谚语翻译中的无规则对应性探析-Linux大棚

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2024年3月9日发(作者：head master)

以“有志者事竟成”为例

应当是举一反三，起到谚语学习事半功倍的效果。

恶有恶报。自作自受。（自己挖坑自己埋。）He that makes his bed ill, lies there. /（自食其果。）As a man makes his bed, so must he lie./（自食其果。）As one has made one's bed，so one must

lie in it./（自食其果。）As you make your bed, so you must lie in/on it. /You have made your bed,

you must lie in it. //多行不义必自毙。搬起石头砸自己的脚。/（冤冤相报。）All the Tracys have

the wind in their faces. /The Tracys have always the wind in their faces.//恶有恶报。搬起石头砸自己的脚。害人反害己。The bitter is bitten./The bitter is sometimes bit. /多行不义必自毙。搬起石头砸自己的脚。/恶有恶报。（冤冤相报。）One ill turn deserves another./A bad penny always

comes back. 伪币迟早归原主。/A wicked man is his own hell./ /Every ill man has his ill day./He

that does evil shall find evil. /Who sows ill reaps ill./Wickedness does not go altogether

unpunished./恶有恶报。搬起石头砸自己的脚。作茧自缚。害人反害己。自作自受。自家掘坑自家埋。自讨苦吃。He makes a rod for his own back./Be hoist with one’s own petard./Harm

hatch, harm catch./Harm watch, harm catch./Throw stones at one’s own house./Whoso diggeth a

pit shall fall therein./Harm set,harm get./He that mischief hatches,mischief catches./When you

plot mischief for others you’re preparing trouble for yourself./He who digs a pit for others, falls in

himself./He brings a staff/stick to break his own head./Let his own wand ding him./Hoist with his

own petard./恶有恶报。多行不义必自毙。A bad life, a bad end./An ill life, an ill end./Give a thief

enough rope and he'll hang himself./ / /自食其果。Self do, self have. /作茧自缚。I have brought

an ill comb to my own head. / /恶有恶报。损人必害己。He that hurts another hurts himself. /锄一恶，扬十善。邪气衰则正气盛。As vice wanes,virtue waxes. //自己酿的苦酒自己喝。自食其果。One must drink as one brews./自食其果。Drink as you have brewed. /自食其果。搬起石头砸自己的脚。As you brew, so shall you drink.自己酿的苦酒自己喝。//恶人自有恶人磨。The devil is good to his own./The devil looks after his own./Every sin brings its punishment with

it./Who swims in sin shall sink in sorrow. /自作孽，不可活。（自作自受最难受。）The evil we bring

on ourselves are the hardest to bear.//多行不义必自毙。此地无银三百两。做贼心虚。A bad

conscience is a snack in one’s heart./A guilty conscience feels continual fear./A guilty conscience

is a self-accuser./A guilty conscience is a thousand witnesses./A guilty conscience never feels

secure./Guilty consciences always make people (men) cowards./ A guilty person gives himself

away by conspicuous./多行不义必自毙。A guilty conscience needs no accuser.自己问心有愧，无需别人责备。//咒人反咒己。Chickens come home to roost./骂人如骂己。Curses, like chickens,

come home to roost. /骂人如骂己。Curses come home to roost.//恶有恶报。种一恶，收十恶。恶有恶报。恶人必有恶人治。He that sows the wind (will) reap the whirlwind. /恶人必有恶人治。（恶有恶报。）Sow the wind and reap the whirlwind./ They have sown the wind, and they shall

reap the whirlwind./

世上无难事，只怕有心人。有志者，事竟成。A man can succeed at almost anything for which

he has unlimited enthusiasm.只要有无限的热情，一个人几乎可以在任何事情上取得成功。/（决心成功，一半成功。）He who will success is half way to it. /A wilful man will have his way.顽强者定会成功。/To him that wills, ways are not wanting. /世上无难事，只怕有心人。精诚所至，金石为开。Nothing is impossible for/to a willing mind/heart.心之所愿，无所不成。/世上无难事，只要肯攀登。坚持到底就是胜利。（锲而不舍，金石可镂。）有梦就有希望。Where

there is a will, there is a way. /只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针。Elbow grease gives the best polish.

/Little strokes fell down strong oaks. /Many little strokes fell down strong oaks. /Perseverence

spells success. /锲而不舍，金石可镂。（水滴穿石。）滴水穿石。Little strokes fell great oaks./

世上无难事，只怕有心人。（有志者，事竟成。）Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets

his mind to it. /Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. /It's dogged that does it. /锲而不舍，金石可镂。（水滴穿石。只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针。）Little by little and bit by bit./滴水穿石。功到自然成。Spit on a stone, and it will be wet at last./只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针。绳可锯木断，水可滴石穿。水滴石穿，绳锯木断。Constant dripping wears away a stone./锲而不舍，金石可镂。只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针。）绳可锯木断，水可滴石穿。水滴石穿，绳锯木断。Constant

dripping will wear away a stone./A drop hollows out a stone./Water dropping day by day wears

the hardest rock away./功到自然成。Constant effort yieds sure success./Oft ettle, whiles hit./功夫不负有心人。苍天不负有心人。All things come to him who waits.成功属于有准备的人。/Heaven rewards the faithful./功到自然成。成功属于有准备的人。All things will come round to

him who will but wait.只要肯等待，一切都会按时来。/耐得住，必有福。He that can stay

obtains./耐得住，必有福。Everything comes to him who waits. 凡事要肯等待。久等必有一得。/耐得住，必有福。Everything comes if a man will only wait./锲而不舍，金石可镂。坚持不懈，必定成功。坚持就是胜利。成功属于坚持不懈的人。Success belongs to the persevering.胜利属于坚忍不拔的人。/坚持到底就是胜利。It is dogged as does it./坚持就是胜利。Drive/Dree out

the inch as you have done the span./坚韧不拔是成功之本。Perseverance is the only road to

success.不屈不挠是取得成功的唯一道路。/坚韧不拔是成功之本。Perseverance is vital to

success.不屈不挠是成功之本。/世上无难事，只要肯登攀。Nothing is too difficult(in the world)

if you put/set your heart/mind into it. / A mouse in time may bite in two a cable./有志者事竟成。With time and patience the leaf of the mulberry becomes satin.

时不待我，岁月无情。岁月不待人。You may delay, but time will not. /岁月不留人。Age and time

do not wait for people. /岁月既往，一去不回。时光不能倒流。One cannot back the clock. /时光如流水，岁月不待人。时不待我，岁月无情。（时不待我。）时间不等人。时不我待。机不可失，失不再来。岁月不待人。Time and tide wait for no man./时光一去不复返。Take time while

time is, for time will away./时间不能倒流。光阴似箭，日月穿梭。Life is short and time is swift./光阴似箭，一去不回。Lost time is never found again./光阴似水流，一去不回头。时光永不回头。Time marches on./光阴一去不复返，无人能唤昨日回。No man can call again yesterday./光阴似箭，一去不回。机不可失，时不再来。All time is no time when it is past./时光流逝，不可复得。Time lost cannot be won again./岁月既往，不可复追。时光一去不复返。Time lost

cannot be recalled./昨日不再来。时间不能倒流。Time past cannot be called (back) again./时间不能倒流。时钟不能倒转。One cannot put back the clock./昨日不会重现。光阴一去不复返，无人能唤昨日回。No one can call back yesterday. /昨日不再来。（光阴一去不复返。）Yesterday

will not be called again. /时光如流水，岁月不待人。机不可失，失不再来。/An occasion lost

cannot be redeemed./He loses all who loses the moment./When an opportunity is neglected, it

never comes back to you./（此时不干，更待何时？）时不待我，岁月无情。（时不待我。）时间不等人。岁月不等人。Now or never！/He that will not when he may, when he will he shall have

nay./Let's take the instant by the foreward top./Opportunity do not wait. 机会不等人。/机不可失，时不再来。Opportunity knocks but once./Seize time by the forelock./Take time by the

forelock./Take time when time comes, lest time steal away./此时不干，更待何时？ Now for it! /过了这个村，就没了这个店。He who will not when he may, when he will he shall have nay./切莫错过良机。Everything has its time and that time must be watched./说干就干。Do it now./机不可失。There is no time to lose./当断不断，必受其患。过了这个村，就没了这个店。（机不可失，时不再来。）He who hesitate is lost./Opportunity seldom knocks twice./时光易逝。光阴似箭。日月如梭，光阴似箭。Time flies.

金无赤足，人无完人。智者千虑，必有一失。人非圣贤，孰能无过。The brightest of all things,

the sun, has its spots./Every bean has its black./No garden without its weeds.没有不长草的园子。/There are lees to every wine./There is no garden without its weeds. /美不至绝，福不至幸。（无喜不带忧，有乐必有苦。）No rose without a thorn./玫瑰皆有刺，乐中必有苦。（没有十全十美的幸福。）吃蜜别怕蜂蛰人，摘花别怕花带刺。There is no rose without a thorn. 没有不长刺的玫瑰。There are spots (even) in the sun.太阳也有黑点。/The sun has its spots. /He is lifeless

that is faultless./人非圣贤，孰能无过。No man is without his faults. /All men are fallible./Every

man has his weak side./Every man has the defects of his own virtues/qualities. 每一个人都有美中不足的地方。/Every man is mad on some point. /Everybody has some weak spot./金无足赤，人无完人。Every man has his faults. /No man is infallible (here on earth).没有人不犯错误。/No

one is without his faults. /Nobody but has his faults. /Nobody is without faults./人无完人，孰能无过。/There is no man but errs. /There is no man but has his faults./There is no man without

faults./A better man never trod this earth. /没有十全十美的朋友。A friend without faults will

never be found. /是人就会犯错误。To err is humane./智者千虑，必有一失。(老虎也有打盹的时候。）人非圣贤，孰能无过。Even Homer sometimes nods./ The best of us can make mistakes.

/A best car may overthrow. /A good marksman may miss.好射手也有失手的时候。/Even the

wise are not free from error. /It is a wise man that makes no mistakes. /It is a wise man that

never makes mistakes.从不犯错的人是聪明人。/The best man stumbles.伟人也有犯错时。/ A

best marksman may miss./死人不出错。人人都有缺点。人无完人。/凡人皆有错。There are

faults from which none of us is free. /工匠再好，难免差错。The best workman sometimes

blunders. /好瓦匠难垒不透风的墙。It is a skillful technician that never blunders. /老虎也有打盹的时候。Even the worthy Homer sometimes nods. /老虎也有打盹的时候。Homer sometimes

nods. /马有失蹄，人有失误。（老虎也有打盹的时候。）聪明一世，糊涂一时。No man is wise

at all times. /智有一时之失，人无一世聪明。No one wise at all times. /人都有弱点。人人都有弱点。Every man has his weakside. /人非圣贤，孰能无过。死人无过错。Lifeless, faultless.只有死人才不犯错误。/人有糊涂一时，无人糊涂一世。None is a fool always, every one sometimes.

/人有糊涂一时，无人糊涂一世。聪明一世，糊涂一时。Every man is a fool sometimes, and none

at all times. /No one is a fool always, everyone sometimes. 没有终身的傻瓜，也没有终身不当傻瓜的人。/每个人都有糊涂的时候。Every man has a fool in his sleeve./人有失足，马有失蹄。好马亦有失蹄时。It is a good horse that never stumbles./马有失蹄，人有失误。（老虎也有打盹的时候。）A horse may stumble on four feet. /（老虎也有打盹的时候。）A horse stumbles that

has four legs.//金无足赤人无完人。玫瑰皆有刺，乐中必有苦。Roses have thorns.

近朱者赤，近墨者黑。交什么人，学什么人。什么人交什么友。He that sleeps with dogs rise

up with flees. / Evil communications corrupt good manners. 交恶友，损德行。/跟好人学好人。Keep good men company and you shall be of the number./休与恶人为伍。Keep not ill men

company, lest you increase the number. /跟坏人，学坏人。（近墨者黑。）Who keeps company

with wolves, will learn to howl./Good man teach good; companionship with bad will but corrupt

the good mind that you had./He that lies down with dogs, must rise up with fleas./He that

touches pitch shall be defiled./交什么人，学什么人。跟什么样的人学什么样。He that lives with

cripples learns to limp./近朱者赤。A boy living next to a temple knows the litany by heart./Near

vermilion one gets stained pink./The finger that touches rouge will be red./跟好人，学好人。With

the good we become good./ If you go a year with a cripple, you'll limp at the end of it./近墨者黑。They that touch pitch will be defiled./常在河边走，哪有不湿鞋。Touch pitch, and you will be

defiled./跟着坏人难学好。He who keeps company with a wolf will learn to howl. /久在河边走，

焉能不湿鞋。老子偷瓜盗果，儿子杀人放火。The cask savours of the first fill./He who scrubs

every pig he sees will not long be clean himself./He who touches pitch must expect to be

defiled./He who touches pitch will be defiled./One cannot touch pitch without being defiled./老子偷瓜盗果，儿子杀人放火。（近朱者赤，近墨者黑。）Every cask smells of the wine it contains.

/三人行，必有我师。He that walks with wise men shall be wise. /与有智之人同行，你会变得聪颖。Walk with the wise men and you shall be wise.

人心不足蛇吞象。贪多必失。Covet all and lose all. /Dogs that run after many hares bill none. /样样都要，全都失掉。样样要，样样掉。Grasp all, lose all. /样样要，样样掉。He that will have

all, lose all. /贪多嚼不烂。认命之人不曾有。No man is content (with his lot)./贪得无厌，终将尽失。Much wants more and lose all./ Avarice is never satisfied. /贪得无厌；越富越贪。Avarice

increases with health. /贪多嚼不烂。A shoe too large trips one up. /Bite off more than one can

chew. /Dogs that put up many hares kill none. /He who begins many things, finishes but few.

/Never bite off more than you can chew. /不要揽事过多。Don't have too many irons in the fire. /

Covetousness breaks the bag/sack./A man's discontent is his worst evil. 不知足是最大的祸害。/They need much whom nothing will content./Too much breaks the bag./得陇望蜀，越有越贪。（越有越想有。越有心越贪。）欲壑难填。Much shall have more./Much will have more./得陇望蜀。得寸进尺。Give him an inch and he will take a yard/ mile./Give knaves an inch and they will

take a yard./Give him an inch and he'll take an ell./If you agree to carry the calf, they'll make you

carry the cow./得陇望蜀。越有越贪。Appetite comes with eating. 胃口越吃越大。/得陇望蜀；贪得无厌。得一望十，得十望百。As wealth grows, care and greed for greater wealth follows

after./勿自不量力。Don't bite off more than you can chew. /欲速则不达。All covet, all lose. /贪多嚼不烂。眼大肚子小，贪多嚼不烂。（眼馋肚子饱。）Eyes are bigger than the belly. /The eye

is bigger than the belly. /心有余而力不足。Eyes are bigger than one’s stomach./贪多嚼不烂。欲速则不达（忙中出错）。匆忙必有失。揠苗助长。Haste makes waste. /A short cut is often a wrong

cut. /No haste but good speed. /No more haste than good speed. /The more haste, the less

speed. /The shortest way round is the longest way home. /Too swift arrives as tardy as too slow. /匆忙必有失。More haste, less speed. /贪多嚼不烂。 He that doth most at once doth least. /瞎忙乎等于白忙乎。Fool's haste is no speed.

时不待我，岁月无情。岁月不待人。You may delay, but time will not. /岁月不留人。Age and time

will not be called again. /时光如流水，岁月不待人。机不可失，失不再来。/An occasion lost

cannot be redeemed./He loses all who loses the moment./When an opportunity is neglected, it

nay./Let's take the instant by the foreward top./Opportunity do not wait. 机会不等人。/机不可失，时不再来。Opportunity knocks but once./Seize time by the forelock./Take time by the

水滴穿石。世上无难事，只怕有心人。有志者，事竟成。A man can succeed at almost anything

for which he has unlimited enthusiasm.只要有无限的热情，一个人几乎可以在任何事情上取得成功。/（决心成功，一半成功。）He who will success is half way to it. /A wilful man will have his

way.顽强者定会成功。/To him that wills, ways are not wanting. /世上无难事，只怕有心人。精诚所至，金石为开。Nothing is impossible for/to a willing mind/heart.心之所愿，无所不成。/世上无难事，只要肯攀登。坚持到底就是胜利。（锲而不舍，金石可镂。）有梦就有希望。Where there is a will, there is a way. /只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针。Elbow grease gives the best

polish. /Little strokes fell down strong oaks. /Many little strokes fell down strong oaks.

/Perseverence spells success. /锲而不舍，金石可镂。滴水穿石。Little strokes fell great oaks./世上无难事，只怕有心人。（有志者，事竟成。）Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets

dripping will wear away a stone./A drop hollows out a stone./Water dropping day by day wears

him who will but wait.只要肯等待，一切都会按时来。/耐得住，必有福。He that can stay

the inch as you have done the span./坚韧不拔是成功之本。Perseverance is the only road to

success.不屈不挠是取得成功的唯一道路。/坚韧不拔是成功之本。Perseverance is vital to

success.不屈不挠是成功之本。/世上无难事，只要肯登攀。Nothing is too difficult(in the world)

if you put/set your heart/mind into it. / A mouse in time may bite in two a cable./有志者事竟成。With time and patience the leaf of the mulberry becomes satin. /绳可锯木断，水可滴石穿。The

soft dropps of rain perce tha hard marble.

万丈高楼平地起。冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。Habit is a cable: we weave a thread of it every day,

and at last we cannot break it./万丈高楼平地起。The highest tower begin from the ground. /万物皆有时。Everything has its time. / A high building, a low foundation./凡事都得从头做。凡事总有一个开头。Everything must have a beginning. /伟大始于渺小。From small beginnings come

great things. 大事起于微小的开头。/万物起于毫末。The beginning of all things are small. /伟业非一日之功。（一日造不出洛阳桥。）坚持必成。Rome was not built in a day. /伟业非一日之

功。A strong town/castle is not won in an hour. /冰冻三尺非一日之功。An oak is not felled at one

stroke./It is not the last blow of the axe that fells the oak./千里之行，始于足下。He who would

climb the ladder must begin at the bottom./A thousand mile trip begins with one step./He that

climbs a ladder must begin at the first step./The longest journey starts with a single step. /万丈高楼平地起。合抱之木，生于毫末。（大始于小，有始于无。）要干大事，先干小事。Great oaks

from little acorns grow./The greatest oaks have been little acorns./要干大事，先干小事。Every

oak must be an acorn.

亡羊补牢，为时未晚。悬崖勒马，回头是岸。迟干总比不做好。亡羊补牢，为时不晚。迟到总比不到好。晚来总比不来好。迟干总比不干好。（迟到总比不到强。）晚做总比不做强。Better

late than never./ It's never to late to mend./Never too late to mend. /亡羊补牢，犹未晚也。过而能改，善莫大焉； It’s never too late to mend. /亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。有错就改，永不嫌晚。It is never too late to mend. / You’d better wake up before it’s too late.

亡羊补牢，为时已晚。It is too late to lock the stable when the horse has been stolen. 马已被盗，锁圈已晚。/It is too late to lock the stable when the horse is stolen./It is too late to shut the

stable door after the horse has been stolen./It is too late to shut the stable-door when the steed

is stolen./Lock the barn door after the horse is stolen. /Lock the stable door after the horse has

been stolen./The Trojans became wise too late. /When the calf is stolen, the farmer mends the

stall. /When the horse is stolen, you lock the stable door.

一人难称百人心。众口难调。It is hard to please all (parties). /（一人难称百人心。）No pipes can

please all ears. /All feet tread not in one shoe. /All things fit not all persons./一把钥匙开一把锁。You cannot put the same shoe on every foot./一履难适百足。One shoe will not fit all feet. /一把钥匙开一把锁。Every shoe fits not every foot. /一人难称百人意。He that all men will please,

shall never find ease./You cannot please everyone./众口难调。He who please everybody died

before he was born. /萝卜白菜，各有所爱。穿衣戴帽，各有所好。All meat is not the same in

every man’s mouth./Some prefer turnips and others pears./众口难调。All meat pleases not

mouths. /A black plum is as sweet as a white. 黑梅白梅一样甜。/人各有所好。One man's meat

is another man's poison. 一人之美味，他人之毒药。/（各有所好。）Every man has his

hobby-horse(liking). /（各有所好。）百人吃百味。人各有所好。Every man to his (own) taste.

/Concerning taste there is no disputing. /穿衣戴帽，各有所好。人各有所好。百人有百味。There

is no disputing about tastes./There is no accounting for tastes./利于此而害于彼。One man’s

meat is another man’s poison./一人之美味，他人之毒药。Water is a boon in the desert, but the

drowning man curses it. /各有所好，众口难调。（各有各的口味。）人各有所好。Everyone to his

taste./情人眼里出西施。Tastes differ/vary./人各有所好。There’s no accounting for taste.

一心不可二用。No man can do two things at once./分身无术。One cannot be in two places at

once./一心不能二用。A man cannot spin and reel at the same time. /A man cannot whistle and

drink at the same time. /Do not attend to two things at a time. /No man can both sup and blow

together./一口吃不成个胖子。One thing at a time. /You cannot serve God and Mammon.不能既侍奉上帝又侍奉财神。/You cannot spin and reel at the same time. /You cannot whistle and drink

at the same time. /一心不能二用。不能脚踏两只船。身在曹营心在汉。You are trying to run

with the hare and hold with the hounds./You are trying to hold with the hare and run with the

hounds. /身在曹营心在汉。The soul is not where it lives, but where it loves./不能脚踏两只船。He runs with the hare and hunts with the hounds. /一脚不能踏两只船。One cannot run with the

hare and hunt with the hounds. /不可脚踏二条船。You cannot run with the hare and hunt with

the hounds. /一只脚踏不了两只船。（）He that hunts two hares oft loseth both./脚踏两只船，

必定要落水。Between two stools the breech cometh to the ground./脚踏两只船，早晚要落水。Between two stools one falls/goes to the ground./脚踏两只船，两头都落空。He who hunts two

hares leaves one and loses the other./He who runs two horses leaves one and loses the

other./One falls into the ground, in trying to sit on two stools. /脚踏两只船，必定要落水。If you

run after two hares (at once),you will catch neither.

有利必有弊。无风不起浪，事出必有因。事出有因。Where there is smoke, there is fire. /（无中不能生有。）From nothing nothing can come. /（有利就有弊。）No fire without smoke. /Where

there’s reek, there’s heat. /事出有因。Everything has a wherefore. /Everything has its seeds./凡事必有因。Every why has a wherefore. /There was aye some water where the stirk drowned. /无中不会生有。Of nothing comes nothing. /（空对空。）Nothing can come of nothing. /（空对空。）Where nothing is, nothing can be had. /（空对空。）无风不起浪。Nothing comes from/out of

nothing. /Out of nothing comes nothing. /You cannot make up something out of nothing. /无风不起浪。腹中空，莫授业。Nothing comes out of the sack but what was in it. /有果必有因。（没有根，哪有果？）No root, no fruit. /（事出有因。无风不起浪。）No smoke without fire./（事出有因。无风不起浪。）There is no smoke without fire. /有利必有弊。凡事皆有利弊。Every

advantage has its disadvantage./凡事皆有利弊。Every coin has two sides./无风不起浪。There is

no fire without (some) smoke. /有明就有暗，有利就有弊。No sunshine but hath some shadow.

/害于此而利于彼。There is no wind which blows no man to good./ It is an ill wind that blows

nobody good./有一利必有一弊。It's an ill wind that blows nobody any good. /There is not any

advantage without disadvantage. /有利就有弊。公说公有理，婆说婆有理。（各执一词。）Accounts differ./要一分为二地看问题。There are two sides to every question.问题皆有两面。/事物都有正反两个方面。Every medal has its reverse. /事物都有正反两个方面。Every medal has

two sides. /Every coin has two sides.