.3Theaveragewallthicknessshallbetheaverageofat

leastfourmeasurementstakenequidistantaroundthecircum-

ferenceofthehose.

6.5WallConcentricity—Thedifferencebetweenthemini-

mumandmaximumwallthicknessdeterminedin

6.4.1and

6.4.2.

essofTube,CoverorOtherRubberElements

7.1Determinethethicknessofarubberelementfromany

typeofhoseinaccordancewithMethodAofPractice

D3767.

7.2Takethethicknessofarubberelementadjoininga

braid-orhelical-woundreinforcingmemberofanymaterialas

theaveragebetweentwomeasurementsofthickness,oneof

whichshallbeobtainedusingtheunbuffedspecimenandthe

otherusingaspecimenthatisbuffedjustsufficientlytoremove

thebraidorhelicalcorrugations.

7.3Takethethicknessofarubberelementadjoininga

seamlesswovenjacketofanymaterialonaspecimenthatis

buffedjustsufficientlytoremovethecorrugationscausedby

ackingisusedonarubberelement,

removethebackingbeforemeasuringthickness.

7.4Determinethethicknessofarubberelementadjoining

flexiblemetalconvolutedliningatthevalleysformedbythe

etheoppositesideofthe

rubberelement,adjacenttootherreinforcingmembers,for

thicknessmeasurementasspecifiedintheotherparagraphsof

thissection,dependingonthetypeofreinforcingmember.

7.5Determinethethicknessofarubberelementadjoining

reinforcingfabricwovenpriortoassemblyinthehoseona

specimenthatisunbuffed.

nditions

8.1Thetemperatureofthetestingroomshallbebetween21

and32°C(70and90°F).Thesamplestobetestedshallbekept

inthisroomforatleast30minprevioustothetimeoftesting.

Incaseofarbitrationatestatmosphereof5065%relative

humidityatatemperatureof2362°C(73.463.6°F)shallbe

used.

N

OTE

2—Thesespecialtestconditionsshallbeconfinedtotensionand

immersiontestingonly.

mtheseparationwithouttheuseof

asolvent,ifpracticable,andwithoutexcessivestretchingofthe

eseparationalittleatatimewhiletherubber

necessarytouse

asolventintheseparatingoperationusecommercialisooctane.

Ifisooctaneisused,placetherubbersoastopermitfree

evaporationofthesolventfromallpartsofitssurface,and

allowittorestatleast1hbeforebeingtested.

TENSILESTRENGTHANDELONGATIONOF

RUBBER

ure

11.1TestinaccordancewithTestMethods

specimenthicknessislessthan1.5mm(0.06in.)after

preparationagreatervariationintestvaluescanbeanticipated.

Attimesacceptabletestspecimenscannotbeobtainedortrue

suchcasessubstitutionofsheetmaterialinaccordancewiththe

sectiononpiecesfromPractice

D3183isrecommended.

ADHESIONTESTS

ecimens

12.1Fromwoven-jacketedrubber-linedhose,cutadhesion

testspecimensalltransverselyfromthesamplesinrings

50mm(2in.)entheseringsandlaythemout

flatsoastogiverectangularspecimensoflengthequaltothe

telycutoneachspeci-

menacentralstripoflining38mm(1.5in.)inwidth,thecut

extendingthroughtheliningbutnotentirelythroughthewoven

tethesestripsfromthejacketatoneendfora

distanceofabout38mm.

12.2Fromothertypesofhose,cuttheadhesiontestspeci-

menstransverselyfromthesamplesinrings25mm(1in.)in

6.5to100mm(0.25to4in.),inclusive,ininsidediametertest

thespecimensinringformandrefertothemas“ring

specimens.”Forhoseover100mmininsidediametercutthe

ringsthroughatthepointwheretheoutsideplyoffabricends,

andopenthemtoformstripsthatshallbereferredtoas“strip

specimens.”

12.3Cutadhesionspecimensfromhoselessthan6.5mmin

insidediameterlongitudinallyfromthehose(

Note3).Since

thewidthofthesespecimenswillbelessthan25mm(1in.),

determinetheadhesiononthecontactwidthofthetest

specimen.

N

OTE

3—Adhesiontestsonhosesmallerthan6.5mm(0.25in.)arenot

recommended,duetothesizeofthespecimenavailable.

ofTests

9.1Whentestvaluelimitsareestablished,testonespecimen

foreachphysicalcharacteristicrequiredinthedetailedspeci-

ficationsforaparticularhose,exceptintheimmersiontests

giveninSections

esultsdonotmeetthe

specifiedrequirements,preparetwoadditionalspecimensfrom

theresultsofeitherof

thesetestsbebelowthespecifiedrequirements,considerthe

sampletohavefailedtomeetthespecifications.

9.2Iftestvaluelimitsarenotestablished,testatleastthree

specimensandtakethemedian.

tionofRubberParts

10.1Cutasufficientlengthfromthehosesampletoprovide

longitudinaltensiontestspecimensfromhose76mm(3in.)

andunderinnominaldiameterandtransversetestspecimens

tetherubberpartstobetestedfromthe

3

12.4Inhoseconstructionshavingbraidedwirereinforcing

members,itisimpracticaltoprepareadhesiontestspecimens.

12.5Onhose19mm(0.75in.)to100mm(4in.),inclusive,

ininsidediameter,havingawovenwirefillerreinforcement,

preparespecimensfortheadhesiontestasfollows:Cutthe

hosetoformalongitudinalspecimen150mm(6in.)longand

50mm(2in.)nthespecimenthuspreparedand

drawtwoparallellines25mm(1in.)apartalongthetubeand

tefromthe

D380–94(2006)

jacketforashortdistancetheendsofthecentralportion

ineadhesioninaccordance

with

13.2forstripspecimens.

ure

13.1RingSpecimens—TestinaccordancewiththeStatic-

MassMethodorMachineMethodofTestMethodsD413.

13.2StripSpecimens—TestinaccordancewiththeStatic-

MassMethodorMachineMethodofTestMethodsD413.

13.3Forhosewithwovenwirereinforcementhavingan

insidediameterunder19mm(0.75in.),thehosemaybetested

forvalueoftubeadhesionbyuseoftheball-vacuummethodas

follows:Laysectionsofhoseinastraightlineonaninclined

teelball,3.18mm(0.125in.)lessindiameter

thanthenominalinsidediameterofthehose,throughthehose

whiletheinternalpressureis60610kPa()

belowtheexternalpressure.

13.4Report:

13.4.1Thereportshallincludethefollowing:

13.4.1.1ValueoftheadhesionsobtainedbytheStatic-Mass

Methodinaccordancewith

13.1and13.2asaveragemillime-

trespersecond(orinchesperminute)ofseparationundera

statedmassrequiredtoseparatespecimensatanaveragerateof

0.42mm/s(or1in./min),

13.4.1.2ValueoftheadhesionsobtainedbytheMachine

Method(seetheCalculationsectionofTestMethods

D413)in

accordancewith13.1and13.2,and

13.4.1.3Valueofadhesionobtainedinaccordancewith

13.3,asballpassingornotpassing.

13.5PrecisionandBias—Theprecisionandbiasofthe

Static-MassandMachineMethodsaregiveninTestMethods

ementismadeabouteithertheprecisionorbias

oftheballmethodformeasuringadhesionofhoseliningsince

theresultsmerelyindicatewhetherthereisconformancetothe

criteriaspecifiedintheprocedure.

PRESSURETESTS

fTests

14.1Hydrostatictestsofhoseconsistofsubjectingthe

specimentotheactionofinternalwaterpressureunder

specifiedconditionstodetermineeithertheburstingstrengthof

thehoseortheeffectoflowerhydrostaticpressuresin

lattercase,thetestmaybeusedasaninspectionprooftestwith

ngstrengthisdeterminedonshort

specimenscutfromthefullhoselengths,butintestsforservice

effectsandforproofinspection,thefulllengthsareusedas

cimensmaybetested,asrequired,in

straight,curved,orkinkedpositions,dependinguponthe

stresseswhicharedesiredtobeevaluated.

14.2Aerostaticpressuretestsofhoseconsistofsubjecting

thespecimentotheactionofinternalairornitrogengas

pressureunderspecifiedconditionstodeterminetheintegrity

lythe

hoseorhoseassemblyissubmergedunderwaterandaconstant

streamofbubblesisanindicationofleakage.

4

ationofPressure

15.1Applyhydrostaticpressurebymeansofahand-or

-

nectthehosetothewaterlineorpumpandfillwithwaterprior

toapplicationofpressure,allowingallairinthehosetoescape

important

asasafetymeasurebecauseexpansionofaircompressedinthe

hose,whensuddenlyreleasedbyburstingorotherfailure,

osethepetcockand

applythepressureatauniformrateofincreaseofapproxi-

mately7MPa(1000psi)/minexceptforhosewithbursting

strengthspecifiedabove14MPa(2000psi),inwhichcasethe

pressureshallbeappliedatarateof70MPa(10000psi)/min

ethe

pressurewithacalibratedgauge.

N

OTE

4—Thespecifiedrateof7MPa(1000psi)/minrequirestoomuch

timeforsmall-diameterhigh-strengthhose,suchashydraulicbrakehose,

wire-reinforcedgreasegunhose,3.2-mm(0.125-in.)hydraulic

brakehose,pressureincreasesatratesashighas280MPa(40000psi)/

minaresatisfactory.

15.2Applyaerostaticpressurebyconnectingthehoseor

hoseassemblytoasourceofairornitrogengaspressure.

Submergethehoseandcouplingsentirelyinwatersuchthat

thespecifiedinternalpressure,measuredwithacalibrated

gauge,andmaintainforthespecifi

evidenceofleakagefromthehoseorcouplingsshallbe

lappearanceofbubblesmaybeanindicationof

ethehoseafter2minto

ingthisa

steadystreamofbubblesfromanylocationshallbeconsidered

failuretomeetthetest.

ngTests

16.1StraightBurstingTest—Thespecimenforthehydro-

statictestforburstingstrengthshallbeatleast450mm(18in.)

inlengthforhose76mm(3in.)andsmallerininsidediameter,

andatleast600mm(24in.)r

orlongerlengthsmaybebursttestedwhencircumstances

dictate,forexample,whenaburstonamanufacturedpartis

specifissureshallberaisedasspecifiedinSection

15,untilfailure,andthepressureatwhichfailureoccursshall

beconsideredtheburstingstrengthofthehose.

16.2CurvedBurstingTest—Thecurvedburstingstrength

testforwovenrubber-linedfirehoseshallbemadeinaccor-

dancewith16.1,exceptthatthehoseshallbefirmlysecuredat

bothendstoasuitabletestframewhichiscurvedtoaradiusof

690mm(27in.).

16.3PrecisionandBias:

16.3.1Thisprecisionandbiassectionhasbeenpreparedin

oPracticeD4483for

terminologyandotherstatisticalcalculationdetails.

16.3.2Theprecisionresultsinthisprecisionandbias

sectiongiveanestimateoftheprecisionofthistestmethod

withtherubbermaterialsusedintheparticularinter-laboratory

cisionparametersshould

notbeusedforacceptance/rejectiontestingofanygroupof

materialswithoutdocumentationthattheyareapplicableto

D380–94(2006)

thoseparticularmaterialsandthespecifictestingprotocolsthat

includethistestmethod.

16.3.2.1AType1(inter-laboratory)precisionwasevaluated

peatabilityandreproducibilityareshort-term;

resultistheaveragevalueasspecifiedbythismethod,obtained

ontwodeterminationsormeasurementsofthepropertyor

parameterinquestion.

(1)Sevendifferenttypesofhosewereusedintheinter-

eretestedinvaryingnumbersof

laboratoriesasgivenin

Table1ontwodifferentdays.

(2)Theresultsoftheprecisioncalculationsforrepeatabil-

ityandreproducibilityaregiveninTable1inascendingorder

ofaveragehoseburstpressureexpressedinMPa.

(3)Theprecisionofthistestmethodmaybeexpressedin

theformatofthefollowingstatementswhichuseanappropri-

atevalueofr,R,(r),or(R),tobeusedindecisionsoftest

ropriatevalueisthatvalueofrorRassociated

withameanvalueintheprecisiontableclosesttothemain

levelunderconsiderationatanygiventime,foranygivenhose

inroutinetestingoperations.

(4)Repeatability—Therepeatability,r,ofthistestmethod

hasbeenestablishedastheappropriatevaluetabulatedinthe

gletestresults,obtainedundernormal

testmethodprocedures,thatdifferbymorethanthistabulated

r(foranygivenlevel)mustbeconsideredasderivedfrom

differentornon-identicalsamplepopulations.

(5)Reproducibility—Thereproducibility,R,ofthistest

methodhasbeenestablishedastheappropriatevaluetabulated

TABLE1PrecisionforHoseBurstStrength

A

Type

Hose

500

800

1600

2500

8000

14000

20000

Labora-

tories

B

13

14

13

10

9

11

10

Average

Burst

Pressure,

MPa

2.82

5.51

15.2

15.9

75.7

134.4

179.8

Average

Burst

Pressure,

psi

410

800

2210

2310

10980

19510

26100

Within

Laboratories

Sr

0.121

0.346

0.558

0.294

1.53

3.51

5.74

r

0.34

0.98

1.58

0.83

4.32

9.92

16.2

(r)

Between

Laboratories

SRR(R)

gletestresultsobtainedintwo

differentlaboratories,undernormaltestmethodprocedures,

thatdifferbymorethanthetabulatedR(foranygivenlevel)

mustbeconsideredtohavecomefromdifferentornon-

identicalsamplepopulations.

(6)Repeatabilityandreproducibilityexpressedasaper-

centageofthemeanlevel,(r)and(R),haveequivalent

(r)and(R)

statements,thedifferenceinthetwosingleresultsisexpressed

asapercentageoftherhythmicmeanofthetwotestresults.

16.3.3Bias—Intestmethodterminology,biasisthediffer-

encebetweenanaveragetestvalueandthereference(ortrue)

ncevaluesdonotexistforthistest

methodsincethevalue(ofthetestproperty)isexclusively

defi,therefore,cannotbedeter-

mined.

taticPressureTests

17.1Whentestsforelongation,contraction,twist,warp,

rise,andoutsidediametricalexpansionarerequired,thehose

shallbestretchedoutstraightforinspection,andapressureof

70kPa(10psi)ginalobservationsandmeasure-

ementsshallbe

ignatedtestpressureshall

beappliedattheratespecifiedinSection

15,withoutreleasing

theoriginalpressureof70kPa(10psi),andfinalmeasure-

tpressureshallbeappliedforaminimum

of15spriortotakingfinalmeasurements.

N

OTE

5—Theapplicationofapressureof70kPa(10psi)priortoinitial

measurementsistoassurethatthehoseisround,straight,andat

lowpressure

hose,suchasducting,thisinitialpressuremighthaveamajoreffectonthe

casesalowerinitialpressurewill

provideamorevalidevaluationoftheseattributes.

12.20.2290.6523.2

17.80.4551.2923.4

10.41.213.4222.5

5.210.8212.3214.6

5.712.677.5810.05

7.384.0811.548.59

9.0112.134.219.01

Between

Laboratories

(r)

12.2

17.8

10.4

5.2

5.7

7.4

9.0

SR

33

66

175

119

388

592

1755

R

94

187

496

337

1099

1675

4967

(R)

23.0

23.4

22.4

14.6

10.0

8.6

19.0

Hose

Pressure

500

800

1600

2500

8000

14000

20000

A

Labora-

tories

13

14

13

10

9

11

10

Within

Laboratory

Sr

17.6

50

81

42

222

508

832

r

50

142

229

120

627

1440

2356

Symbolsaredefinedasfollows:

Sr

r

(r)

SR

R

(R)

B

=

=

=

=

=

=

Withinlaboratorystandarddeviation.

Repeatability(inmeasurementunits).

Repeatability(inpercent).

Betweenlaboratorystandarddeviations.

Reproducibility(inmeasurementunits).

Reproducibility(inpercent).

Numberoflaboratoriesparticipatingintestingthistypeofhose.

17.1.1ElongationandContraction—Measurementsforthe

determinationofelongationandcontractionshallbebased:(1)

forhose,ondistancebetweenbenchmarksplacedonhose;(2)

forassemblies,on“freelength,”whichisthedistancebetween

ultsshallbereportedas

elongationifthefinallengthisgreaterthantheoriginallength

andascontractionifthefinallengthislessthantheoriginal

ultsshallbereportedtothenearest1%.

17.1.2Twist—Theamountoftwistmaybedeterminedby

noting,duringtheperiodthepressureisapplied,theturnsof

thefinorpencilmark

onthetopsurfaceofthehoseadjacenttotheclosedcoupling

untoftwistshallbe

reportedtothenearest45°.Thedirectionoftwistshallbe

reportedas“right”or“left,”a“right”twistbeingoneinthe

directionthatwouldtendtotightenthecouplings.

17.1.3Warp—Warpinginhosetestsisthedeviationfroma

straightlinedrawnfromfittingtofittinginaplaneparallelto

untofwarpingis

themaximumdeviationofanyportionofthehosefroma

straightlinedrawnfromcentertocenterofthefi

warpismeasuredasthedistancefromthislinetothecenter

ly

stretchedcordmaybeusedtoestablishthestraightlinefrom

5

D380–94(2006)

centertocenterofthefisshallbereportedtothe

nearest5mmor0.25in.

17.1.4Rise—Theamountthehoserisesfromthesurfaceof

thetesttableshallbeconsideredas“rise”andrecordedassuch.

Resultsshallbereportedtothenearest5mmor0.25in.

17.1.5OutsideDiameterExpansion—Changein

Circumference—Whilethehoseisunderthespecifiedoriginal

pressure,makethreecrayonorpencilmarksequallyspaced

ethecircumferenceateachofthese

marks,usingasuitabletape,andrecordtheaverageofthese

hespecifiedtestpressurehasbeenappliedforthe

requiredtime,againmakecircumferencemeasurementsatthe

samethreeplacesonthehoseandrecordtheaverageforthese

atetheexpansion,andreportresultsto

thenearest1%.

17.2Whentestsforelongationandcontractionarerequired

onwire-braidedreinforcedhose,suchhoseshallbetestedby

applyingapressureequivalenttothemaximumpressureto

whichthehoseistobeusedfor30s,atwhichtimethelength

dreadingbetween20and30safter

thepressurehasbeenreleasedtozeroshallthenbedesignated

astheoriginallengthandthechangeinlength(contractionor

elongation)calculatedasapercentageoftheoriginallength.

17.3ProofPressureTests(exceptforwoven-jacketedfire

hose)—Whenproofpressureteststodetermineleakageofhose

orcouplingsarerequired,theproofpressureshallbeappliedin

accordancewithSection15,of

pressureshallnotexceed50%ofthespecifiedminimum

burstingstrength.

17.4KinkTests—Whenkinktestsarerequired,eachlength

ofhoseselectedshallbefilledwithwaterwiththepetcock

cockshallthenbeclosed

andthehoseshallbekinked450mm(18in.)fromthecoupling

bytyingthecouplingbackagainstthehosesothattherewillbe

ssureshallthenberaisedasspecifiedin

Section

15,totherequiredpressureandimmediatelyreleased.

17.5HoldTest—Whenaholdtestisspecifiedinsteadofa

burstingtest,pressureshallbeappliedasspecifiedinSection

cimenshall

withstandthespecifiedpressurefora10-minperiodwithout

bursting,leaking,ensthat

havebeensubjectedtothistestshallnotbeconsideredfitfor

service.

17.6PrecisionandBias—Nostatementismadeabouteither

theprecisionorbiasoftheproofpressure,kink,andholdtests

sincetheresultsmerelyindicatewhetherthereisconformance

tothecriteriaspecifiebeing

collectedtodeterminetheprecisionandbiasoftheother

hydrostaticpressuretests.

tricExpansionTest

18.1Apparatus—Thetestapparatususedshallconsistes-

sentiallyofthefollowing:Asuitablesourcefortherequired

fluidpressures,pressuregauges,piping,valves,fittingsin

whichthehoseassemblymaybemountedinaverticalposition

forapplicationofpressureundercontrolledconditions,anda

graduatedburetformeasuringthevolumeofliquidcorre-

pipingandconnectionsshallbesmoothborewithoutrecesses

6

oroffsets,sothatallairmaybefreelyremovedfromthe

vesshallbeofsuch

designastoopenandclosewithminimumdisplacementof

aratusshallbecapableofapplyingthepressure

atarateofincreaseof36mPa/s[25000610000lbf/

(in

2

.·min)].AsuitableapparatusisshowninFig.1.

18.2CalibrationofApparatus—Theapparatusshallbe

testedpriortousetodetermineitscalibrationcorrectionfactor.

Forthispurpose,6.3-mm(0.25-in.)-diameterBundysteel

tubingoritsequivalentshallbeusedinplaceofthehose

ationcorrectionfactorsshallbeestablishedat

specifiedexpansionpressure,andtheseshallbesubtracted

fromtheexpansionreadingsobtainedonthetestspecimens.

Themaximumpermissiblecalibrationcorrectionfactorshall

be0.08cm

3

at10MPa(1500psi).

18.3Procedure—Carefullythreadthetestspecimeninto

positionontheapparatusinsuchawayastoprovidea

leak-proofseal,takingcaretoavoidtwistingandtomaintain

thehoseinaverticalpositionwithouttensionwhileunder

etank,C,Fig.1,withalcoholordistilledwater,

en

valveBandturncrankDtothelefttoallowthemaximum

amountofliquidtoflen

valvesE,F,andG,allowingtheliquidtorunfromtankC

throughburetKuntilnoairbubblesareseenintheburet.

Removalofairbubblesmaybefacilitatedbymovingthehose

osevalvesBandFandraisethe

pressureinthehosetoproofpressurefornotmorethan10s.

Afterinspectionforleaksattheconnections,completely

releasethepressureinthehosebyopeningvalveF,whichshall

adjusttheliquidlevelinburetKtozerobymeansofvalveG.

TurncrankDtotherightuntilgaugeAshowsthedesired

ispressureinthehosebyclosing

valveE,afterwhichtaketheexpansionimmediatelyby

openingvalveFandallowingtheliquidintheexpandedhose

astheliquidlevelhasbecome

constant,

operationshallberepeatedsothatthefinalreadingtakenon

ading,

dividedbythreeminusthecalibrationfactor,shallbeconsid-

eredasthefi

pressureinthehoseshouldinadvertentlyberaisedjustpriorto

theexpansionreadingtoavalueabovethatspecified,no

readingshallbetaken,butinstead,thepressureshallbe

completelyreleasedandtheprocedurerepeated.

18.4PrecisionandBias—Dataarebeingcollectedtodeter-

minetheprecisionandbiasofthevolumetricexpansiontest.

IMMERSIONTESTSFORCHANGEINVOLUME

ANDDETERIORATIONOFHOSEUSEDFOR

PETROLEUMPRODUCTS

fTests

19.1Immersiontestsforevaluatingthechangeinvolume

anddeterioratingeffectsofpetroleumproductsonrubberhose

consistofsubjectingsuitabletestspecimensfromtherubber

portionhavingknownphysicalpropertiestotheactionof

selectedtestliquidsbyimmersingthespecimenscompletelyin

D380–94(2006)

A—Pressuregaugeof10000-psicapacity.

B—ControlvalvefromtankC.

C—Pressure-mediumtank(ventedontop).

D—Screwoperatedmastercylinder.

E—Valvecontrollinglinefrommastercylinder

tohose.

F—Valveabovehose.

G—Valvecontrollingflowintoburet.

H—Hoseinslackposition.

J—Fluidlinevalve.

K—Buretgraduatedin0.1cm

3

.

FIG.1ApparatusforExpansionTest

theliquidundercontrolledconditionsfordefiniteperiods,after

whichthephysicalpropertiesareagaindeterminedandthe

esoftestarecovered,asfollows:

19.1.1ChangeinVolumeTest—Thistypeoftestinvolves

measurementofthechangeinvolumeoftherubbercausedby

theactionoftheliquid.

19.1.2StrengthDeteriorationTest—Thistestmeasures

changesinstrength.

19.2Inanyoftheimmersiontests,thechoiceoftestmethod

andtestliquiddependsuponthenatureoftheactualservice

andthepetroleumproductwhichisbeingused.

quids

20.1Considerthereferencefuelsandoilsdescribedinthe

StandardTestLiquidssectionofTestMethod

D471as

standardimmersiontestmediaforhose,andmakethechoice

appropriateforthetestfromthemunlessotherliquidsare

specifiase,reporttheliquidactually

usedwiththetestresults.

nditions

21.1Temperature—Unlessotherwisespecifiedintheappli-

cablespecifications,thetesttemperaturesshallbeselected

fromthefollowing,dependingupontheanticipatedservice

temperature:

7

Celsius

Temperature

21to32

7062

10062

12562

15062

Fahrenheit

Temperature

70to90

15863.6

1263.6

25763.6

30263.6

Generallywhenthetestliquidisafuel,forexample,the

temperatureduringtheimmersionperiodshallbe21to32°C

(70to90°F).Whenthetestliquidisanoil,anyoneofthethree

elevatedtemperaturesmaybeused.

21.2ImmersionPeriods—Immersionperiodsof226

iontestsshall

bemadeintheabsenceofdirectlight.

inVolumeTest

22.1TestSpecimens—Thetestspecimensshallberectan-

gularrubberblocks,50by25mm(2by1in.),havinga

thicknessnotover1.6mm(0.063in.).Theyshallbecutfrom

thehoseandbuffedonbothfacesonlytotheextentnecessary

toensuresmoothlybuffedfaces,exceptwhenthematerialis

toothick,inwhichcasethebuffingshallbesufficienttoreduce

thespecimensto1.6mm(0.063in.).Threespecimensshallbe

usedforeachtestandtheresultsaveraged.

22.2Procedure—TestinaccordancewiththeProcedurefor

ChangeinVolumesectionofTestMethod

D471.

D380–94(2006)

22.3Calculation—Calculatethepercentagechangeinvol-

umeinaccordancewiththeCalculationsectionofTestMethod

D471.

thDeteriorationTest

23.1TestSpecimens—Sixdumbbell-shapedtestspecimens,

preparedasdescribedinTestMethods

D412,exceptminimum

specimenthicknessof0.80mm(0.031in.),shallberequired.

Bothfacesofdumbbellshallbebuffed.

23.2Procedure—Testthreespecimensfortensilestrength

andelongationinaccordancewithTestMethodsD412,except

averagetheresultstogivethepropertiesoftherubberbefore

thePropertiesAfterEvaporationofTest

LiquidsectionofTestMethodD471forimmersionprocedure

sthedeterioration

shownbythedifferencebetweenthedeterminationsbeforeand

afterimmersionasapercentageoftheoriginalproperty.

23.3PrecisionandBias—Theprecisionandbiasofthetest

fordeteriorationonfluidimmersionaregiveninTestMethod

D471.

LOW-TEMPERATURETESTS

fTests

24.1Low-temperaturetestsaremadeoncompletesections

ofhoseasdescribedinSection

25,oronthetubeandcover,as

describedinSection26.

-TemperatureTestonCompleteHose

25.1Conditioning—Conditionthehosewhilelaidout

straightinacoldchamberatthespecifiedtemperaturefora

dchambershallbecapableof

maintainingwithinitauniformatmosphereofcold,dryairor

amixtureofairandcarbondioxideatspecifiedtemperature

(Note6)withinatoleranceof62°C(63.6°F).

N

OTE

6—Temperaturesof−40and−55°C(−40and−67°F)arecom-

monlyused.

25.2Procedure—Afterconditioningandwithoutremoval

fromthecoldchamber,bendthenosearoundamandrelhaving

adiameter103theoutsidediameterofthehose;itshallnot

mandrelsizeshallbeby25-mm(1-in.)103

thehoseoutsidediameterisnotaneven25mm(1in.),thenext

stshallbeapplicableto

hosehavingamaximumnominalinsidediameterof76mm(3

in.).

25.3Toaidindeterminingwhetherornotthehosehas

failedthebendtest,thehose,afterthetest,maybeplaced

underahydrostaticpressureequivalenttothehoseproof

pressure.

-TemperatureTestonTubeandCover

26.1Apparatus:

26.1.1ColdChamber—Thecoldchamberinwhichthetest

specimensareexposedtothelowtemperatureshallbeof

sufficientsizetocontaintheflexingfixturewhenloadedwith

specimens,andsoarrangedastopermittheoperationofthe

fixturetobendspecimenswithoutremovalfromthechamber.

Itshallbecapableofmaintainingwithinitauniformatmo-

sphereofcold,dryairoramixtureofairandcarbondioxide

atspecifiedtemperatures(

Note7)withinatoleranceof62°C

(63.6°F).

26.1.2FlexingFixture—Theflexingfixtureshallconsistof

twoparallelplateseachhavingawidthofatleast50mm

(2in.),sosupportedinguidesthattheymayberapidlymoved

fromaposition63.5mm(2.5in.)apartuntiltheyareseparated

byadistanceof25mm(1in.).Suitableclampingbarsor

devicesshallbeprovidedforholdingtheendsofthespecimens

foradistanceof6.3mm(0.25in.)atthecorrespondingedgeof

FIG.2FlexingFixtureforLow-TemperatureBrittlenessTest

8

D380–94(2006)

eachplatesothat,whenmounted,thespecimensformsimilar

factoryflexingfixtureis

shownin

Fig.2.

26.2TestSpecimens—Specimensofhosetubeandcover

shallbetakenfromhoseinaccordancewithSection

shallbebuffedtoamaximumthicknessof2.3mm(0.09in.),

thencuttoshape,usingdieCasspecifiedinTestMethods

ttwospecimensfromeachtubeandcovershall

betested.

26.3Procedure—Mountthetestspecimensinloopposition

betweentheplatesoftheflexingfixture,withtheenlargedends

spacedatleast3.2mm(0.125in.)apartandheldintheclamps

foradistanceof6.3mm(0.25in.).Withtheplatesintheopen

positionseparated63.5mm(2.5in.),placethefixturecontain-

ingthespecimensinthecoldchamberandexposeforthe

specifiedperiodtocold,dryairoramixtureofairandcarbon

dioxideatthespecifindardexposure

periodshallbe5h(

Note7).Attheterminationoftheexposure

periodandwhilestillinthecoldchamber,movetheplatesof

theflexingfixtureasrapidlyaspossiblefromthe63.5-mm

(2.5-in.)distanceofseparationtoapositionwheretheyare

25mm(1in.)aminethespecimensforfracture

orvisiblecracks.

N

OTE

7—Formerlytwoperiodswerespecified,96hfornaturalrubber

oundthat5h

isadequateforeitherclassofcompoundswithintheintentofthistest

method.

26.4Results—Whentwospecimensaretestedandneither

onefracturesnorshowscracksafterbeingtested,thecom-

poundshallbeconsideredashavingpassedthebrittlenesstest.

Ifbothspecimenscrack,thecompoundshallbeconsideredto

onespecimenfracturesorcracks,theresult

eitheroneofthesecracks,thecompoundshallthenbe

consideredtohavefailed.

26.5Report—Thereportshallincludethefollowing:

26.5.1Resultsofthetest,expressedas“passed”or“failed,”

26.5.2Temperatureofthecoldchamber,

26.5.3Durationoftheexposureperiod,

26.5.4Identificationofthematerialtested,includingde-

scriptionofanyspecialtreatmentpriortotest,and

26.5.5Dateofmanufactureofthematerial,ifknown,and

dateoftest.

AGINGTESTSOFRUBBER

fTests

27.1Air-HeatTest—Determinethechangeintensile

strengthandelongationofrubberpartsofhoseduetoagingat

atmosphericpressureandelevatedtemperatureasdescribedin

TestMethod

D573orTestMethodD865,asspecifiedinthe

detailspecifiotherwisespecifiedinthedetail

specification,agethespecimenatatemperatureof7062°C

(15863.6°F)or10062°C(21263.6°F)for16661h.

27.2OzoneTest—Determineifsurfacecracksappearafter

exposuretoozone.

27.2.1Apparatus:

27.2.1.1OzoneTestChamber,inaccordancewithTest

MethodD1149.

9

27.2.1.2JigorHolder,thatpermitselongationofspecimen.

27.2.1.3Mandrels.

27.2.1.4TieWire.

27.2.1.5PlugsorCaps.

27.2.1.6Anyapparatusplacedinthetestchambershallbe

non-ozoneabsorbantmaterial.

27.2.2Procedure:

27.2.2.1SpecimenPreparation—Forhose25mm(1in.)in

insidediameterorsmaller,bendaspecimenofhoseoffull

circumferencearoundthemandrelandtieendstogetherwhere

drelshallhaveadiametereight

cimen

lengthshallbeabout250mm(10in.)longerthanthemandrel

eendsofthehosewithplugsorcapsin

suchamannerthatthereinforcementandinnerlinerwillnotbe

llallowformoreuniformcontrolof

ozoneconcentrationinthetestchamber,sinceozonewillnot

eover25mm

ininsidediameter,transverselyremovea25-mmwidthofthe

ybufftheundersideofthespecimento

hespecimenin

ajigorholderandelongate12.5%.

27.2.2.2Conditioning—Thespecimenunderrelevantstress

shallbeconditioned48to72hinasubstantiallyozone-free

atmospheremaintainedatthestandardlaboratorytemperature.

27.2.2.3Exposure—Unlessotherwisespecified,thespeci-

menshallbeexposedto5065mPapartialpressureofozone

inthetestchamberat4062°C(10463.6°F)for70to72h.

27.2.2.4Examination—Afterexposureandpriortoremoval

ofspecimenfrommandrelorholder,examineforsurface

cracksunder23magnifieonmandrel,ignore

cimeninholder,

examinetheunbuffedsideandignoreareasadjacenttoclamp

points.

27.2.3Report—Thereportshallincludethefollowing:

27.2.3.1Ozoneconcentration,

27.2.3.2Exposuretime,

27.2.3.3Ambienttestchambertemperature,and

27.2.3.4Specimensurfacecondition(cracksornocracks).

27.3PrecisionandBias—Theprecisionandbiasoftheair

heattestaregiveninTestMethod

D573andTestMethod

ementismadeabouteithertheprecisionorbias

oftheozonetestsincetheresultsmerelyindicatewhetherthere

isconformancetothecriteriaspecifiedintheprocedure.

TENSIONTEST

yofTestMethod

28.1Thistensiontestconsistsofsubjectingthehoseassem-

blytoincreasingtensionloadinasuitabletestingmachineuntil

failureoccurs,eitherbyseparationofthespecimenfromthe

endfittingsorbyfailureofthehosestructure.

28.2Apparatus:

28.2.1TensionTestingMachine,conformingtotherequire-

mentsofPractices

E4,andprovidedwithanindicatingdevice

togivethetotalpullinnewtons(pounds)attheconclusionof

thetest.

D380–94(2006)

28.2.2HoseAssembly,attachedtothetestmachineby

suitablefixturessothatthehoseandfittingsshallhavea

straightcenterlinecorrespondingtothedirectionofthe

machinepull.

28.3Procedure—Applyasteadytensionloadataspeed

suchthatthemovingheadofthetestingmachinetravelsatthe

rateof2563mm(1.060.1in.)/the

totalloadatthetimeoffailureandnotethetypeoffailure.

28.4PrecisionandBias—Dataarebeingcollectedtodeter-

minetheprecisionandbiasofthetensiontest.

tion

29.1Makealltestsandinspectionattheplaceofmanufac-

turepriortoshipment,unlessotherwisespecifiu-

facturershallaffordthepurchaser,inspector,orrepresentative

ofthepurchaserreasonablefacilitiestotestandinspectthe

hosewithoutcharge.

29.2Thepurchasermaymakethetestsandinspectionto

governtheacceptanceorrejectionofthematerialinhisown

chtestsandinspectionatthe

expenseofthepurchasernotlaterthan60daysafterreceiptof

thematerial.

sandRejection

30.1Anymaterialthatfailsinoneormoretestsmaybe

thispurposeselecttwoadditionalsamplesfromthehose.

Failureofeitheroftheretestedsamplesshallbecauseforfinal

rejection.

30.2Rejectedmaterialshallbedisposedofasdirectedby

themanufacturerandathisexpense.

ds

31.1rubberhose

ASTMInternationaltakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofanypatentrightsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentioned

fthisstandardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrights,andtherisk

ofinfringementofsuchrights,areentirelytheirownresponsibility.

Thisstandardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteeandmustbereviewedeveryfiveyearsand

ifnotrevised,mmentsareinvitedeitherforrevisionofthisstandardorforadditionalstandards

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ThisstandardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,

dualreprints(singleormultiplecopies)ofthisstandardmaybeobtainedbycontactingASTMattheabove

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10