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Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
1. anyone pron.=anybody肯定句:任何人 否定句或疑问句:有人
拓展:someone=somebody 某人,有人
区分:anyone和everyone
复合不定代词:
复合不定代词
-body
-one
-thing
every-
everybody
everyone
everything
some-
somebody
someone
something
any-
anybody
anyone
anything
no-
nobody
no one
nothing
something pron. 某事;某物
(用于肯定句,否定句或疑问句用anything)
nothing pron. 没有什么;没有一件东西
everyone pron. 每人;人人;所有人
someone pron.某人
用法:做主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数。
形容词,动词不定式修饰不定代词后置。
else修饰不定代词后置。(注意:不能用other)
注:①any主要用于疑问句和否定句,但也可以用于肯定句,表示“任何的,无论什么的”。
②anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, everybody, everyone做主语时,代替它们的代词通常用he, she。
③anything, something, everything, nothing做主语时, 代替它们的代词都用it, 不用they。
2. anywhere adv. 在任何地方(常用于否定句和疑问句中)
anywhere前不加介词 例:go anywhere
3. wonderful adj. 精彩的;绝妙的
短语:have a wonderful time 过得开心,玩得快乐
拓展:wonder v. 想知道;琢磨 n. 奇迹
wonder+wh-从句 wonder+that 从句
wonder if 从句
wonder to do sth
adv. wonderfully
4. few adj.&pron. 不少;很少
拓展: few 表示否定的含义,即几乎没有,一般修饰可数名词复数。
a few 意为“几个,一些”,表示肯定的含义,修饰可数名词复数。
little表示否定的含义,即几乎没有,一般修饰不可数名词。
a little意为“一点”,表示肯定的含义,修饰不可数名词。
短语:quite a few 相当多,不少 (修饰可数名词复数)=many
quite a little=much=quite a bit (修饰不可数名词)
only a few=few 很少
few
a few
1 / 6
quite a few +可复
little
几乎没有
a little
一些
quite a little
很多
+不可
5. most adj.&adv.&pron. 最多;大多数
拓展:most of+人称代词宾格复数
most of the+名词(不可数/复数)
many/much-more-most
注:most前有不定冠词a, 则表示“非常;很”,相当于very。
区分:almost=nearly adv. 几乎
6. of course 当然;自然
同义词:sure/certainly
7. myself pron. 我自己
yourself pron.你自己;您自己
反身代词:
myself
yourself
herself
himself
itself
用法:常作宾语或同位语
短语:make oneself at home 别客气;随便
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
help oneself to 请自便
take care of /look after oneself
by oneself
lose oneself in 陶醉于;沉浸于
dress oneself
teach oneself
come to oneself 苏醒;恢复知觉
learn by oneself
keep sth to oneself 保密
sit oneself 就坐
注:①反身代词的主语与宾语人称需保持一致。
②在祈使句中,一般主语时you, 反身代词用yourself。
8. hen n. 母鸡
9. pig n. 猪
10. seem v. 好像;似乎;看来
2 / 6
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
seem+名词 看起来...
seem to do 似乎要做...
seem to be+adj./n. 似乎...
seem like 看起来像...
seem+adj 看起来...
It seems/seemed that+从句 看起来...
It seems to sb that+从句 在某人看来
It seems/appears +adj. to do sth
同义短语:as if
11. bored adj. 厌倦的;烦闷的
短语:be/get bored with sth
拓展:bore v. 使...厌烦 boring adj. 无聊的;令人厌倦的
be tired of 厌烦
12. diary n. 日记;记事簿
短语:keep a diary
区分:dairy n. 乳品店
13. enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的;令人愉快的
近义词:pleasant 令人愉快的
拓展:enjoy 喜欢;欣赏;享受+名词/代词/动名词
enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good time +动名词 玩得开心
enjoyment n. 愉快;欢乐
enjoyably adv.
14. activity n. 活动 复数:activities
短语:outdoor activities indoor activities
拓展:act n./v. 表演;行动;表演者
acting n. 表演
actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 action n. 行动
active adj.积极的 actively adv. 积极地
短语:action movie
take an active part in=take part in actively
take action(to do sth)
15. decide v.决定;选定
短语:decide to do sth=make up one’s mind to do sth=determine to do sth
decide not to do sth
decide+疑问词+动词不定式
decide on/upon+名词/代词/动名词
拓展:decision n. make a decision/decisions
16. try v./n. 尝试;设法;努力
3 / 6
短语:try to do sth 设法做某事;努力做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
have a try 试一试
try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大的努力最某事 =go out one’s way to do sth=make an
effort to do sth=spare no effort to do sth=do everything in one’s power to do sth=spare no pains to
do sth
try on 试穿
try out for 实验;选拔
17. paragliding n. 滑翔伞运动
18. feel like 给...的感觉;感受到
过去式:feel-felt
区分:fall-fell fill-filled full
feel like+从句 觉得好像是...
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
would like to do sth想要做某事
want to do sth 想要做某事
19. bird n. 鸟
20. bicycle n. 自行车;脚踏车
21. building n. 建筑物;房子
拓展:build v. 建造 (built-built) n. 体格;体型
build up 增强;逐步建立
build sth out of sth 用某物做成另一物
22. trader n. 商人 trade v. 做生意
短语:trade with
23. difference n. 差别;差异(可数名词)
拓展:different adj. 不同的 be different from
differently adv. 不同地
differ v. 与...不同 differ from
短语:make a (big) difference to 有(很大)影响/作用=have an
influence/effect on
make no difference 没有影响;不起作用
tell the difference(s)
There are many
反义词:same 相同;同样
短语:the same as 与...一样
at the same time 同时
24. top n.顶部;表面
4 / 6
短语:at the top of 在...顶端
from top to bottom 从顶部到底部
top students
25. wait v./n. 等待;等候
拓展:waiter n. 男服务员 waitress n. 女服务员
短语:wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某物
can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
26. umbrella n. 伞;雨伞
语法:元音因素前加an; 辅音因素前加a
27. wet adj. 湿的;潮湿的;下雨的
反义词:dry 干燥的
拓展:wet-wetter-wettest
(big/fat/thin/wet/hot/red/sad/mad)
28. because of 因为 (加名词/代词/名词性短语)
区分:because (conj.加从句)
due to 由于;归因于
thanks to 多亏
29. below prep./adv. 在...下面;到...下面
反义词:above
30. enough adj./adv. 足够的(地);充足的(地);充分的(地)
adj./adv+enough enough+n.
短语:ugh to 不足够...去做...
太...而不能
so...that 如此...以至于
31. hungry adj. 饥饿的
反义词:full 饱的
拓展:hunger n. hungrily adv.
be hungry for=be thirsty for
32. as adv. 像...一样;如同 conj. 当...时;因为 prep. 作为
短语:as+形容词/副词原级+as
the same as as long as
such as as soon as
as...as possible as...as sb can
as far as 就...而言 as for 至于
as a result as if/though 好像
句句末) as well as
as...=consider as=take as=think of ...as==treat as 看做
5 / 6
as well 也(用于肯定
33. hill n. 小山;山丘
34. duck n. 鸭
35. dislike v./n. 不喜欢(的事物)/厌恶(的事物)
短语:dislike doing sth
likes and dislikes
拓展:unlike
6 / 6
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