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2024年5月19日发(作者:大学c语言实用教程潘旭华)

阅读理解题文同义转换词汇

距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、

学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情

绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,

希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!

养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前,要认真阅读题目

要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序

号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,

书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生

们不要加大练习量。在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心

去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易

的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提

高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

在阅读理解的某些细节题中,正确选项与原文的大意相同但表达方式不同,即进行了同义

转换。这也是高考阅读理解设题的常用手法之一!如2021年全国乙卷第32题,正确选项中用

concentrate代替了原文中的focus;2020年全国I卷第33题,正确选项中用lack替代了原文中

的be short of (缺乏)。对此,我们归纳了常见的150组同义表达,供考生复习参考。事实上,

同义结构放在一块记,有助于扩大词汇量;掌握这些同义表达,对口语、阅读和写作,以及解

答其他题,都是非常有益的。因此,此专题是考生拔尖的良师益友!大家万不可错过!

同一意思

充满

区分

亲自

只有

多种表达

be full of, be filled with, be flooded

with, be crowded with

distinguish/tell A from B

personally, in person

only, nobody/nothing but

打扰

描述

后来

cause trouble to, bother, disturb

describe, give a description of

afterwards, after that, later on

同一意思

少数

多种表达

a minority of, a small number of

出版

尤其

锻炼

谋生

代表

结合

前进

come out, be published

particularly, in particular

exercise, work out

make/earn a living

represent, stand for, (be) on behalf of

combine, mix sth up

advance, move forward

缺席

目前

宣布

重要

担心

提到

偶然地

be absent from, be not present at

nowadays, at present, at the present

time

announce/declare sth, make sth known

to the public

count, matter, be important, be of

importance, significant, vital, crucial

worry about, be concerned/anxious

about

mention, refer to, talk about/of

incidentally, accidentally, by chance/

accident/coincidence,

occasionally

casually,

舒适

十年

两周

二十

十二

成人

删除

下降,减少

移走

吸收

与……一致

把……分开

用……替换

回答

收割

抵制

comfortable, at ease

decade, ten years

fortnight, two weeks

score, twenty

dozen, twelve

adult, grown-up

delete, cut out

decline, come/go down, drop, fall,

decrease, reduce

remove, take away

absorb, take in

agree/be consistent/correspond with

break sth apart, split/divide/separate sth

replace…with, use…as an alternative

to…

answer, reply to

harvest, gather, get in

boycott, refuse to accept, resist, reject

展览着

勇敢(去做)

违法的

满足需要

离开,放弃

信任,信赖

农村/城市

劝某人做

劝某人不要做

on show/display/exhibition

be brave to, have courage to

illegal, not legal, against the law

cater to/meet/satisfy the need

abandon, go away from, leave , give up

trust, believe, have confidence/faith in

in the countryside/city, rural/urban

areas

advise sb to do, try to persuade sb to do

discourage sb from doing, persuade sb

not to do

cancel, call off

enter, come/go into

escape, run away

calculate, figure out

appear, come into being, come into

existence

besides, as well as, in addition to, apart

from

make a plan, work out a plan, draw up

a plan

取消

进入

逃跑

算出

开始存在

除……之外

制定计划

相对立

代替

背诵

害怕

退(学)

推迟

去拿来

相匹配

精力充沛

乱七八糟

气喘吁吁

做出决定

对……有害

相似,相像

低语,耳语

寻找,追求

茫然,困惑

取笑,逗弄

提高,改善

庆祝

长胖

熟悉

处理

到处

(使)加速

值得,应得

把某物分配给某人

contradict, be opposite to

replace, take the place of

recite, learn…by heart

fear, be afraid/scared of

quit, drop out of (school)

delay, postpone, put off

fetch, go and bring back

match, go with

energetic, full of energy

in a mess, in disorder

breathless, out of breath

determine, decide, make a decision

do harm to, be harmful to

resemble, be like, be similar to

whisper, speak in a low voice

seek, look/search/hunt for

at a loss, puzzled/confused

tease, make fun of, laugh at, amuse

improve, make/become better

celebrate, hold a celebration

put on / gain weight, grow fat

know…well, be familiar with

handle, settle, deal with, cope with

everywhere, here and there

accelerate, speed up, quicken

deserve sth, be worthy of sth, be worth

doing sth

allocate sth to sb, divide sth among sb

与……不同

防止疾病

用完某物

方式,方法

情况良好

置若罔闻

高兴起来

全世界

重力

怒视

平静的

抽象的

积极的

残酷地

复杂的

人造的

故意地

再一次

独自地

有危险

占比例

青少年

看医生

更喜欢

使生气

报道此事

很多,很

differ from, be different from, vary

from…to…

protect…from sickness, avoid/prevent

sickness

run out of sth, lack sth, sth run out, sth

be used up

way, solution, approach, method,

means

in a good condition, in a good

state/situation

turn a deaf ear to, refuse to listen to

cheer up, become happy

all over/around the world,

internationally, worldwide, globally

gravity, the pull of the earth

glare at, look at sth angrily

clam, not excited

abstract, not specific

active, not passive

cruelly, with mercy

complicated, not simple, complex

artificial, man-made

deliberately, on purpose, purposely

again, once more, once again, over and

over again

alone, by oneself

in danger, at risk

account for, make up

adolescent, teenager

go to see / consult a doctor

prefer sth, like sth better

annoy sb, make sb angry

cover/report the event

a lot (of), a great deal (of)

保证,确保

一年一次的

可进入/接近的

ensure, guarantee, make sure/certain

annual, yearly, every year

be accessible, be easy to enter/reach/use

enable sb to do, make sb able to do

do A rather than do B, do A instead of

(doing) B

go abroad, go to a foreign country

accuse sb of sth, charge sb with sth

manage to do sth, succeed in doing sth

burst into laughter, burst out laughing

ignore, overlook, pay no attention to

starve, go hungry, die from hunger

act as, serve as

model, example

accomplish, get through, succeed in,

complete, achieve

be against, oppose, object to, disagree

with, disapprove of

think/believe that, hold the view that,

argue/claim that

old people, the old, senior citizens, the

aged, the elderly

影响交通

澄清,阐明

可得到的

吸引某人

无论如何

在……后面

无论什么

使某人高兴

雇用某人

受欢迎的

得出结论

弄明白

试验

想法,设想

做报告

辍学,退学

聪明的

hold up / block the traffic

clarify, make sth clear

be available, be easily got

interest/attract/draw sb, appeal to sb,

catch sb’s eye/attention

anyhow, anyway, in any way

behind, at the back of

whatever, no matter what

cheer sb up, make sb happy

employ/hire sb, take sb on

be popular, be well received

conclude, draw a conclusion

figure out, find out

try out, test

theory, idea

give a presentation/talk/speech

drop out of school, leave school

clever, bright, wise, smart

使能做某事

宁做A不做B

出国

控告某人犯有

成功做某事

突然笑起来

不理,忽视

挨饿,饿死

充当;起……作用

榜样

完成,实现

反对

认为

老年人

旨在做

优于,胜过

对某人生气

有机会使用/做

对……全然不知

aim/be aimed at doing, be designed/intended to do, be meant to do sth

have the advantage over, have the edge over, be better than

get angry with sb, get cross with sb, be annoyed with sb

have access to sth, have the chance of doing sth

be in the dark about, know nothing about

tell sb sth, inform sb of sth, keep sb informed of sth

apply/bend/commit/devote oneself to, be bent/committed/devoted to

on doing, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, as soon

as, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when

告诉某人某事

致力于

一……就……

高考质量提升是一项系统工程,涉及到多个方面、各个维度,关键是要抓住重点、以点带

面、全面突破,收到事半功倍的效果。

一、备考策略务必精准

高三备考的不同阶段,目标和任务各不相同,就像打仗一样,攻克不同的山头有不同的打

法,只有抓住要领,才能打赢主动仗。一是细化“作战地图”。从现在到一模考试前,主要任

务是过课本、串教材,把基础知识再夯实,为专题复习奠定坚实基础。各学科组教师要认真学

习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题,把高考考点和试题变化

点做成“作战地图”,平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题,并在“作战地图”上一

一标注,确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。二是组织集体攻坚。发挥学科组集体备考的

优势,学科组内任务分解、责任到人,每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。学科组坚持“一

课一研”、“一考一研”,新老教师步调一致,节奏有序,充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。

三是找准学科增分点。认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据,细化到每一个知识点的

得失分情况,找准突破点和增分点,有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。英语的阅读理解和小作

文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等,都要制定详细的训练方案

和突破的方法策略,在实践中调整提升,打破制约瓶颈,找到质量提升的突破口。

二、课堂教学务必高效。课堂是教育教学是主阵地。高三年级教学时间紧,教学任务重,

更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。一是上好微专题课。春节前后,一轮复习进入后期,学生

不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好,将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。

高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题,上好微专题或微微专题课,针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲

透,触类旁通。微专题课怎么上?可以针对学生不会的问题,每节课重点解决1-2个知识点,

专题强调,专点训练,不贪多,顺一个点“追祖宗八代”,剖析透!微微专题,则更精、更准、

更小、更有效,可以一节课只讲一道题,但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透,讲透一个会一类,做

会一题能举一反三。二是上好试卷讲评课。试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型,必须切实收到实效。

首先,要精确掌握考情。考试不过夜,打铁要趁热,每次考试以后,要对班级考试情况了如指


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