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2024年3月25日发(作者：svn什么意思)
四省联考变式题-阅读理解D
一、阅读理解
1. We all know that unpleasant feeling when we’re talking about something
interesting and halfway through our sentence we’re interrupted. But was that really an
interruption? The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by
Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.
Using a set of controlled audio clips (录音片段), Hilton surveyed 5, 000 American
English speakers to better understand what affects people’s perceptions of interruptions.
She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the
speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to
interrupt.
Hilton found that American English speakers have different conversational styles.
She identified two distinct groups: high and low intensity speakers. High intensity
speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and
consider talking at the same time a sign of engagement. Low intensity speakers find it
rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.
The differences in conversational styles became evident when participants listened to
audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other
and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations
where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive
but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between
speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous
(同时) chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.
“People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a
massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an
interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each
other.”
1. What does Hilton’s research focus on?
A．What interruptions mean to people.
B．Whether interruption is good or not.
C．How to avoid getting interrupted.
D．Why speakers interrupt each other.
2. What do participants of the study need to do?
A．Record an audio clip. B．Answer some questions.
C．Listen to one another. D．Have a chat with a friend.
3. What do low intensity speakers think of simultaneous chat?
A．It’s important. B．It’s interesting.
C．It’s inefficient. D．It’s impolite.
4. What can we learn from Hilton’s research?
A．Human interaction is complex.
B．Communication is the basis of life.
C．Interruptions promote thinking.
D．Language barriers will always exist.
2. As a young child, I was painfully shy. I’d watch other children play in the park,
wishing I could join them, but I was too scared to approach. Eventually, my mother
would come to the rescue. She’d ask the other kids if I could play, too. Today, I feel
comfortable giving public lectures in large halls and having conversations in small groups,
but I still tend to avoid situations in which I’m expected to spend time with a roomful of
strangers.
There could be many reasons. For one thing, I might be carrying some childhood fear
of rejection. But beyond that possibility, one likely element is that I tend to underestimate
how much people like me after I meet them, as most of us do.
A new research paper reports that the common concern that new people may not like
us, or that they may not enjoy our company, is largely unfounded.
Erica Boothby of Cornell University and her colleagues conducted a series of studies
to find out what our conversation partners really think of us. In doing so, they discovered
a new cognitive illusion (认知错觉) they call “the liking gap”: our failure to realize how
much strangers appreciate our company after a bit of conversation.
The researchers observed the gap in a variety of situations: strangers getting
acquainted in the research laboratory, first-year college students getting to know their
dormitory mates over the course of many months, and community members meeting
fellow participants in personal development workshops. In each circumstance, people
consistently underestimated how much others liked them. For much of the academic year,
as dormitory mates got to know each other and even started to develop enduring
friendships, the liking gap persisted.
The data also revealed some of the potential reasons for the illusion: we are often
more severe with ourselves than with others, and our inner critic prevents us from
appreciating how positively other people evaluate us. Not knowing what our conversation
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