(新)高英精读6修辞整理

你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

高英第六册修辞整理（仅供参考）

Lesson one

1 This is, in some ways an admirable solution. Irony

2 however Malthus was himself not without a certain felling of

reasonability. Double negative

4 The elimination of the poor is nature’s way of improving the race.

Irony

5 It has again become a major philosophical, literary, and rhetorical

preoccupation, and an economically not unrewarding enterprise.

Double negative irony

6 It is then argued that the government is inherently incompetent,

except as regards weapons design and procurement and the overall

management of the Pentagon irony

7 The allegation of government incompetence is associated in our time

with the general condemnation of the bureaucrat–again excluding those

associated with national defense. The only form of discrimination that is

still permissible–that is, still officially encouraged irony

8 When these aberrations have occurred they have, oddly enough, all

been in the Pentagon. Irony

.9 All this would seem a considerable achievement for incompetent

and otherwise ineffective people. Alliteration

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

10 The second design in this great centuries-old tradition is to argue

that any form of public help to the poor only hurts the poor. Irony

11 this is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction. Irony

metaphor

12 Can we really believe that any considerable number of the poor

prefer welfare to a good job? Or that business people–corporate

executives, rhetorical question

13 Again, expenditure on national defense is excepted. Irony

14 This is possibly the most transparent of all of the designs;

Irony

15 Freedom we rightly cherish. Cherishing it, we should not use it as a

cover for denying freedom to those in need. Inversion

16. Whether they be in Ethiopia, the South Bronx, or even in such an

Elysium as Los Angeles, irony

17 All, save perhaps the last, are in great inventive descent from

Bentham, irony

18 and his colleagues are clearly in a notable tradition irony

19 So are the philosophers now celebrated in Washington: George

Gilder, a greatly favored figure of the recent past, irony

20 he is enjoying, as indicated, unparalleled popularity in high

Washington circles. Irony

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

Lesson 2

1 But these mark of wild country called to my father like the legendary

siren song simile allusion

2 the memories of this trip have colored my life. Flashback

3 in this deep and room box were packed our camping equipment and

food supplies inversion

4 one big kettle stood up on three long legs to sit over a fire

personification

5 its underwater grasses looked like green ribbons constantly unrolling

simile

6 as an added treat papa sometimes would cut the heart out of a

cabbage palmetto simile

7 the burly arms of the oaks were huge with and ……….the woods

were tossing with jewels simile

8 not without trepidation, papa made arrangements……. double

negative

9 17 段最后一句 was not dissimilar to the ……… double negative

10 there was the little shack, not the most gracious of living

quarters …………understatement

11 there was also, and most important, a cook stove ……periodic

sentence

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

12 20 段 倒数第二句 that quacked us awake

at …..onomatopoeia

13 the big house in the trees looked safe and sturdy…..alliteration

14 suddenly, sometime that summer, a day came when all work

ceased…………periodic sentence

Lesson 3

1. The human attack on the ecosphere has instigated an ecological

counterattack. Metaphor

2...the accident at Chernobyl amounts to a serious but local fire that

destroyed the plant. Anti-climax

3. But unlike the conventional marketplace, which deals in goods-things

that serve a useful purpose –this scheme creates a marketplace in “bads”

pun

purpose is less a lament over the war’s numerous casualties than

an inquiry into ……metaphor

Lesson 4

1. Each of the trees on the place had an attitude and a presence---the elm

looked serene and the oak threatening, the maples friendly, the hawthorn

old and crabby. Personification

2. They might have followed the boys out from town…..subjunctive

mood

3. How all my own territory would be altered, as if a

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

landside ….metaphor, simile

4. A common name, A stupid flat-faced child with dirty blond hair.

Elliptical sentences

5….leaving husband and house and all the things acquired….

alliteration

6….a long necessary voyage from the house of marriage

metaphor

7. ….was it delicacy or disapproval? alliteration

8. All that afternoon that the men were gone I was full of happy energy

transferred epithet

9. I stood …., when we were soaked and safe and …..

alliteration

Lesson five

1. Had that been so, the Indians, for whom the radio was even more

favorable,……over the seas. Subjunctive mood

2. termed the “hedgehogs”, who know one big thing, as against the

“foxes”, who know many small things. metaphor

3. Yet most of the time Americans have foxily mistrusted…

4. Ideology thus presupposes…to the custody of an infallible priesthood.

satire

5.第16段多处against, a universe parallelism

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

6. …against the notion that all answers ….. in the back of some sacred

book sarcasm(讽刺，挖苦)

7. But ideology is a drug. metaphor

8. But the only certainty in an absolute system is the certainty of

absolute abuse. Repetition

Lesson 7

1. We observe today not a victory of the party but a celebration of

freedom—symbolizing an end as well as a beginning---signifying

renewal as well as change. Repetition, balanced structure

2. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of

human poverty and all forms of human life. Contrast

3. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought

are still at issue around the globe---the belief come not from the …but

from the hand of God. Biblical language

4. Let the world go forth from this time and place, to friends and foe

alike. Alliteration

5….that torch has been passed to a new generation of

Americans…metaphor

6….oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty

alliteration

7. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

Divided, there is little we can do---for we dare not meet a powerful

challenge… antithesis

8. 6,7,8段以“to those”开头 repetition

9….those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger

ended up inside. Metaphor

a free society can not help the many who are poor, it can not save

the few who are rich. Antithesis

this peaceful revolution cannot become the prey of hostile powers.

Metaphor

12. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to

remain the master of its house. Metaphor

13….our last best hope have in an age where the instrument of war have

far outpaced the instruments of peace. Antithesis

14. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be

certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed. Emphatic

structure, repetition

15….yet both racing to alter that uncertain ……stays the hand of

mankind’s final war. Synecdoche

16. Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate.

Chiasmus

17. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its

terrors. Antithesis

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

18’ to “undo the heavy burdens…and let the oppressed go free”

biblical quotation

19. And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungles of

suspicion…metaphor

20. In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will

rest…..inversion

21. …..not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need---not as a call

to battle, though embattled we are repetition，antithesis

22. Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance

alliteration

23. –and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. Metaphor

24. Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for

your country. Antithesis, repetition

Lesson 9

say “Aiken” and you see a white butterfly glance off a fence

with a torn wing. Metaphor

sugar-brown Mobile girls move through the streets without a stir.

They are as sweet and plain as buttercake. Metaphor

dreadful funkiness of passion, the funkiness of nature, the

funkiness of the wide range of human emotions. Irony, repetition

worry, worry, worry about the edges of their hair. Repetition

they do not know is that this plain brown girl will build her nest

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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你想是怎样的人，你就是怎样的人；你想成为怎样的人，你离这个目标就不会太远。

stick by stick, make it her own inviolable world, and stand guard over its

every plant… metaphor

6. Eyes that questioned nothing and asked everything. Antithesis

7. Pecola backed out of the room, staring at the pretty milk-brown lady

in the pretty gold-and-green house who was talking to her through the

cat’s fur. Irony

补充

1. Murray is the voice of Spencer in our time. Antonomasia

2．It is then argued that the government is inherently incompetent, except

as regards weapons design and procurement and the overall management

of the Pentagon metonymy

看人生峰高处，唯有磨难多正果。

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