2022--2023学年上海市上海中学高二下学期期中英语试卷

2022--2023

学年上海市上海中学高二下学期期中英语试卷

1. ________ health experts’ belief that giving people access to their health data will inspire them to

eat better and exercise more, there’s evidence ________ their promise isn’t quite paying off.

A

．

Despite of; / B

．

Despite; that C

．

Though; that D

．

In spite of; for

2. When humans develop machines that are smarter than they are and machines begin to improve

themselves, they risk ________ the mathematician IJ Good called an “intelligence explosion”.

A

．

what B

．

that what C

．

even if D

．

whatever

3. His technique has developed to the point _____ he can help kill the latest computer virus going

round the city.

A

．

that B

．

which C

．

when D

．

where

4. Only when the war, with all its unexpected consequences, is over ________.

A

．

that any political impacts will begin

C

．

and any political impacts will begin

B

．

will any political impacts begin

D

．

any political impacts will begin

5. Addicted to shopping, I found that the items I bought lost their appeal right around ________ a

new item caught my eye.

A

．

the second when B

．

a second when C

．

the second D

．

a second

6. The collectors dreamed of ________ a place to show off the collection in Latin America as a way

to spark dialogue among artists across the diverse regions.

A

．

there to be B

．

there being C

．

there having D

．

there would be

7. Researching findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we

________ during the day.

A

．

would have done B

．

should have done C

．

may have done D

．

must have done

8. The invention of telegram ________ the transmission of messages to any part of the world within

a few seconds.

A

．

made possible B

．

made it possible C

．

made possibly D

．

made it possibly

9. With the meeting ________ in just a couple of hours, I didn’t have the time to worry about those

unimportant things.

A

．

beginning B

．

begun C

．

to begin D

．

would begin

10. Yesterday, the storm delayed us. ________ the storm we would have been here in time.

A

．

If it were not for B

．

But for C

．

Unless D

．

But that

11. In our discussion of instincts, we saw that there was reason to believe ________ we inherit must

be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior.

A

．

how B

．

when C

．

whatever D

．

since

12. The dress proved such a hit ________ the London company who made the original for Diana

turned it into an off-the-peg line.

A

．

whenever B

．

as C

．

since D

．

that

13. ________ your phone is a worthy assistant, there’s no substitute for a real camera when it comes

to ________ the perfect picture.

A

．

As; taking B

．

Whether; take C

．

Though; take D

．

While; taking

14. The economist argues that no society can surely be flourishing and happy, ________ of the

members are poor and miserable.

A

．

of which the far greater part

C

．

of whom the far greater part

B

．

of which far greater part

D

．

of whom far greater part

15. It is likely that we may ________ great benefits from such releases of genetically engineered

organisms into the environment — providing they do what we expect them to.

A

．

invalidate B

．

derive C

．

prohibit D

．

reserve

16. His election campaigns were infamous for their cruelty — he often made sure that those who did

not vote for him would never vote again — but the ________ of his involvement has never been

clear.

A

．

vision B

．

vulnerability C

．

depth D

．

misconception

17. In contrast to Barbie’s fantasy figure and fashionable high heels, these dolls are ________ on

girls from historical eras and come with storybooks about themselves.

A

．

modeled B

．

synthesized C

．

popularized D

．

imposed

18. Direction: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be

used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. competence B. repetitive C. dramatically D. pace E. routinely AB. beating

AC. blowing AD. worthy AE. shallowly BC. ease BD. readiness

How to prevent and fight anxiety?

Lingering anxiety can keep you up at night, make you easily annoyed, weaken your ability to

concentrate, and ruin your appetite. And the constant state of 1 generated by anxiety -- adrenaline

(

肾上腺素

) pumping, heart racing, palms sweating-may contribute to high blood pressure and heart

disease.

How to prevent anxiety then?

Meditate.

Maybe you’re just nervous. If so, meditation is 2 of a try. It cultivates a calmness that

will 3 anxious feelings and offer a sense of control. A study at the University of Massachusetts

found that volunteers who took an 8-week meditation course, were considerably less anxious

afterward. People who are nervous find that they are 4 calmer with 20 minutes of meditation in the

morning and another 20 minutes after dinner.

Jog, walk, swim, or cycle

. If you can’t make time for meditation, be sure to make time for regular

exercise. Exercise can have the same calming effect as meditation, particularly if it’s something 5

like running or swimming laps.

Treatment?

Remember to breathe. When you’re anxious, you tend to hold your breath or breathe too 6 . That

makes you feel more anxious. Breathing slowly and deeply can have a calming effect.

Let’s say you are anxious about your 7 on the job. Ask yourself “What, in particular, am I afraid

that I’ll mess up?” Maybe you’re afraid that you get further behind and miss your deadlines. Or

maybe you’re worried that you’re 8 it whenever you present your ideas in meetings. Are your

worries reasonable? Have you had several near misses with deadlines? Are your suggestions 9

rejected? If not, the anxiety is needless. If there is a real problem, work on a solution: 10 yourself to

better meet deadlines, or join a public speaking class.

19. There has, in recent years, been an outpouring of information about the impact of buildings on

the natural environment. Information which explains and promotes green construction design strives

to _________ others of its effectiveness and warns of the dangers of ignoring the issue. Seldom do

these documents offer any advice to practitioners, such as those designing mechanical and electrical

systems for a building, on how to use this knowledge on a _________ level.

Although there are a good many advocates of “green” construction in the architectural industry, able

to list enough reasons why buildings should be designed in a (n) _________ way, that doesn’t

translate into a booming green construction industry. Likewise, the fact that plenty of architectural

firms have experience in green design is not enough to make green construction _________. The

driving force behind whether a building is constructed with minimal environmental impact

_________ the owner of the building; that is, the person financing the project. If the owner considers

green design unimportant, or of secondary importance, then more than likely, it will not be

_________ into the design.

The commissioning (

委任

) process plays a key role in _________ the owner gets the building he

wants, in terms of design, costs and risk. Owners who _________ the commissioning process, or fail

to take “green” issues into account when doing so, often run into trouble once their building is up

and running. Materials and equipment are installed as planned, and, at first glance, appear to fulfil

their purpose adequately. _________, in time, the owner realizes that operational and maintenance

costs are higher than necessary, and that the occupants are dissatisfied with the results. These factors

in turn lead to higher ownership costs as well as increased environmental impact.

In some cases, an owner may be __________ of the latest trends in green building design, which,

however, does not necessarily lead to an interpretation that the client already has an idea of how

green he intends the structure to be. Indeed, this initial interaction between owner and firm is the

ideal time for a designer to outline and __________ the ways that green design can meet the client’s

objectives. In this way, he may turn a project originally not __________green design into a potential

candidate.

Typically, when condiering whether or not to adopt a green __________, an owner will ask about

additional costs or return for investment. In a typical project, landscape architects, mechanical and

electrical engineers are not involved until a much later stage. However, in green design, they have a

role to play from they outset, since green design demands__________between these disciplines,

which requires additional cost. However, there are examples of green design which have

demonstrated__________costs for long-term operation, ownership and even construnction.

1.

A

．

preserve

2.

A

．

pracical

3.

A

．

professional

4.

A

．

tap into

experience

5.

A

．

refers to

6.

A

．

knocked

7.

A

．

concluding

8.

A

．

skip

9.

A

．

As a result

10.

A

．

ignorant

11.

A

．

promote

12.

A

．

applited to

13.

B

．

convince

B

．

measured

B

．

groundbreaking

B

．

live up to its

name

B

．

lies with

B

．

loaded

B

．

stressing

B

．

transport

B

．

On the contrary

B

．

aware

B

．

perceive

B

．

anxious for

C

．

exploit

C

．

tremendous

C

．

innovative

C

．

rise to fame

C

．

races against

C

．

factored

C

．

ensuring

C

．

isolate

C

．

What’s more

C

．

critical

C

．

attribute

C

．

destined for

D

．

accuse

D

．

theoretial

D

．

sustainable

D

．

come into being

D

．

calls on

D

．

stuffed

D

．

acknowledging

D

．

cover

D

．

However

D

．

capable

D

．

impose

D

．

specific about

A

．

gesture

14.

A

．

competition

15.

A

．

increased

20. St Kilda is a tiny archipelage (

群岛

) of the North Atlantic Ocean. The islands are among the

most spectacular, but the greatest fascination is that, for over a thousand years, people lived there

and possessed a sense of community. Cut off from the mainland, the islanders had a distinct way of

living their lives, mainly eating the seabirds that returned to breed on the rocks.

Isolation also had a big effect upon St Kildans’ attitudes and ideas. The people sacrificed themselves

year in and year out, in a constant battle to secure a livelihood. In such harsh conditions, life was

only possible because the whole community worked together.

In the 19th century St Kilda was subject to pressures from the outside world. Education, religion and

tourism all attempted to throw the St Kildans’ way of life into doubt. In the early 20th century, the

strength of the community became weakened as contact with the rest of Britain increased. When

disease cut their numbers, and wind and sea made it difficult to get adequate food, the St Kildans

were forced to turn to the mainland for assistance.

In 1930, the St Kildans finally agreed to abandon their homes. They settled on the Scottish mainland,

not realizing it meant throwing themselves into the 20 century. As adults, they had to accept those

values most Scots believe in. For instance, the islanders found difficult to base their existence upon

money. They had never lived in a world where they bought goods and services from each other.

The islanders showed themselves indifferent to the jobs they were given on the mainland. The

labours asked of them were unskilled compared with the spectacular skills they had once performed

in order to kill seabirds. Moreover, killing birds had once provided the community with food to

survive. On the mainland, however, the tasks they were asked to perform did not provide them

immediately with what was needed to keep them fed and warm.

The history of the St Kildans after the evacuation (

撤离

), of their inability and lack of resolution to

fit into urban society, makes sad reading. When they were resettled on the mainland, the St Kildans

were forced to live in a society whose values were unacceptable and incomprehensible to the

majority of them. For many, the move was a tragedy.

1. According to Paragraph 3, the following factors lead to St Kildans seeking help from outside

EXCEPT ________.

A

．

unbearable wind

C

．

contact with Britain

B

．

insufficient food supply

D

．

worsening health

B

．

extra C

．

fixed D

．

lower

B

．

calculation C

．

cooperation D

．

distinction

B

．

approach C

．

origin D

．

patent

2. After the St Kildans inhabited Scotland, they ________.

A

．

soon learned how to buy goods and services from others