admin 管理员组

文章数量: 1086019


2024年2月7日发(作者:prevails)

人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或表语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语,也可作表语使用。如:

We all like him.(we作主语,him作宾语)—Who is it?—It's I/me.(it作主语,I/me作表语)

当句中三种人称单数并列时一般顺序是you, he and I(即二、三、一);复数并列时顺序是we, you and they。

(2)it的用法

①代替前面提到过的事物。如:

This is a watch. It is new.

这是一块手表,它是新的。

②指时间、天气、距离等。如:

—How's the weather today?今天天气怎样?

—It's sunny.天气晴朗。

It's eight o'clock in the evening. 现在是晚上8点钟。

代替动词不定式作句中的形式主语或形式宾语,也可用于某些固定句式中。如:

____hard for me________the homework on time.

对我而言,按时完成作业有困难。

We think it helpful________a walk after supper.

我们认为晚饭后散步很有益。

________him three days to finish reading the book.

他花了三天时间读完了那本书。

形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,用于名词前作定语,相当于形容词的作用;名词性物主代词单独使用,相当于名词的作用。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如:

This is his computer. = This computer is his.

这是他的电脑。

人称

第一人称

第二人称

单数

______

yourself

herself

himself

______

复数

ourselves

______

第三人称 ______

2.用法

(1)反身代词在句子中用作宾语和表语(不能单独用作主语),和句子中的主语相呼应,表示主语动作的承受者或表现的特征是自己本身。如:

The girl is too young to look after ______.

这个女孩太小,不能照顾自己。(作宾语)

(2)反身代词作主语或宾语的同位语,起强调主语或宾语的作用。如:

I myself can do this work well.

我自己能做好这项工作。(作主语的同位语)

You can ask the teacher herself.

你可以问问老师本人。(作宾语的同位语)

固定搭配

leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下

______________ 随便吃/喝

by oneself 单独地

______________ 过得快乐;玩得开心

learn by oneself=teach oneself 自学

______________ 伤害某人自己

come to oneself 苏醒

say to oneself 心里想;自言自语

make oneself at home 别拘束

指示代词是表示指示概念的代词,可以在句子中作主语、表语、宾语和定语。指示代词有:

单数

this (这个)

that (那个)

复数

these (这些)

those (那些)

指近处

指远处

1.this/that可用于电话用语中,this代表自己,that则代表对方。如:

Hello! This is Jane.喂!我是简。 Is that Mike?你是迈克吗?

Who is that?你是谁?

2.it, one, that的用法区别

为了避免重复,可以用it, one, that代替上文出现的名词。注意以下几点:

(1)it用来指上文提及的同一个事物或前面提及的情况。it可代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。如: She enjoyed the story because it is very interesting.

她喜欢这个故事,因为很有趣。

The food is delicious. I like it very much.

这食物很可口,我很喜欢。

(2)one用以避免重复单数可数名词。它既可代替事物,泛指同类事物中的一个,也可以代替人,其复数形式为ones。

My sweater is very old. I'll buy a new one.

我的毛衣旧了,我要买件新的。

The green pencils are yours and the red ones are mine.

绿色铅笔是你的,红色铅笔是我的。

(3)that用来代替物,不能代替人,它既可以代替可数名词,也可以代替不可数名词,其复数形式为those。如:

The population of the city is much larger than that of the town.

这个城市的人口比那个镇的人口多很多。

The apples in the box are different from those on the table.

盒子里的苹果与桌上的苹果不同。

1.定义

不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词。多数可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。常见的不定代词有:some, any, no, none,

one, all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, many, much, (a)few, (a)little, a lot of,

lots of以及some, any, no, every与thing, body或one构成的复合不定代词。

2.常用的意义相近的不定代词之间的辨析

(1)few, a few, little与a little

用法 肯定意义 否定意义

修饰可数名词

(复数)

修饰不可数

名词

a few

(几个,一些)

a little

(一点)

few

(几乎没有)

little

(很少,不多)

He has ____________ friends,but he has ____________ good friends.他有一些朋友,但是他几乎没有好朋友。

There's still ____________ meat at home,but there's ____________ bread. 家里还有点肉,但是几乎没面包了。

(2)some与any

①二者均表示“一些”,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句。

②在疑问句中,表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时用some。如:

Would you like __________? 来点儿茶吗?

Will you please get ______________ for me? 请你帮我弄点儿水好吗?

(3)both, all, neither, either, any与none

使用范围

两者

三者或三者以上

both

all

都不

neither

none

之一

either

any

My parents are ________ teachers.我父母都是老师。

There are some trees on ________ side of the road. 马路两边都有树。

I like ________ of these two coats. 两件大衣我都不喜欢。

4)many, much与a lot of

三者都表示“许多”。其中many 和much 常用于否定句和疑问句中;肯定句中常用a lot

of 。many修饰可数名词复数;much修饰不可数名词;a lot of(=lots of)既可以修饰可数名词复数,又可以修饰不可数名词。

(5)each与every

两者都表示“每个,各个”,each强调每个人或事物的个别情况,即强调个体;every有“全体”的意思,即强调整体。如:

________ of them has a dictionary.他们每人有一本词典。

__________ minute is important to us.对我们来说每分钟都很重要。

6)another,(the)other与(the)others

other泛指“另外的”,不能单独使用,后接名词。

others等于“other+复数名词”,泛指“别的人或物”;the other(+单数可数名词)指“两者中的另一个”,常用于“one…the other…”结构。

the others等于“the other+复数名词”,表示“其余所有的人或物”。

another 泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一个”。如:

Do you have any other ideas? 你有别的想法吗?

I have two brothers.__________ is a doctor,__________ is a teacher. 我有两个兄弟。一个是医生,另一个是教师。

He is always ready to help __________. 他总是乐意帮助别人。

Five of them are in the about _________?他们中有五个人在教室里。其余的人呢?

Don't lose heart. Have __________ try. 别灰心,再试一次。

(7)复合不定代词

指代人的有: someone/somebody(某人), anyone/anybody(任何人), nobody(没人),

everyone/everybody(每个人)。

指代事物的有: something(某事,某物), anything(任何事), nothing(没什么),everything(每件事,一切)。请注意以下几点:

① 以some和any开头的复合不定代词的用法和some, any的用法一样。(some和any的用法见上文)

② 修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放在其后。如:

Is there ____________________ in today's newspaper?

今天的报纸有什么重要新闻吗?

③ 复合不定代词作主语视为单数。如:

Nobody __________ his name. 没有人知道他的名字。

疑问代词主要有who(谁), whom(谁), which(哪一个/哪一些),what(什么)和whose(谁的),用来构成特殊疑问句,放在句子开头。如:

______ do you want to know? 你想要知道什么?

______ shirt is this? 这是谁的衬衫?

用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Ms Li teaches ________ (we) math this term.

2.This isn't ________ (she) watch. She lost hers.

3.My schoolbag is the same as ________ (you).

4.They enjoyed ____________ (they) at the party.

5.________ (that) blue socks look very nice.

6.Everyone in our class ________ (study) hard every day.

7.He doesn't have ________ (something) to do.

8.________ (whom) spoke at the meeting?

9.Help ________ (yourself) to some beef, Jack.

10.Shall we wait for ________ (they) at the school gate?

11.________(we)teachers are very friendly to us.

12.Bob is a friend of ________ ( I ). We often help each other.

13.That's my father. ________ (him) is reading a

newspaper.

14.She cooked dinner by ________ (she).

15.My school is bigger than ________ (her).

16.I think the bike can't be ________ ( he).

17.Jane is sitting between Lily and ________ (my).

18.Their books are older than ________ (we).

19.Please take some cards to ________ (she).

20.Don't make ________ (his) feel sad.

21.________ (us) should be polite to the old.

22.My sister has a cat. ________ (it) name is Mimi.

23.The little boy can't dress ________ (him).

24.Does ________(somebody) have anything more to say?


本文标签: 代词 主语 名词 表示