译林版八年级下册英语Unit 6 Reading知识点总结

Unit 6

Reading

Phrases

1. 为……义务做事

2. 最令人惊奇的经历 the most amazing experience

3. 作为一名志愿者工作 work as a volunteer

4. 给某人一个做某事的机会 give sb. a chance

5. 与……相似 be

6. 放弃他们的业余时间 give up their spare time

7. 接受训练 receive training

8. 一次成功 a great success

9. 游泳教练 the swimming coach

10. 获得了金牌 win the gold

11. 感觉更自信 feel more confident

12. 感觉像一个大家庭的一部分 feel like part of a big family

13. 实现梦想 achieve one’s dream

Language points

1. Liu Ming did not know what to expect when he volunteered for the Special

Olympics World Summer Games in Shanghai, back in October 2007.

①expect vt. 意为“期待，指望，预料”

e.g. What do you expect me to do?

I expect that he will pass the exam.

辨析：expect, hope与look forward to

易混词 具体解释 用法

指期待、盼望某事其后可接名词、动词不定式或从句作宾语，

的发生，感情色彩也可以接动词不定式作宾语补足语

expect 强烈 例：I expect to meet my good friend in Pairs.

“希望”，表示对意

其后可接名词、动词不定式或从句作宾语，

愿的实现抱有一但不能接动词不定式作宾语补足语

定的信心，这种希例：Tommy hopes that her father can come to

hope 望往往可以实现 the meeting.

look 有主观上以愉悦其中to为介词，其后可接名词、代词或动名

forward to 的心情“盼望，期词

待”之意 例：I am looking forward to Children’s Day.

②volunteer vt. &vi.，意为“志愿做，义务做”。

志愿做……；主动做……

e.g. No one volunteered for cleaning the henhouse.

志愿做……；主动提出……

e.g. He volunteered to water our plants.

volunteer n. 义务工作者；志愿者

e.g. Schools need volunteers to help children to read.

拓展：voluntary adj. 义务的，志愿的

e.g. The college students often do some voluntary work in their spare time.

2. The special Olympics World Games give children and adults with intellectual

disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world.

①句中的with intellectual disabilities为后置定语，修饰children and adults。介词

短语作定语一般要后置。

e.g. The key to my bicycle is missing.

我的自行车钥匙丢了。

The students on duty are cleaning the classroom.

②give sb. a chance to do sth. 意为“给某人做某事的机会”

e.g. I will give you a chance to explain yourself.

③chance可数名词，意为“机会”，强调偶然性。

e.g. Do you have a chance to win?

You have no chance now.

Please give me a chance to explain.

短语by chance 偶然地；碰巧

e.g. I met one of my old friends by chance yesterday.

3. They include many events similar to those in the Olympics….

①event此处用作可数名词，意为“比赛项目；大事”。

e.g. How many events are there at your school sports meeting?

It’s an event in history. 那是历史上的一件大事。

②similar adj. 意为“同样的，类似的”，be similar to意为“与……相似”，其中to

为介词，其后多接名词或代词

e.g. My watch is similar to yours.

拓展：be similar in 意为“在……方面相似”; be the same as 意为“与……相同”

They are similar in color.

The two houses are similar in shape.

My coat is the same as my friend’s.

4. Over 40,000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World

Games.

give up 放弃，其后可接动词-ing形式

e.g. Nick’s father had to give up smoking because of his illness.

give up 后还可以跟名词（短语）

e.g. Ed’s mother gave up her job to look after him.

注意：代词作give up的宾语时要放在give和up之间。

e.g. This is a good chance. I won’t give it up.

5. Then they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great

success.

(1) 句中的support可以用作名词或动词，“支持”。

e.g. Thank you for your support.

Thank you for supporting me.

(2) 动词help后接另一动词，中间可以省略to。

e.g. They helped stop the fire.

(3) make the event a great success意为“使本届特奥会取得很大的成功”，

make +sb./sth. + 名词结构，其中the event是make的宾语，a great success为其

宾语补足语

e.g. Hard life makes the boy a man. 艰苦的生活使这个男孩成为一个男子汉。

We made Tom our monitor.

拓展：make后还以接省略to的动词不定式、形容词、过去分词作宾语补足语。

Don’t make the boy cry anymore.

The boy often makes his mother angry.

I can’t make myself understood in Chinese.

6. I was the swimming coach for a young boy from….

①coach此处为可数名词，意为“教练”，复数形式为coaches

②coach还可用作及物动词，意为“训练，指导”。

③coach还可用作可数名词，意为“客车，长途汽车”。

e.g. He is a football coach.

Could you help coach a football team for little kids?

I will take a coach to Nanjing.

7. He was born with intellectual disabilities.

be born with…..意为“生来具有……”

e.g. He was born with a weak body. 他生来体弱。

8. It was very brave of him to join the competition.

It’s adj of sb to do sth. 通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等

感叹情绪。

e.g. It’s silly of him to do such a thing.

9. To Li Hai, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part.

①not…but…意为“不是……，而是……”。

e.g. Jim’s father is not a teacher but a doctor.

The book is not hers but mine.

PE is not my favourite, but Music.

②gold此处用作可数名词，意为“金牌”。

e.g. He won many golds.

拓展：gold还可用作不可数名词，意为“黄金，金子”；gold用作形容词时，意为

“金黄色的，金质的”。

How much gold do you have? 你有多少黄金？

The girl with a gold watch is Mary. 那个戴金表的女孩是玛丽。

10. He feels more confident now because of the Special Olympics World Games.

confident adj. 此处意为“自信的”，可以作表语或定语。其常见搭配有：be confident

of sth. 意为“对……有信心”；be confident + that从句意为“确信……，对……有

信心”。

e.g. He is a confident person.

Mary is confident of passing the exam. = Mary is confident that she can pass the

exam.

11. You get to help them achieve their dreams…

① get to do sth. 此处意为“有机会做某事，得到做某事的机会”。

e.g. He got to take part in the Olympics.

He got to try out his new idea.

② get to sb.还表示“使某人恼怒或生气，影响某人”。

e.g. Don’t let them get to you. 不要让他们影响你。

12. I know some people offer to help without getting paid for the event.

offer to do sth.意为“主动提出做某事”。

e.g. Mary offered to help me with my English.

拓展：offer sth.提供某物；offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.

He offered some advice.

They offered us hot water.= They offered hot water to us.

13. Did Li Hai win first prize?

①first prize意为“一等奖”，当序数词表示名词时，其前的定冠词通常可以省略。

e.g. He won third prize at last.

②prize此处为可数名词，意为“奖品，奖金，奖赏”，win the prize意为“获奖”，

常常指在比赛中获胜时或有特殊贡献时所得的奖励。

e.g. He received the Nobel Prize for peace. 他获得了诺贝尔和平奖。

14. What are the Special Olympics World Games for?

What…for?意为“为什么……？”。

e.g. ---What are you here for?

---To meet my uncle.

辨析：what…for与why

用于询问目的或用途，一般用动词不定式或for介

词短语等回答，不能用because回答

What…for

为什么…… 例：---What do you want a basket for?

---I want to buy some apples.

why 为什么 侧重询问原因，一般用because作答

例：---Why were you late for school?

---Because I missed the early bus.