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2024年5月19日发(作者:大学c语言实用教程潘旭华)
阅读理解题文同义转换词汇
距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、
学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情
绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,
希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!
养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前,要认真阅读题目
要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序
号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,
书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生
们不要加大练习量。在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心
去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易
的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提
高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
在阅读理解的某些细节题中,正确选项与原文的大意相同但表达方式不同,即进行了同义
转换。这也是高考阅读理解设题的常用手法之一!如2021年全国乙卷第32题,正确选项中用
concentrate代替了原文中的focus;2020年全国I卷第33题,正确选项中用lack替代了原文中
的be short of (缺乏)。对此,我们归纳了常见的150组同义表达,供考生复习参考。事实上,
同义结构放在一块记,有助于扩大词汇量;掌握这些同义表达,对口语、阅读和写作,以及解
答其他题,都是非常有益的。因此,此专题是考生拔尖的良师益友!大家万不可错过!
同一意思
充满
区分
亲自
只有
多种表达
be full of, be filled with, be flooded
with, be crowded with
distinguish/tell A from B
personally, in person
only, nobody/nothing but
打扰
描述
后来
cause trouble to, bother, disturb
describe, give a description of
afterwards, after that, later on
同一意思
少数
多种表达
a minority of, a small number of
出版
尤其
锻炼
谋生
代表
结合
前进
come out, be published
particularly, in particular
exercise, work out
make/earn a living
represent, stand for, (be) on behalf of
combine, mix sth up
advance, move forward
缺席
目前
宣布
重要
担心
提到
偶然地
be absent from, be not present at
nowadays, at present, at the present
time
announce/declare sth, make sth known
to the public
count, matter, be important, be of
importance, significant, vital, crucial
worry about, be concerned/anxious
about
mention, refer to, talk about/of
incidentally, accidentally, by chance/
accident/coincidence,
occasionally
casually,
舒适
十年
两周
二十
十二
成人
删除
下降,减少
移走
吸收
与……一致
把……分开
用……替换
回答
收割
抵制
comfortable, at ease
decade, ten years
fortnight, two weeks
score, twenty
dozen, twelve
adult, grown-up
delete, cut out
decline, come/go down, drop, fall,
decrease, reduce
remove, take away
absorb, take in
agree/be consistent/correspond with
break sth apart, split/divide/separate sth
replace…with, use…as an alternative
to…
answer, reply to
harvest, gather, get in
boycott, refuse to accept, resist, reject
展览着
勇敢(去做)
违法的
满足需要
离开,放弃
信任,信赖
农村/城市
劝某人做
劝某人不要做
on show/display/exhibition
be brave to, have courage to
illegal, not legal, against the law
cater to/meet/satisfy the need
abandon, go away from, leave , give up
trust, believe, have confidence/faith in
in the countryside/city, rural/urban
areas
advise sb to do, try to persuade sb to do
discourage sb from doing, persuade sb
not to do
cancel, call off
enter, come/go into
escape, run away
calculate, figure out
appear, come into being, come into
existence
besides, as well as, in addition to, apart
from
make a plan, work out a plan, draw up
a plan
取消
进入
逃跑
算出
开始存在
除……之外
制定计划
相对立
代替
背诵
害怕
退(学)
推迟
去拿来
相匹配
精力充沛
乱七八糟
气喘吁吁
做出决定
对……有害
相似,相像
低语,耳语
寻找,追求
茫然,困惑
取笑,逗弄
提高,改善
庆祝
长胖
熟悉
处理
到处
(使)加速
值得,应得
把某物分配给某人
contradict, be opposite to
replace, take the place of
recite, learn…by heart
fear, be afraid/scared of
quit, drop out of (school)
delay, postpone, put off
fetch, go and bring back
match, go with
energetic, full of energy
in a mess, in disorder
breathless, out of breath
determine, decide, make a decision
do harm to, be harmful to
resemble, be like, be similar to
whisper, speak in a low voice
seek, look/search/hunt for
at a loss, puzzled/confused
tease, make fun of, laugh at, amuse
improve, make/become better
celebrate, hold a celebration
put on / gain weight, grow fat
know…well, be familiar with
handle, settle, deal with, cope with
everywhere, here and there
accelerate, speed up, quicken
deserve sth, be worthy of sth, be worth
doing sth
allocate sth to sb, divide sth among sb
与……不同
防止疾病
用完某物
方式,方法
情况良好
置若罔闻
高兴起来
全世界
重力
怒视
平静的
抽象的
积极的
残酷地
复杂的
人造的
故意地
再一次
独自地
有危险
占比例
青少年
看医生
更喜欢
使生气
报道此事
很多,很
differ from, be different from, vary
from…to…
protect…from sickness, avoid/prevent
sickness
run out of sth, lack sth, sth run out, sth
be used up
way, solution, approach, method,
means
in a good condition, in a good
state/situation
turn a deaf ear to, refuse to listen to
cheer up, become happy
all over/around the world,
internationally, worldwide, globally
gravity, the pull of the earth
glare at, look at sth angrily
clam, not excited
abstract, not specific
active, not passive
cruelly, with mercy
complicated, not simple, complex
artificial, man-made
deliberately, on purpose, purposely
again, once more, once again, over and
over again
alone, by oneself
in danger, at risk
account for, make up
adolescent, teenager
go to see / consult a doctor
prefer sth, like sth better
annoy sb, make sb angry
cover/report the event
a lot (of), a great deal (of)
保证,确保
一年一次的
可进入/接近的
ensure, guarantee, make sure/certain
annual, yearly, every year
be accessible, be easy to enter/reach/use
enable sb to do, make sb able to do
do A rather than do B, do A instead of
(doing) B
go abroad, go to a foreign country
accuse sb of sth, charge sb with sth
manage to do sth, succeed in doing sth
burst into laughter, burst out laughing
ignore, overlook, pay no attention to
starve, go hungry, die from hunger
act as, serve as
model, example
accomplish, get through, succeed in,
complete, achieve
be against, oppose, object to, disagree
with, disapprove of
think/believe that, hold the view that,
argue/claim that
old people, the old, senior citizens, the
aged, the elderly
影响交通
澄清,阐明
可得到的
吸引某人
无论如何
在……后面
无论什么
使某人高兴
雇用某人
受欢迎的
得出结论
弄明白
试验
想法,设想
做报告
辍学,退学
聪明的
hold up / block the traffic
clarify, make sth clear
be available, be easily got
interest/attract/draw sb, appeal to sb,
catch sb’s eye/attention
anyhow, anyway, in any way
behind, at the back of
whatever, no matter what
cheer sb up, make sb happy
employ/hire sb, take sb on
be popular, be well received
conclude, draw a conclusion
figure out, find out
try out, test
theory, idea
give a presentation/talk/speech
drop out of school, leave school
clever, bright, wise, smart
使能做某事
宁做A不做B
出国
控告某人犯有
成功做某事
突然笑起来
不理,忽视
挨饿,饿死
充当;起……作用
榜样
完成,实现
反对
认为
老年人
旨在做
优于,胜过
对某人生气
有机会使用/做
对……全然不知
aim/be aimed at doing, be designed/intended to do, be meant to do sth
have the advantage over, have the edge over, be better than
get angry with sb, get cross with sb, be annoyed with sb
have access to sth, have the chance of doing sth
be in the dark about, know nothing about
tell sb sth, inform sb of sth, keep sb informed of sth
apply/bend/commit/devote oneself to, be bent/committed/devoted to
on doing, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, as soon
as, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when
告诉某人某事
致力于
一……就……
高考质量提升是一项系统工程,涉及到多个方面、各个维度,关键是要抓住重点、以点带
面、全面突破,收到事半功倍的效果。
一、备考策略务必精准
高三备考的不同阶段,目标和任务各不相同,就像打仗一样,攻克不同的山头有不同的打
法,只有抓住要领,才能打赢主动仗。一是细化“作战地图”。从现在到一模考试前,主要任
务是过课本、串教材,把基础知识再夯实,为专题复习奠定坚实基础。各学科组教师要认真学
习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题,把高考考点和试题变化
点做成“作战地图”,平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题,并在“作战地图”上一
一标注,确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。二是组织集体攻坚。发挥学科组集体备考的
优势,学科组内任务分解、责任到人,每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。学科组坚持“一
课一研”、“一考一研”,新老教师步调一致,节奏有序,充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。
三是找准学科增分点。认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据,细化到每一个知识点的
得失分情况,找准突破点和增分点,有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。英语的阅读理解和小作
文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等,都要制定详细的训练方案
和突破的方法策略,在实践中调整提升,打破制约瓶颈,找到质量提升的突破口。
二、课堂教学务必高效。课堂是教育教学是主阵地。高三年级教学时间紧,教学任务重,
更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。一是上好微专题课。春节前后,一轮复习进入后期,学生
不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好,将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。
高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题,上好微专题或微微专题课,针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲
透,触类旁通。微专题课怎么上?可以针对学生不会的问题,每节课重点解决1-2个知识点,
专题强调,专点训练,不贪多,顺一个点“追祖宗八代”,剖析透!微微专题,则更精、更准、
更小、更有效,可以一节课只讲一道题,但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透,讲透一个会一类,做
会一题能举一反三。二是上好试卷讲评课。试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型,必须切实收到实效。
首先,要精确掌握考情。考试不过夜,打铁要趁热,每次考试以后,要对班级考试情况了如指
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