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2023年12月18日发(作者:thailand中的th的音标是什么)

外研版(19)高一必修一第一五单元词组和句型总结

for (=search for)寻求

measures to do sth.采取措施做某事

determined to do sth.决心做某事

4. solution to ……的解决办法

an effect on 对……有影响

two birds with one stone 一举两得;一箭双雕

your horses 慢点;别急

cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨

the elements 不顾恶劣天气;冒着风雨

trate on 全神贯注于

at 盯着;凝视着

all 毕竟;终究

to 对…..作出反应

with 和….发生反应

15.a variety of (=varieties of )各种各样的

the cat’s away(the mice will play)猫儿不在,老鼠作怪(管事的不在,下边的人玩儿的痛快)

amazed at/by 对….感到惊讶

into /onto 撞上;坠毁

down 缩减;缩小(尺寸;数目);砍到(树)

the awareness of ..提高……的意识

r from 从…..恢复过来

shocked to do sth.做某事很吃惊

one place to another 从一地到另一地

to do 达成;设法完成

one’s way to 找到去….的路

the past/last few yeas 近几年来(常与现在完成时态连用)

Eg. Its population has crashed by as much as 90% in

the last few years.

on 以…..为食

a speed of 以……速度

time to time 不时;偶尔

ct with 和….互动

31.a long time to come 未来的相当长时间

the still lake 在平静的湖里

for 除了

Your composition is good except a few spelling

mistakes.(除了….总体是好的)

34.a symbol of ……的象征

based on 根据

句型

1. 定语从句:a time when…一个……的时期

The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s

amazing ability comes at a time when it is in

serious trouble.

2. 同位语从句:…a feeling that …一种…..的感受

While I was concentrating on photographing this

amazing scene,I suddenly had a feeling that I was

being watched.

3. 强调句型

It is /was +被强调部分+that/who +句子剩余部分

It is after all we who are the visitors to their

world.

4. the +比较级,the +比较级 越……,就越…..

The more we know about this lovely creature, the

greater the chance it will survive.(同时也要注意前后句的时态)

2 / 2

核心词汇

词汇1:seek(sought sought)寻求,请求,寻找,设法

[教材原句]

They migrate to find food,seek 它们迁徒是为了寻找食物,寻找伴侣.....

[要点必记

seek(one's)advice 征求(某人的)意见

seek(one's)help请求(某人的)帮助

seek to do sth.设法做某事

谚语:Nothing seek,nothing find.无所 求则无所获。

词汇2:measure(1)量,测量,(长度,数量)量度为(2)措施,方法(常用复数)

[教材原句]

It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.它用眼睛测量太阳的位置。

[要点必记]

(1)measure…by.......衡量

(2) to one's own measure依照某人的尺寸做.

take measures to do sth.(= take steps/action to do sth.)采取措施做某事take the measure of sb.(= take one's

measure)摸清某人的底细

词汇3:position 位置,方位,职位,工作,姿态,站位

[教材原句]

It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun它用

眼睛测量太阳的位置。

[要点必记]

position处于......的地位/处境1位置

in position就位;在适当的位置

out of position在不适当的位置

a leading position 基础地位;首要地位

a sitting/kneeling/lying position坐/跪/卧姿

be in a position of power/strength处于有权力/有实力的地位

[学法点拨]

position point case,stage situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时

若定语从句中缺少状语,则用where引导定语从句。

Sales director is a position where communication

ability is just as important as sales skills.销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售技巧同样重要的职位。

词汇4:determine 测定,确定,决定,下决心

[教材原句]

...allow the butterfly to determine the way

可以让蝴蝶确定它需要走哪条路。

[要点必记]

(1)determine to do sth.决定/决心做某事determine

on(doing)sth.决定(做)某事determine do sth.使某人下决心做某事

(2)determined adj.坚决的;有决心的be determined

to do sth.决心做某事be 决心.....

(3)determination n.决心;决定

with determination坚决地

determine v.测定确定;决定;下定决心

2 / 2

词汇5:eventually终于,最终

[教材原句]

Eventually it manages to reach the places where it will

讶的be amazed 感到惊讶

be amazed to see/find..惊讶地看到1发现....

(3)amaze vi.使惊奇→amazement n.吃惊

spend the winter.

最终,它会到达过冬的地方。

[要点必记]

eventual adj.最后的

[学法点拨]

表示列举时最后一项用finally或lastly,而不用eventually。

词汇6:solution解决,解决方法,答案

[教材原句]

The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing

ability comes at a time when it is in serio us trouble.在黑脉金斑蝶陷入严重困境之际,人们终于揭开了它的惊人能力之谜。

[要点必记]

a solution to..的解决办法1答案(to是介词)

provide/offer a solution提供解决办法

suggest/put forward a solution提出解决办法

look for a solution寻找解决办法

词汇7:amazing 惊人的,了不起的

[要点必记]

(1)an amazing achievement/discovery/success 惊人的成就1发现/成功It is amazing that..令人惊讶的......

(2)amaze vt.使惊奇→amazed adj.感到惊奇的,惊

in amazement吃惊地

to one's amazement令某人吃惊的是

[学法点拨]

..,ing形容词常用来说明事物或人本身具有的特征,意为"合人感到.....";

…ed形容词常用来描述人的感觉,意为“感到....”,还可以描述人的表情、声音等。

词汇8:destroy破坏,毁掉

[教材原句]

…people are destroying the 人们正在破坏自然环境。

[要点必记]

(1)destroy one's confidence/hope/faith摧毁某人的信心/希望/信仰

(2)destruction n.破坏,毁灭

[词语辨析]destroy damage 与ruin

(1)destroy指彻底“破坏“毁坏”,不能或很难修复;(2)damage指部分性“破坏”“损坏”,-般可以修复;(3)ruin指严重地“毁坏”,侧重于破坏事物的内在价值。

词汇9:lead to 导致,引起,通向

[教材原句]

The research on the monarch's behaviour has however

led to a greater awareness of this creature.

2 / 2

然而对黑脉金斑蝶习 性的研究使人们对这种动物有了更深刻的认识。

[要点必记]

lead to failure导致失败lead to success通向成功

lead to being caught导致

被抓

[学法点拨]

lead to中to是介词后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语

词汇10:feed on (动物)以…为食

[教材原句]

...there are enough plants for it to 有足够的食物供它食用。

[要点必记]

feed羊on草feed草on羊

up(用大量食物)把....养肥/养壮

live on(人)以.....为主食

词汇11:survive 活下来,幸存

[教材原句]

The more we know about this lovely creature,the

greater the chance it will survive.

我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多,它生存的机会就越.....

[要点必记]

(1)survive the war/accident/flood/fire在战争/事故/洪水/火灾中幸免于难survive the attack在袭击中幸免于难

survive the earthquake在地震中幸免于难people

who survive cancer癌症幸存者

survive sb.比某人长寿

沿袭下来

survive sb. by…years比某人多活....年

(2)survivor n.幸存者

survival n.幸存

[一言助记]

After he survived the earthquake the old man became

one of the few survivors of the family and his survival

made his old friends very happy.这位老人在地震中幸存下来之后,成了这个家庭中的少数幸存者之一,他的 幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。

词汇12:effect (1)影响,记过(2)使发生,引起(同义bring about)

[教材原句]

Then use the sentences to complete the “cause-effect"

flow charts.然后用句子来完成因果流程图。

[要点必记]

have an effect on对..........影响

have no/some/little/much 对....没有/有些/几乎没有/有很大影响

with effect有效地

without effect无效地

take effect生效起作用

of no effect 无效

put/bring sth. into effect实施计划;落实想法

come into effect(法律等)生效

in effect事实上

[词语积累]

2 / 2

effect n.

→effective adj.有效的;生效的

→effectively adv.有效地

重点句式

句式一:过去分词短语做后置定语

[教材原句]

A team of scientists led by Professor Fi Schlizerman at

the University of Washington has now found the

answer.由华盛顿大学伊萊.施利泽曼教授带领的一个科学家团队现在已经找到了答案。

[句法分析]

led by Professor Eli Schlizerman at the university of

Washington是过去分词短语,在句中作后置定语修饰a team of scientists。a team of scientists 与lead 是被动关系。

[要点必记]

分词(短语)作定语

(I)作定语的分词如果是单个分词,要放在所修饰的名词之前;如果是分词短语,则放在所修饰的名词之后。

The new product finally passed the required test.新产品终于通过了要求的测试。(前置定语)

It is a house built by the ancient Romans.它是一栋古罗马人建的房屋。(后置定语)

(2)一般来讲,现在分词与过去分词都可作定语但现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的含义而过去

分词表示被动的、已经完成的含义。

(3)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时,不表示被动只强调完成;不及物动词的现在分词作定语时强

调动作正在进行。它们一般都放在所修饰的名词之前。请比较不及物动词的过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别:

fallen leaves落叶

falling leaves正在飘落的树叶

the risen sun已升起的太阳

the rising sun正在冉冉升起的太阳

a returned student已归国的学生

a returning student归国途中的学生

句式二:the+比较级…the+比较级 越…就越…

[教材原句]

The more we know about this lovely creature the

greater the chance it

我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多,它生存的机会就越大.....

[要点必记]

(1)"the+比较级(+主语+谓语),the+比较级(+主语+谓语)”表示“越....,就越....前者表示条件后者 表示结果。

(2)比较级+and+比较级 越来越....

more and more+多音节形容词原级 越来越....

词汇13:Animal idioms 动物习语

[要点必记]

Kill two birds with one stone.一举两得/一箭双雕。

When the cat's away the mice will play.猫儿不在 老鼠翻天。

The early bird catches the worm笨鸟先飞。

2 / 2

It's raining cats and dogs.大雨倾盆。

Never offer to teach fish to swim切莫班门弄斧。

词汇14:accommodation 住处,工作场所,停留处,膳食

[教材原句]

Our accommodation is perfect.我们的食宿好极了。

[要点必记]

provide accommodations for 为.....提供膳宿

[归纳拓展]

accommodate v..为....提供住宿/空间;适应;(房间、建筑物等)容纳accommodate/adapt(oneself)to适应;.....适应....

词汇15:found(founded,founded)创立,建立

[教材原句]

The oldest z0o in China is Beijing Zoo,which was

founded in 1906.

最古老的动物园是北京动物园,它建于1906年。

[要点必记]

be founded on建立.....基础上;(建筑物)建立.....

[一言辨异]

We find it difficult to found an organization. But

recently we found that they had founded their trade

union.我们发现建立一个组织很难。但最近,我们发现他们成立了工会组织。

单元语法

定语从句(II)--关系副词的用法

[要点1]

概述

当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时,应使用关系副词when where why。

关系副词的作用如下:

(1)指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词;

(2)在从句中充当句子成分一状语;

(3)起连接作用把主句和定语从句连 接起来。

[要点2]关系副词引导的定语从句

(1)when引导的定语从句

when表示时间代替 先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语其先行词往往是 表示时间的名词如time,day,week,year 等。

[误区警示)

(1)当先行词是时间名词时,定语从句既可用when引导,也可以用that 或which引导关键看关系词在从句中 作何种成分。

(2)若关系词在定语从句中作状语则用 when引导;若关系词在定 语从句中作主语或宾语,则用that或which 引导。

(3)where引导的定语从句

where表示地点代替 先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词如place

factory,house village 等,或表示抽象地点的名词,如position,point case stage,situation,atmosphere等。

[误区警示]

当先行词是地点名词时,如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则用that 或which引导定语从句。

(4)why引导的定语从句

why表示原因,代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因 2 / 2

状语其先行词是表示理由的名词

reason。[误区警示]

若代替先行词reason 的关系词在定语从句中不作状语,而是充当主语或宾语则用that 或which引导定语从句。

词汇16:observe 看到,观察,遵守,奉行(法律,风俗等),庆祝

[教材原句]

you can observe animals in their natural environment,你可以在自然环境中观察动物。

[要点必记]

(1)observe sth.观察到某人做了某事observe

sb. doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事observe that..观察.

observe traffic rules遵守交通规则celebrate the

Mid-Autumn Festival 庆祝中秋节

(2)observation n.观察

[误区警示]

observe sth.变为被动语态时不定式要加上 to。

词汇17:recover(1)(从糟糕的经历中)恢复,恢复(能力,知觉等)(2)痊愈,恢复(健康等)(3)重新获得,找回。

[教材原句]

When I recovered from the shock I looked at my

camera.

当我从震惊中恢复过来时我看着 我的相机。

[要点必记]

(1)中恢复recover oneself静下心来

(2)recovery n.恢复痊愈;复得,找回make a full

recovery完全康复

make a quick/slow recovery恢复很快/缓慢

[学法点拨]前缀re-表示“重"“又“再”等含 义。

类似的还有repeat(重复),return(回来)rebuild(重建)review(复习),rewrite(重写改写)等。

词汇18:encounter 相遇,邂逅,经历

[教材原句]

An Encounter with Nature与大自然的邂逅

[要点必记]

a chance encounter偶然相遇

a child's first encounter with books孩子第一次接触书本

a close encounter with a snake险遇一条蛇

词汇19:concentrate(sth.)on(sth.)把注意力集中于,全神灌注于,concentrate专注,专心

[教材原句]

While I was concentrating on photographing this

当我正在全神贯注地拍摄这一令人惊叹的景象时.....

[要点必记]

(1)集.....于.....

focus on把注意力集中于.....

(2)concentration n.集中;专心

2 / 2

词汇20:scene 景色,景象,场面,场景,发生地点,现场,(戏剧或歌剧的)场

[要点必记]

battle scenes;战斗场面

the scene of the accident/crime事故/犯罪现场

on the scene到现场

at the scene在现场

Act I,Scene 2 of "Hamlet"《哈姆雷特》第1幕第2场

[词语辨析]view, sight ,scene与scenery

(1)view指从远处或高处看到的景色;

(2)sight指旅游观光的风光包括城市景色或自 然风光;

(3)scene是scenery的一部分,多包括其中的人物及活动;

(4)scenery指某-国家或地区总的自然景色。

词汇21:stare 凝视,盯着看

[教材原句]

With water falling off its thick brown hair the bear

stared back at me.

随着水从它浓密的棕色毛发上滴落下来那只熊回望着我。

[要点必记]

stare at sb.盯着某人看;凝视某人stare the face盯着某人的脸看stare sb. up and down上下打量某人

[归纳拓展]

glare at怒视

fix one's eyes on盯着看

glance at 瞥一眼(指粗略地看一下)

词汇22:shock(1)吃惊,震惊,令人震惊的事,休克(2)使吃惊,使惊愕

[要点必记]

(1)It shocks 看到/听到.....使某人震惊。

be in a state of shock惊魂未定/处于休克状态

a great shock to sb.对某人来说是个极大的震惊(抽象名词具体化)

(2)shocking adj.令人震惊的,,令人憎恶的

shocked adj.惊愕的震惊的

be shocked 感到震惊

be shocked to do sth.对做某事感到震惊

shocked look/expression震惊的表情

shocked voice震惊的声音

◆一言助记

This is shocking news. It has shocked everyone,and

everyone is shocked at the news.

这是令人震惊的消息。它震惊了每个人,每个人都对这个消息感到震惊。

词汇23:capture v.(用文字或图片)记录,捕捉;捕获

[教材原句]

My most frightening but magical experience was now

captured forever in a single image.

我最可怕但最神奇的经历,现在被永远地记录在了一张照片中。

2 / 2

[要点必记]

capture sb/sth. on film/tape拍摄/录制某人1某物

capture one's imagination/attention激发某人的想象力1吸引某人注意capture surprise出其不意地俘获某人

capture one's heart赢得某人的心,使某人倾心

词汇24:after all毕竟,终究

[教材原句]

It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.毕竟我们是他们世界的访客。

[要点必记]

after all"'终究,还是",表示结果与预想的不同,常置于句末;“毕竟,别忘了”,解释或说明理由,常置于句首

above all首先,最重要的是

in all 总共,总计

(not)at all完全(不),一点儿(都不)

◆一言助记

You shouldn't have scolded the boy at all,for he is a

child after all. Above all,he made only two mistakes

in all.你根本不该责备那个男孩,因为他毕竟还是个孩子。最重要的是,他总共才出了两处错误。

词汇25:reaction n.(对某一情形或事件的)反应

[教材原句]

What is your opinion of the photographer's re action

when he saw the bear?

你如何评价摄影师看到熊时的反应?

[要点必记]in reaction to针对.....的反应

[词语积累]

react v.回应;抗拒;发生反应起反应

react against反抗,反对

react on/upon有影响,起作用,起化学反应

与....发生反应

reactive adj.反应的;有反应的

重点句式

句式一:with复合结构

[教材原句]

With water falling off its thick,brown hair,the bear

stared back at me.

随着水从它浓密的棕色毛发上滴落下来,那只熊回望着我。

[要点必记]

with复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”常在句中作状语,表示原因、方式、时间、,条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有:

(1)with+宾语+形容词(2)with+宾语+副词

(3)with+宾语+现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)(4)with+宾语+过去分词(表示被动或已经完成)

(5)with+ 宾语+动词不定式(表示尚未发生)

(6)with+宾语+介词短语

[学法点拨]

with复合结构在句中还可作定语。

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