2021-2022学年河北省邯郸市十校高三(上)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)

2021-2022学年河北省邯郸市十校高三（上）期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

The Curb-cut Effect

（路缘坡效应） refers to the fact that supporting small groups of people

often ends up helping much larger ranges of society.

Curb cuts：Eassing the walking

In the 1940s,hundreds of thousands of World War

Ⅰ soldiers returned home with

ointed by the difficulties they faced,Jack Fisher of Kalamazoo,Michigan,as

one of them,asked his city government to build an experimental curb cut—a gentle slope that

brings the end of a sidewalk down to meet the level of the street—at the corners of several

blocks downtown.A few months later,Fisher reported that even residents without wheelchairs

were enjoying the impact of the little slopes.

Reading machines：Getting the message

In 1976，technologist Ray Kurzweil invented a machine for the blind and visually damaged to

change images into text that it then read speakers with those voices are now in

roughly one-quarter of US detecting street signs and house numbers,it is helping

build the maps that self—driving cars use to navigate the world.

Closed captions

（字幕）：Following the conversation

Sears launched the first TV with a built-in equipment that allowed deaf and hard-of-hearing

viewers to read along with their favorite programs in the 1990s,text became

increasingly common as DVDs and,later,streaming services added the ability to switch the

words on at will.A 2006 survey found that only around 20 percent of the people using captions

had hearing problems.

DeafSpace designs：Keeping things quiet

More than 150 designs of the DeafSpace Project came from architect Hansel aim

is to clear distracting noises,which can make it difficult for people to use their limited hearing

keeping conversations and other sound disturbances from walking and jumping

around the room,these ways also make it easier for all sorts of students and workers to focus.

第1页，共23页

1.

Who were the four inventions initially intended to serve ______

A.

The army.

C.

All human beings.

2.

What might be Jack Fisher？ ______

B.

Special groups.

D.

Professionals.

A.

A city designer.

C.

A disabled soldier.

B.

A city governor.

D.

An ordinary roadman.

3.

Whose invention helps people to concentrate？ ______

A.

Sears'.

C.

Ray Kurzweil's.

B.

Jack Fisher's.

D.

Hansel Bauman's.

B

The life of a premature

（早产的） baby born during the winter storm in Texas was saved

thanks to a team of medical professionals,including a doctor and two nurses who traveled from

east Austin to Marble Falls in an effort to save a newborn baby's life.

When Arias began experiencing pains,she and her parents headed to the closest hospital,Baylor

Scott & gave birth to her daughter,Zaylynn,who weighed just over one pound and

was in need of advanced special r,the hospital does not offer the specialized care

premature babies require.

"We had five or six people out at the nurses' station calling hospital networks all over the state

of Texas," said Meredith Schubert,the labor and delivery nurse on duty when Arias arrived.

"Nobody could answer our cry for help."

They finally reached Loyd through a patient,division neonatologist chief at Dell

Children's Medical Center in Austin, ，after already having worked a full

shift,Loyd packed his SUV with equipment and he and two NICU nurses set out for Marble

Falls,about 55 miles drive took Loyd and the nurses about two hours as they drove in

the night through ice and snow.

After safely arriving at the Marble Falls medical center around ，the Dell Children's crew

set up a temporary newborn er,the Dell Children's and Baylor Scott & White teams

worked around the clock to care for the mother and daughter.

Once the weather cleared enough to allow for a helicopter to safely land,Zaylynn was

transferred to Dell Children's,where there is a Level

Ⅳ newborn intensive care unit.

"It was incredible when the helicopter lifted were tears from all of us," said Schubert.

"It was a huge relief and sense of accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and

第2页，共23页

getting to the place that she needed to be."

Arias told KVUE that she was grateful to the doctors and nurses who worked together to save

her daughter.

4.

What did the newborn baby need badly？ ______

A.

Professional surgery.

C.

Immediate transfer.

B.

Special intensive nursing.

D.

Experienced doctors.

5.

Which word best describes Schubert's cry for help before reaching Loyd？ ______

A.

Timely.

B.

Hopeful.

C.

Desperate.

D.

Encouraging.

6.

What was the most touching part about Loyd ______

A.

He got on well with his workmates.

B.

He tried his best to maintain his honor.

C.

He had enough bravery to drive long hours.

D.

He drove to rescue at night in severe weather.

7.

What made the doctors and nurses feel a sense of relief？ ______

A.

The fine weather.

B.

The baby's improvement.

C.

The takeoff of the helicopter.

D.

The baby's arrival at its destination.

C

Restricting meals to early in the day did not affect weight among overweight adults with

prediabetes or diabetes

（糖尿病）according to the research presented at the American Heart

，Association's Scientific Sessions 2020.

"We have wondered for a long time if when one eats during the day affects the way the body

uses and stores energy," said study author Nisa ur,associate professor of medicine in

Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. "Most previous studies have not controlled the number

of calories,so it wasn't clear if people who ate earlier just ate fewer this study,the

only thing we changed was the time of eating in the day."

Maruthur and colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week participants

（90%） were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes,and average age of 59

-one of the adults followed a time-restricted eating pattern,limiting eating to

specific hours of the day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 remaining 20

participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window,consuming half of their daily calories

第3页，共23页

after 5 pm for the entire 12 participants consumed the same pre-prepared,healthy

meals provided for the and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the

study；then at 4 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks.

The analysis found that people in both groups lost weight and had decreased blood pressure

regardless of when they ate. "We thought that the time restricted group would lose more

weight," Maruthur said. "Yet that didn't did not see any difference in weight loss

for those who ate most of their calories earlier versus later in the did not see any effects

on blood pressure either."

The researchers are now collecting more detailed information on blood pressure recorded over

24 hours,and they will be compiling

（汇集） this information with the results of a study on the

effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar,insulin and other hormones and making

analyses on the findings. "Together,these findings will help us to more fully understand the

effects of time restricted eating on cardiometabolic

（心血管代谢） health," Maruthur said.

8.

What made this study different from earlier ones？ ______

A.

Participants' daily eating time.

B.

Participants' age.

C.

The number of participants.

D.

Research members.

9.

What is paragraph 3 mainly about ______

A.

Research result.

C.

Research purpose.

B.

Research procedure.

D.

Research institution.

10.

What can we learn from the study？ ______

A.

Blood pressure is connected with eating time.

B.

Taking in less calories earlier makes for weight loss.

C.

Absorbing calories earlier doesn't impact weight loss.

D.

Eating time determines your effect of losing weight.

11.

What may the researchers do next according to the last paragraph ______

A.

Stop research.

C.

Write essays.

B.

Announce findings.

D.

Analyze data.

D

Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which

chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy,in a breakthrough for

第4页，共23页

any battery-run devices and technologies relying on the fast and reliable supply of

electricity,including smart phones and tablets.

Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtin's School of Molecular and Life

Sciences said this easy,low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest

energy charge in a capacitor

（电容器），could be of great benefit to all scientists,engineers

and start-ups looking to solving the energy storage challenges of the future.

"All electronic devices require an energy a battery needs to be recharged over

time,a capacitor can be charged instantly because it stores energy by separating charged ions

（离子），found in ionic liquids," Ciampi said.

There are thousands of types of ionic liquids,a type of "liquid salt"，and until now,it was

difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a our team has done is

designing a quick and easy test,able to be performed in a basic lab,which can measure both the

ability to store charge when a solid electrode touches a given ionic liquid—a simple

capacitor—as well as the stability of the device when it's charged.

"The simplicity of this test means anyone can apply it without the need for expensive

this method,our research found that charging the device for 60 seconds

produced a full charge,which did not

‘leak'

（渗漏） and begin to for at least four days," Mr

Belotti said.

The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer

duration in the charged state and larger energy density.

12.

What can the new method be used to do in the future？ ______

A.

Help to choose smart phones.

B.

Find materials used as energy.

C.

Settle the problem of storing energy.

D.

Research energy sources of the future.

13.

What was the challenge in making a capacitor？ ______

A.

Choosing the best ionic liquid.

B.

Figuring out the storing ability.

C.

Devising a quick and easy test.

D.

Recharging a battery instantly.

14.

What does the underlined word "diminish" in paragraph 5 probably mean？ ______

A.

Charge.

B.

Decrease.

C.

Expand.

D.

Develop.

第5页，共23页

15.

What would be a suitable title for the text ______

A.

Selecting ionic liquid is important in capacitor

B.

Research has found a simple and affordable battery

C.

Types of ionic liquid best suited for use in capacitor

D.

An easy and cheap way to seek perfect ionic liquid for capacitor

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）

Four Ideas for Better Sleep

Most teens need 8 to 10 hours of sleep each many teens have trouble of

sleep can affect everything from our emotions to how well we focus on tasks like driving. (1)

And it may be linked to weight gain in some can we get the sleep we needHere

are some ideas：

Be active during the day.

You've probably noticed how much running around little kids do—and how soundly they sleep.

(2) Physical activity can decrease stress and help people feel more don't work out

too close to bedtime because exercise can wake you up before it slows you down.

Say good night to your telephone or TV.

(3) If you can't make your bedroom a tech-free area,at least shut everything down an hour or

more before lights g says, "Wake up,something's going on!" like the noise of a text

of a phone.

Keep a sleep routine

（规律）.

(4) Creating a set bedtime routine can improve this relaxation relax yourself every

night by reading,listening to music,spending time with a pet,writing in a journal,or doing

anything else that relaxes you.

(5)

Stress can cause sleeplessness,so the more you suffer from not sleeping,the greater the risk

you'll lie awake staring at the d of worrying that you won't sleep,remind yourself

that you "Tonight,I will sleep well" several times during the can also help to

practice breathing exercises before bed.

a good night's sleep.

may wake up in the middle of the night.

第6页，共23页

s recommend using the bedroom for sleep only.

more you try to fall asleep,the more difficultly you can.

from a kid and get at least 60 minutes of exercise a day.

to bed at the same time every night helps the body expect sleep.

can affect sports performance,and increase our chances of getting sick.

16.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

17.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

18.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

19.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

20.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

I never imagined my graduate school experience would be so heavily affected by a personal

the second year of my PhD program,COVID-19 caused the(21)chapter of my

university shut down,and I lost my older all,within two months,my life had

become(22) .

I felt that my world had(23).My friends and family suggested I take a leave of absence from my

PhD I thought I should(24)to my science program as h the process of

trial and error,I found side(25) unrelated to my scientific(26)gave me a sense of moving

forward.I sat down and(27) some essays.I took an online course that taught me how to learn

more(28) .In the beginning,it was difficult for me.

The effect of learning was very obvious(29) .I could not only finish the small projects,but also

finish my I thought about diving back into my study,I was once filled

with(30).However,the small projects made me(31)that fear and believe I was capable of setting

and achieving goals.

Nearly 4 months have passed since my brother died,and I am still(32) at certain reminders of

,with the help of my work,I am getting through the(33)of his passing and my other

第7页，共23页

losses.

During the crisis,it can be difficult to(34)what you think you need from what you actually

I've distinguished them personal crisis has taught me that goal setting and

task completion are forms of self-care.I'm (35) for the crisis because it has enabled me to have

a chance to find my own way forward.

21.

A.

funniest

22.

A.

awful

23.

A.

gone ahead

24.

A.

admit

25.

A.

projects

26.

A.

ability

27.

A.

abandoned

28.

A.

regularly

29.

A.

after all

30.

A.

confusion

31.

A.

express

32.

A.

peaceful

33.

A.

disease

34.

A.

tell

35.

A.

anxious

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

36.

Standing in the National Speed Skating Oval,China's former speed skating world

champion Wang Beixing had mixed was jealous of those young athletes

who had the chance (1)

（skate） on the new rink

（溜冰场）.And she felt very glad as

the testing program in the venue, (2) as the "Ice Ribbon"，was going as smoothly

（know）as the athletes skated on the gleaming ice.

Following the (3)

（success） testing program on snow in February,the "Experience

Beijing" ice sports testing series for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics,

(4)

（consist） of five Olympic events and two para events,got underway (5) April 1 and

10 in five different competition venues,including the National Speed Skating Oval (6) the

36-year-old Wang Beixing works as the stadium's sports director.

第8页，共23页

B.

luckiest

B.

public

B.

fallen apart

B.

object

B.

dishes

B.

strength

B.

wrote

B.

modestly

B.

all along

B.

panic

B.

form

B.

patient

B.

sorrow

B.

prevent

B.

regretful

C.

toughest

C.

secure

C.

taken off

C.

refer

C.

effects

C.

research

C.

selected

C.

curiously

C.

at first

C.

admiration

C.

expose

C.

heartsick

C.

violence

C.

draw

C.

grateful

D.

riskiest

D.

fortunate

D.

come up

D.

stick

D.

issues

D.

determination

D.

deleted

D.

effectively

D.

at once

D.

pleasure

D.

overcome

D.

mindless

D.

relief

D.

borrow

D.

famous

"The testing program in the

‘Ice Ribbon' had three (7) .First is the need

（priority）to make sure the ice will be (8) perfect quality during the Winter Olympics," Wang said,

"The second would be the competition facilities including the safety cushions,training

equipment and so on,which (9)

（be） mostly relevant to the athletes,and we want

feedback from them."

"Thirdly,we also need to drill on the operation teams," she said. " (10)

（certain），I feel

very glad because the competition went well and I am satisfied with the result of the

rehearsals."

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）

37.

假定你是李华，上周日你校举行了消防演练（a fire drill）活动。请你以"A Meaningful

Fire Drill"为题给校英文报写一篇报道。

内容包括：

1.参与人员；

2.活动的过程；

3.活动的意义。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A Meaningful Fire Drill

______________

第9页，共23页

38.

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I took a trip to visit New York with my dad after graduating from high of the

places on his list for us to visit was a "rare violin shop" since I played the violin all four

years and participated in the honor orchestra as made our way down the crowded

streets and eventually stopped in front of a tall building

This building was not what I pictured when I heard "rare violin shop".I'd been imagining a

street-level shop,open to the public,with some interesting and old violins on

display,maybe with a luthier

（拨弦乐器制作匠） in the we walked inside,took

the elevator to the sixth floor,and stood in front of what appeared to be a private condo

（公寓的套房），I knew something felt off.I voiced my concern to my dad as he rang the

doorbell but was dad had never been great at interpreting

（解读） social

standards.

We were greeted by a receptionist who asked if we had an appointment,since they were by

appointment only.I wanted the ground to swallow me whole and I was instantly aware of

the sweaty,summer tourist clothes we had dad eagerly told them that no,we didn't

but, "my daughter plays the violin with her high school orchestra and isn't that great？And

we would love to just go inside and browse!Don't mind us!"

The receptionist gave him a strange look but took it in stride

（泰然处之） and excused

herself to talk to someone behind a came back with the owner,a well-dressed

man,who told us that since he had no other appointments right now,he would love to give

us a tour!

The starting price for a violin here,we found out,was 10 showed us around a very

private-feeling and swanky

（时髦且豪华的）-looking condo,pointed out a room where

he casually mentioned he would chat with Joshua Bell when he came by,and opened the

most interesting two-person safe I've ever seen to show me several multi-million-dollar

violins.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

He asked me questions about my orchestra and what pieces I liked to play as well.______

I don't remember his name at this point,but I am very grateful to him.______

第10页，共23页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、D

【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据Curb cuts：Easing the walking段落下"In the

1940s,hundreds of thousands of World War

Ⅱ soldiers returned home with

ointed by the difficulties they faced,Jack Fisher of Kalamazoo,Michigan,as

one of them,asked his city government to build an experimental curb cut-a gentle slope that

brings the end of a sidewalk down to meet the level of the street-at the corners of several blocks

downtown.（20世纪40年代，数十万二战士兵带着伤残返乡。密歇根州卡拉马祖市的Jack Fisher,就是其中一员，对他们所面临的困难感到失望，他要求市政府在市中心几个街区的拐角处建造试用性的路缘坡---一种使人行道末端向下延伸与街道水平面相接的缓坡）"可知，路缘坡的设计是为了方便行动不便的人；根据Reading machines：Getting

the message段落下"In 1976，technologist Ray Kurzweil invented a machine for the blind and

visually damaged to change images into text that it then read aloud.（1976年，技术专家Ray

Kurzweil为盲人和视力受损者发明了一种机器，将图像转换成文本，然后大声朗读）"可知，这种机器专为盲人和视力受损者而发明；根据Closed captions（字幕）：Following

the conversation段落下"Sears launched the first TV with a built-in equipment that allowed

deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers to read along with their favorite programs in 1980.（1980年，Sears推出了第一台内置设备的电视，使聋哑人和听力困难人群能够阅读他们喜爱的节"可知，Keeping things

目）这种电视是为有听力障碍的人设计的；根据DeafSpace designs：quiet段落下"One aim is to clear distracting noises,which can make it difficult for people to use

their limited hearing abilities.（一个目标是清除分散注意力的噪音，这些噪音会使听力受限的人们难以使用有限的听力）"可知，这是为听力受限的人们设计的。综上可知，这四项发明创造都是针对特殊人群的。故选B。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据Curb cuts：Easing the walking段落下"Jack Fisher of

Kalamazoo,Michigan,as one of them（密歇根州卡拉马祖市的Jack Fisher,就是其中一员）"，句中的them指代"World War

Ⅱ soldiers returned home with disabilities（二战的伤残士兵）"，由此可知Fisher是一名伤残士兵。故选C。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据DeafSpace designs：Keeping things quiet段落下"these ways also

make it easier for all sorts of students and workers to focus.（这些方法也使各种各样的学生和工作者更容易集中注意力）"可知，DeafSpace designs这项发明设计有助于集中注意第11页，共23页

力，由"More than 150 designs of the DeafSpace Project came from architect Hansel Bauman.（DeafSpace项目的150多个设计来自建筑师Hansel Bauman）"可知，这是由Hansel

Bauman发明设计的。故选D。

本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四种针对特殊人群的发明设计。

考查广告布告类阅读理解。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4~7.【答案】B、C、D、D

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"Arias gave birth to her daughter,Zaylynn,who weighed just over one pound and was in need

of advanced special care.（Arias生下了她的女儿Zaylynn,她体重刚刚超过一磅，需要高级特殊护理。）"可知，这个新生儿需要特殊的护理。故选B。

C.推理判断题。（2）根据第三段Schubert说的话"We had five or six people out at the nurses'

station calling hospital networks all over the state of Texas（我们有五六个人在护士站给德克萨斯州的所有医院打电话）"可知，当时他们急切的寻求外界的帮助。及时l有希望的；ate不顾一切的，aging令人鼓舞的，的；拼命的；振奋人心的。故选C。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句"The drive took Loyd and the nurses about two

hours as they drove in the night through ice and snow.

（Loyd和护士们在冰雪夜驱车行进了两个小时）"可知，在恶劣天气下，Loyd夜间开车去营救，这种行为很让人感动。故选D。

（4）D.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句"It was a huge relief and sense of

accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and getting to the place that she

needed to be.（Zaylynn表现得如此出色，去到了她需要去的地方，这让大家感到巨大的成就感和喜悦，如释重负）"可知，Zaylynn被转移到了目的地，这让大家松了一口气。故选D。

这是一篇新闻报道。讲述了一个早产儿被成功救治的故事。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题第12页，共23页

句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】A、B、C、D

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中In this study,the only thing we changed was the time of eating in the day.（在这项研究中，我们唯一改变的是一天中吃饭的时间。）可知，参与者每天的进食时间使得这项研究与之前的研究有所不同。故选A。

（2）B.段落大意题。根据第三段 Maruthur and colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week participants

（90%） were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes,and average age of 59 -one of the adults followed a time-restricted eating pattern,limiting eating to specific hours of the day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window,consuming half of their daily calories after 5

pm for the entire 12 participants consumed the same pre-prepared,healthy meals provided for the and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study；then at 4 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks.（ Maruthun和他的同事在一项为期12周的研究中第13页，共23页

跟踪了41名超重的成年人。大多数参与者（90%）是患有糖尿病前期或糖尿病的非裔美国女性，平均年龄为 59岁。21名成年人遵循时间限制饮食模式，限制在一天的特定时间内进食，在下午1点前摄入80%的卡路里。剩下的20名参与者在12小时的时间段内照常进食，在12周的时间里，下午5点后摄入的热量占每日摄入热量的一半。所有的参与者都食用为研究提供的相同的预先准备好的健康食物。在研究开始时测量体重和8周和12周测量体重和血压。血压，然后在4周、）可知，第三段主要讲的是研究过程。故选B。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段中 "We thought that the time restricted group would lose more weight," Maruthur said. "Yet that didn't did not see any difference in weight loss for those who ate most of their

calories earlier versus later in the did not see any effects on blood pressure either.""我们认为有时间限制的那组人会减掉更多的体重。（Maruthur说：然而这并没有发生。我们没有看到那些在一天的早些时候和晚些时候摄入大部分卡路里的人在减肥方面有任何区别。我们也没有看到对血压有任何影响。"）可推知，早吸收卡路里不会影响减肥。故选C。

（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The researchers are now collecting more detailed information on blood pressure recorded over 24 hours,and they will be compiling

（汇集） this information with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar,insulin and other hormones and making analyses on the findings.（研究人员目前正在收集有关24小时内记录的血压的更详细信息，他们将把这些信息与一项关于限时进餐对血糖、胰岛素和其他激素影响的研究结果结合起来，并对研究结果进行分析。）可推知，研究人员下一步可能分析数据。故选D。

本文是一篇是说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，能量摄入时间的早晚对减肥没有什么影响。文章介绍了研究过程以及研究的发现。

考查健康环保类阅读理解。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】C、A、B、D

第14页，共23页

C.细节理解题。【解析】（1）根据文章第一段"Curtin University research has found a simple

and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store

and supply energy（科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合储存和供应能源

）"可知，这种新方法可以解决能源储存问题。故选C项。

（2）A.细节理解题。根据文章第三段"There are thousands of types of ionic liquids,a type of

"liquid salt"，and until now,it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a

capacitor.（离子液体有数千种，也就是"液体盐"的一种，直到现在，人们还很难知道哪种离子液体最适合用于电容器）"可知，制造电容器的挑战是选择最好的离子液体。故选A项。

（3）B.词义猜测题。根据前文"researchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds

produced a full charge,which did not

‘leak'

（研究人员发现，给手机充电60秒就能充满电，而且不会漏电）"和下文"for at least four days"可知，充满电以后电量至少持续四天才开始"减少"。负责；se减少；扩大；p发展。故选B项。

（4）D.标题归纳题。根据文章第一段"Curtin University research has found a simple and

affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and

supply energy（科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合储存和供应能源） "根据第二段"Lead author Associate Professor

Simone Ciampi from Curtin's School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy,low-cost

method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor

（电容器）.

（该报告的主要作者、柯廷分子和生命科学学院的副教授Simone Ciampi说，这种简单、低成本的方法可以确定如何在电容器中产生并保持最高能量电荷）"最后一段"The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer

duration in the charged state and larger energy density.（下一步是利用这种新的筛选方法来寻找带电状态持续时间更长、能量密度更大的离子液体）"可知，全文是围绕寻找一种简单经济的方法来展开文章内容的，所以用"一种简单而廉价的方法，寻求完美的离子液体电容器"来作为文章标题是比较合适的。故选D项。

这是一篇说明文。科廷大学（Curtin University）的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合用于储存和供应能源。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考第15页，共23页

生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】G、E、C、F、A

G.联系上文题。【解析】（1）根据上文"Lack of seep can afeet everything from our emotions

to how well we focus on tasks like driving.（缺乏睡眠会影响我们的一切，从我们的情绪到我们如何专注于驾驶等任务。）"讲述缺乏睡眠会给我们带来不好的影响，因此G项"它会影响运动表现，并增加我们生病的机会。"描述了缺少睡眠带来的影响，与上文是并列关系。进一步解释缺少睡眠的坏处，故选G。

（2）E.逻辑推理题。根据上文"You've probably noticed how much running around ltte kids

do-and how soundly they sep（你可能已经注意到小孩子们经常跑来跑去，而且他们睡得很香。）"讲述奔跑的小孩子他们睡觉很香，因此推断建议我们要多像小孩子学习，多锻炼，E项中的"kid"与上文的"kids"一致，因此推断E项"向孩子学习，每天至少锻炼60分钟。"符合语境。故选E。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据下文"If you can't make your bedroom a tech-free area,at least shut

everything down an hour or more before lights out（如果你不能让你的卧室成为一个无科第16页，共23页

技的区域，至少在熄灯前一个小时或更长时间关闭所有的东西。）"讲述在卧室里不要使用科技产品，至少在熄灯之前一个小时关掉，因此C项"专家建议卧室仅用来睡眠"符合语境，与上文话题一致，不要在卧室里使用电子科技设备。故选C。

（4）F.逻辑推理题。根据标题Keep a sleep routine

（规律）可知，本段建议养成好的睡眠习惯。下文"Creating a set bedtime routine can improve this relaxation efect.（创建一个固定的就寝程序可以改善这种放松效果）"

说明要制定固定的就寝程序，F项中的"at the

same time every night"与之呼应，因此F项"每天晚上在同一时间上床有助于身体期待睡眠。"符合上下文语境。故选F。

（5）A.标题归纳题。空格处为段落标题。根据后文"Instead of worrying that you won't

sleep,remind yourself that you , "Tonight,I will seep well" several times during the

can also help to practice breathing exrcises before bed.（与其担心自己睡不着，不如提醒自己你可以。白天说几次"今晚，我会睡得好"。在睡前做呼吸练习也可以是有帮助的）"说明本段建议不要担心你不会入睡，要期待一个好的睡眠，时刻提醒自己你可以有好的睡眠，因此推断A项"期待睡个好觉"为最佳标题。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。缺少睡眠会影响我们的情绪，不能专注于各项任务。但是许多青少年有睡眠问题，对此，作者提了一些好的建议：合理安排锻炼时间、睡前至少一小时前关闭电子设备、养成睡眠习惯等等。

关于选句填空的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】C、A、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、B、D、C、B、A、C

【解析】（1）C．考查形容词及语境理解。st最有趣的；st最好运的；st最艰难的；st最有风险的。根据后文"My university shut down,and I lost

my older brother."可知，作者的大学关闭了，失去了自己的哥哥，所以作者经历了人生中最艰难的一段时光。故选C项。

（2）A．考查形容词及语境理解。糟糕的；公共的；安全的；第17页，共23页

ate幸运的。根据上文"My university shut down,and I lost my older brother."可知，作者的大学关闭了，失去了自己的哥哥，所以作者的生活变得很糟糕。故选A项。

（3）B．考查动词短语及语境理解。 ahead前进； apart崩溃； off起飞； up走近。根据上文"My university shut down,and I lost my older

all,within two months,my life had become ___（2）___ ."可知，作者的大学关闭了，失去了自己的哥哥，生活变得很糟糕，所以会觉得自己的整个世界崩溃了。故选B项。

（4）D．考查动词及语境理解。承认；反对；参考；粘贴。根据上文"My friends and family suggested I take a leave of absence from my PhD

program."可知，作者的朋友和家人建议作者请假，空处所在句中出现But,表示转折，表示作者认为自己应该坚持自己的课程，stick to表示"坚持"。故选D项。

（5）A．考查名词及语境理解。ts项目；菜肴；s效果；问题。根据后文"I could not only finish the small projects,but also finish my essays despite

some errors."可知，此处表示的是作者完成了与科研无关的小项目，即业余项目。故选A项。

（6）C．考查名词及语境理解。y能力；th力量；ch研究；ination决心。根据上文"But I thought I should ___（4）__ to my science program as

usual."可知，作者是在坚持科学课程的，推测此处表示的是科学研究。故选C项。

（7）B．考查动词及语境理解。ned放弃；d创作；ed选择；d删除。根据后文"some essays"可知，此处表示创作一些文章。故选B项。

（8）D．考查副词及语境理解。rly有规律地；ly谨慎地；sly好奇地；ively有效地。根据后文"I could not only finish the small projects,but also

finish my essays despite some errors."可知，作者可以有效地完成小项目和文章，推测，作者参加的课程是教授如何有效学习的。故选D项。

（9）A．考查介词短语及语境理解。 all竟然、毕竟； along一直； first首先； once立刻。根据后文"I could not only finish the small projects,but also finish my

essays despite some errors."可知，作者可以有效地完成小项目和文章，所以学习效果非常明显，作者感到惊讶。故选A项。

（10）B．考查名词及语境理解。ion困惑；恐慌；tion钦佩；re愉悦。根据后文"However,the small projects made me ___（11）___ that fear and

believe I was capable of setting and achieving goals."可知，作者克服了恐惧，相信自己有能力设定和完成目标，推测此处，作者回想研究时，曾经充满了恐慌。故选B项。

11）D．s表达；形成；暴露；me（考查动词及语境理解。第18页，共23页

克服。根据后文"believe I was capable of setting and achieving goals"可知，作者相信自己有能力设定并实现目标，所以空处表示作者克服了恐惧。故选D项。

（12）C．考查形容词及语境理解。ul平静的；t耐心的；ick心痛的；ss盲目的。根据语境，此处表示作者的哥哥已经去世快四个月了，但是回忆起他，作者还是会感到悲痛。故选C项。

B．e疾病；悲伤；ce暴力；（13）考查名词及语境理解。救济。根据上文"I am still ___（12）__ at certain reminders of him."可知，哥哥去世给作者带来了悲痛，此处表示作者正在熬过哥哥去世和其他损失带来的悲伤。故选B项。

（14）A．考查动词及语境理解。说明；t阻止；描绘；借。根据后文"But I've distinguished them well."可知，作者能够分清两者，所以此处表示很难说明白你认为需要什么和实际需要什么。故选A项。

（15）C．考查形容词及语境理解。s焦虑的；ful遗憾的；ul感著名的。激的；根据后文"because it has enabled me to have a chance to find my own

way forward."可知，这次危机使得作者可以有机会找到前进的路，所以作者对于这次危机是感激的。故选C项。

这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了度过个人危机，找到了一个安慰之源---工作。

做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】【小题1】to skate

【小题2】known

【小题3】successful

【小题4】consisting

【小题5】between

【小题6】where

【小题7】priorities

【小题8】of

【小题9】are

【小题10】Certainly

第19页，共23页

【解析】（1）to skate.考查不定式。句意：她嫉妒那些能有机会在新的溜冰场溜冰的年轻运动员们。has/havea chance to do sth译为：有机会做某事，不定式作后置定语。故填to skate。

（2）known.考查过去分词。句意：因为被称为"冰丝带"的测试项目进行得像运动员在闪闪发光的冰面上滑冰一样顺利，她感到非常高兴。分析句子可知，在as引导的原因状语从句当中，主语是the testing program,谓语是was going,所以此空处应用括号里单词的非谓语形式，be known as译为：作为......而出名，故填known。

（3）successful.考查形容词。句意：继今年2月成功完成雪地测试项目后，由5个奥运项目和2个残奥会项目组成的"体验北京"冰雪运动系列测试于4月1日至10日在5个不同的比赛场馆展开。包括国家速滑椭圆形体育场，36岁的王北星是该体育场的体育主管。该空处上文有定冠词the,用来修饰名词短语testing program,故所以此空处应用success的形容词形式作定语。故填successful。

（4）consisting.考查现在分词。句意：继今年2月成功完成雪地测试项目后，由5个奥运项目和2个残奥会项目组成的"体验北京"冰雪运动系列测试于4月1日至10日在5个不同的比赛场馆展开。包括国家速滑椭圆形体育场，36岁的王北星是该体育场的体育主管。consist of..译为：由.....组成。为动词短语，分析该句子可知其句子结构为主系表，系动词为got,consist of与其逻辑主语the successful testing program之间是主动的关系，应用现在分词。故填consisting。

（5）between.考查介词。句意：继今年2月成功完成雪地测试项目后，由5个奥运项目和2个残奥会项目组成的"体验北京"冰雪运动系列测试于4月1日至10日在5个不同的比赛场馆展开。包括国家速滑椭圆形体育场，36岁的王北星是该体育场的体育主管。译为：在.....和....之间。故填between。

（6）where.考查定语从句。句意：继今年2月成功完成雪地测试项目后，由5个奥运项目和2个残奥会项目组成的"体验北京"冰雪运动系列测试于4月1日至10日在5个不同36岁的王北星是该体育场的体育主管。的比赛场馆展开。包括国家速滑椭圆形体育场，此空处下文句子意义表达完整，先行词是the National Speed SkatingOval表示地点，所以需要填关系副词表示地点，故填where。

（7）priorities.考查名词。句意："冰丝带的测试项目有三个重点。该空处上文是three,括号所给的词priority是可数名词，所以应填可数名词的复数形式。故填priorities。

（8）of.考查介词。句意：我们需要确保冬奥会期间的冰质量完美。"be of +名词"表示第20页，共23页

所修饰词的某种特征。be of quality译为：有质量。而perfect也是来修饰quality的。故填of。

（9）are.考查主谓一致。句意：其次是比赛设施，包括安全垫、训练设备等，这些主要是与运动员有关的，我们希望从他们那里得到反馈。分析该句可知which引导非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，先行词是the competition facilities,故which的复数概念，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are。

（10）Certainly.考查副词。句意：当然，我感到很高兴，因为比赛进行得很顺利，我对排练的结果很满意。此空处下文句子意义表达完整，句子成分完整，所以应用副词修饰整个句子。故填Certainly。

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记述了中国前速滑世界冠军王北星担任国家速滑椭圆形体育场的体育主管，为确保冬奥会期间冰的质量完美做了一系列的工作。

此题要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。

37.【答案】A Meaningful Fire DrillOur school held a fire drill at 7：00 am last the teachers and students took part in the drill.（参与人员）When hearing the sound of alarm,all ran out as well-ordered as they could from the classroom.【高分句型一】When they ran,all of them bent and covered their noses and mouths with towels because of the three minutes,all ran to the playground,where the headmaster did a summary

for the drill.【高分句型二】（活动的过程）

The purpose of this fire drill was to train teachers and students to have the ability of self-protection and left a deep impression on me.（活动的意义）

【解析】高分句型一

When hearing the sound of alarm,all ran out as well-ordered as they could from the classroom.

分析：句子里，现在分词短语hearing the sound of alarm作时间状语。

翻译：当听到警报声时，所有人都井然有序地从教室里跑了出来。

高分句型二

Within three minutes,all ran to the playground,where the headmaster did a summary for the drill.

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分析：句子里，关系词where引导非限制性定语从句the headmaster did a summary for the drill。

翻译：不到三分钟，所有人都跑向操场，校长在操场上为演习做了总结。

写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。

He asked me questions about my orchestra and what pieces I liked to play as

【答案】 end of the tour,seeing my envious look at the instruments,the owner picked up a

lower-end,but still worth at least a million dollars' violin and asked me to have a try while he

held it.I very carefully played enjoyed my performance,he proudly

said, "Wonderful!You have such a great gift for it.I hope you can stick to your dream and

become a famous violinist in the future." I listened to his words with a smile,moving tears

rolling down my cheeks.

【高分句型一】Moments later,I left the shop without even remembering his name,but my

passion for the instrument was aroused. （琴行老板让

作者试着演奏了一把昂贵的小提琴，作者得到了来自琴行老板的称赞和肯定，作者感动）I don't remember his name at this point,but I am very grateful to him.I'm so glad that he ignored

my dad's bad manners and lack of social awareness and decided to take the time out of his

occupied day to show a non-customer without appointment around.

His warm behavior inspired me to continue loving and pursuing my instrument

【高分句型二】after high school!I still play the violin to this day,and I've picked up some other instruments

along the way,too.I will never forget the violin shop's owner.

（作者回忆起往事，感谢琴行老板当时对自己和父亲的礼遇，和他鼓励作者的行为，正是老板的热情行为激励作者毕业后继续热爱和追求自己的音乐道路）

【解析】本文为记叙文。讲述了作者和父亲一起冒然光顾一个高端的小提琴商铺受到接待人员礼遇的故事。

高分句型一：I listened to his words with a smile,moving tears rolling down my cheeks.

译文：我微笑着听着他的话，感动的泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。

分析：这句话使用独立主格结构作状语。

高分句型二：I'm so glad that he ignored my dad's bad manners and lack of social awareness

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and decided to take the time out of his occupied day to show a non-customer without

appointment around.

译文：我很高兴他忽视了我父亲的不礼貌和缺乏社交意识，决定从他忙碌的一天中抽出时间，带一个没有预约的非客户参观。

分析：这句话使用so+形容词+that引导结果状语从句。

考查读后续写。写作时要注意以下几点：

（1）品读原文。确定文章线索

每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。

（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求

一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。

（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路

根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。

（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句

在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。

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