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2024年6月17日发(作者：卡诗kerastase)
页岩油开采外文翻译中英文2019
英文
Improving oil recovery from shale oil reservoirs using cyclic cold carbon
dioxide injection – An experimental study
Khalid Elwegaa，Hossein Emadi, etc
Abstract
In this study, effects of injecting gas temperature and pressure on oil
recovery factor (RF) of shale oil reservoirs were investigated by
implementing cyclic cold carbon dioxide (CO2) injection on Eagle Ford
Shale Oil core samples. Also, effects of injecting gas temperature on
porosity, permeability, and brittleness indices of these core samples were
assessed.
An experimental setup was designed and built to implement
CO2 cyclic gas injection and thermal shock tests. Four Eagle Ford Shale
outcrop core samples were used in this study. The saturated samples were
heated to 180°F and carbon dioxide at various combinations of pressure
(1000 psi, 2000 psi, 3000 psi, and 4000 psi) and temperature (−15°F,
0°F, 32°F, and 74°F) was injected into them. Oil RF for each
experiment was measured after five days of production period.
Additionally, porosity, permeability and ultrasonic velocity of each core
sample were measured both prior to and after conducting the experiment.
The results indicate that injecting CO2 at low temperature results in
higher oil recovery factor (up to 7%) than injecting carbon dioxide at
ambient temperature. It was also observed that injecting cold
CO2 enhanced both porosities and permeabilities of the core samples.
The porosities and the permeabilities of the core samples enhanced by up
to 3.5% and 8.8%, respectively. Also, a noticeable reduction (between
100 ft/s and 400 ft/s) in P-wave velocity was observed after injecting the
cold gas into the core samples, which is an indication of creating induced
fractures. The results also revealed that injecting the cold gas increased
the brittleness indices of the core samples by up to 8. Hence, cyclic cold
carbon dioxide injection could be potentially implemented in the shale oil
fields to improve the efficiency of the current industry practice of cyclic
gas injection technique.
Keywords: Shale oil reservoirs, Cyclic gas injection, Carbon dioxide,
Oil recovery, Thermal shock
1. Introduction
Shale formations have ultra-low permeabilities and do not produce
economically unless fracturing treatments are performed. Despite using
current stimulation techniques, shale reservoirs only produce 5–7% of
their initial oil in place. Therefore, researchers are still working on
exploring new techniques to improve recovery factor (RF) in shale-oil
reservoirs. Consequently, several Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
techniques have been studied to improve ultimate oil RF. One of the most
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